Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01178 (oxytocin)
 15,767 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The unlabeled antibody enzyme method has been applied on adjacent sections in order to investigate coexistence of oxytocin (OXY) and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) within individual neurons of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of the colchicine-treated rat, sheep and hedgehog. Our results show that, although OXY and CRF immunoreactivities are both expressed by a number of cells in the rat and the sheep paraventricular nucleus, this is not the case for the hedgehog.
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PMID:The coexistence of oxytocin and corticotropin-releasing factor in the hypothalamus: an immunocytochemical study in the rat, sheep and hedgehog. 241 88

Oxytocin- and vasopressin-immunoreactive nerve fibers, apparently originating from a dorsal subunit of the paraventricular nucleus, were demonstrated in the pineal gland of the hedgehog. The majority of these fibers (pinealopetal projections) is intimately related to the capillaries of the pineal organ, whereas only a few elements are scattered throughout the pineal parenchyma. The number of peptidergic elements observed in the central portion of the pineal organ exceeds that of fibers located at the periphery. In relation to the functional state of the animals, the amount of immunoreactive material in these pinealopetal nerve fibers exhibits conspicuous variations. In hibernating hedgehogs (group 1), these nerve fibers were considerably richer in oxytocin than in non-hibernating or arousing winter animals (group 2 and 3). In contrast, only weak immunoreactivity for vasopressin was found in intrapineal nerve fibers of hibernating hedgehogs (group 1), whereas the fibers of arousing or non-hibernating hedgehogs (group 2 and 3) contained slightly larger amounts of vasopressin. In the pineal organ of animals sacrificed during the summer period (group 4), no immunoreactivity for both neuropeptides was found. The functional significance of the connection between the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and the pineal organ is discussed with special reference to the vascular terminals of the pinealopetal peptidergic nerve fibers.
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PMID:Oxytocin- and vasopressin-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the pineal gland of the hedgehog, Erinaceus europaeus L. 727 34

The R15 neuropeptides have been identified in the marine mollusc Aplysia californica. They compose a new family of neuropeptides acting on the cardiovascular, digestive, respiratory, reproductive and nervous systems. In this report we show that one of the members of the R15 neuropeptide family, the alpha 2 peptide is conserved in lower mammals. We have identified R15 alpha 2 immunoreactive neurons in the neurosecretory cell groups of the hypothalamus and in the brainstem of the hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus). The majority of labeled cells were localized to the anterior periventricular part of the paraventricular nucleus and the accessory neurosecretory cell groups in the lateral hypothalamus as well as to the dorsal part of the nucleus tractus solitarii. In the paraventricular nucleus, R15 alpha 2 immunoreactive neurons also exhibit immunoreactivity for oxytocin, corticotropin releasing factor, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and for the FMRFamide-related peptide which we found to be conserved in the hedgehog brain as well. No complete colocalization of R15 alpha 2 with any of the neuroactive substances tested, is observed. The highest degree of coexistence occurs with FMRFamide-related peptide, followed by vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, oxytocin and corticotropin releasing factor.
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PMID:Localization of molluscan R15 alpha 2 peptide immunoreactivity in the mammalian brain. 795 93

The effects of X-ray radiation on spermatogenesis, sperm motility, and PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) in mice were analyzed. Male C57BL/6 J mice were divided into control and two irradiation groups ( n = 9 mice/group). After irradiation of their reproductive regions, the mice were fed for 3 days (irradiation group 1) or 7 days (control and irradiation group 2). The sperm viability, motility, velocity, and motion curve were analyzed. After piRNA expression profiling, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was conducted for validation. Ionizing radiation led to vessel dilation and congestion, fewer spermatogenic cells, and reduced sperm production compared to the control. At 3 and 7 days postirradiation, the sperm count (grade d) increased while sperm viability and sperm lateral head displacement decreased. At 7 days, the sperm abnormality rate was higher compared to the control. Many piRNAs were differentially expressed after irradiation, including decreased and increased expression of mmu_piR_009082 and mmu_piR_020217, respectively. Downregulated piRNAs were involved in Rap1 signaling, non-homologous end-joining, hedgehog signaling, oxytocin signaling, and cholinergic synapse. Upregulated piRNAs participated in pathways including proteoglycans in cancer, phosphatidylinositol signaling, cGMP-PKG signaling, and stem cell pluripotency regulation. X-ray irradiation inhibited spermatogenesis and increased abnormal sperm rate in mice. piRNA-related signaling pathways may be involved in this process.
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PMID:X-ray-induced reproductive dysfunction and differentially expressed piRNAs in male mice. 3059 73