Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01178 (oxytocin)
 15,767 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The distribution of dopamine (DA)-containing fibers in the virtual absence of noradrenaline (NA)-containing ones has been mapped by aldehyde fluorescence histochemistry in rats subjected to a combined neurotoxin treatment (intracerebral 6-hydroxydopamine injections plus systemic injections of the selective NA neurotoxin DSP-4). This pretreatment left di- and telencephalic DA levels largely unaffected, but reduced the NA levels by at least 86-96%. The resulting DA:NA ratios suggested that the catecholamine-containing structures, demonstrable by fluorescence histochemistry in the di- and telencephalic regions, were predominantly the DA-containing ones. While the distribution of DA terminal systems in the neo- and allocortical regions conformed well to previous results, the combined neurotoxin treatment revealed new features of the distribution of DA fibers in the diencephalon. In addition to the previously described innervations of the tubero-hypophyseal system, the incerto-hypothalamic system, and the mesohabenular pathway, previously unknown innervations were revealed in the supraoptic, paraventricular and dorsomedial nuclei of the hypothalamus, and in the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus. Apart from some scattered fibers in the periventricular and lateral hypothalamic areas and medical zona incerta, other diencephalic nuclei seemed to be devoid of any significant DA terminal networks. The dopaminergic nature of these innervations is supported by DA uptake experiments (evaluated by fluorescence histochemistry) as well as by independent biochemical and immunohistochemical evidence. It is suggested that the DA innervations of the hypothalamic neurosecretory nuclei originate in cell bodies of the diencephalic A11-A14 cell groups and that such intradiencephalic DA projections participate in the regulation of oxytocin and vasopressin release from the pituitary.
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PMID:Selective histochemical demonstration of dopamine terminal systems in rat di- and telencephalon: new evidence for dopaminergic innervation of hypothalamic neurosecretory nuclei. 646 73

Thyroid hormones appear to play an important role in the seasonal reproductive transitions of a number of mammalian and avian species. These seasonal transitions as well as the effects of thyroid hormones on the reproductive neuroendocrine axis are mediated by the GnRH system. How thyroid hormones affect the GnRH system is unclear. Double label immunocytochemistry was used to examine GnRH- and other neurotransmitter/neuropeptide-containing neurons for thyroid hormone receptor (alphaTHR) colocalization in two seasonal breeders, the golden hamster and the sheep. AlphaTHR was identified in hamster and sheep brain by Western blot analysis. Furthermore, alphaTHR immunoreactivity was widely distributed in brain and was colocalized in identified populations: GnRH neurons (hamster, 28%; sheep, 46%); dopaminergic neurons of the A14 (hypothalamic) and A16 (olfactory bulb) cell groups, but not in the hypothalamic A13 cell group; and neurophysin-immunoreactive neurons of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei. The finding of alphaTHR in GnRH and A14 dopamine neurons provides an anatomical substrate for direct thyroid hormone action on the reproductive neuroendocrine system of these two seasonally breeding species. It remains to be determined whether the GnRH gene itself or the gene of another constituent within the same GnRH neuron is responsive to thyroid hormones.
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PMID:Thyroid hormone receptor (alpha) distribution in hamster and sheep brain: colocalization in gonadotropin-releasing hormone and other identified neurons. 934 36