Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01178 (oxytocin)
 15,767 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

4 methods of ripening the unfavorable cervix (extra-amniotic prostaglandin (PG) gel; oral prostaglandin tablets; intravaginal prostaglandin tablets; and intravenous oxytocin) were compared in this study. 60 primigravida with a modified Bishop score of 4 or less and who had obstetric indications for induction of labor were randomly assigned into 4 groups: 1) extra-amniotic PG gel; 2) intravenous oxytocin; 3) intravaginal PG tablets; and 4) oral PG. Results are summarized in Table 2, while Table 3 presents the indications for Cesarian section in the various groups. Although improvement in cervical status was observed in all 4 groups, the single extra-amniotic application of PGE2 in viscous gel (group 1) provided the most satisfactory method of ripening the unfavorable cervix. All patients in group 1 had good labor and had significant decreases in the mean induction delivery interval and in the incidence of Cesarian section. Nevertheless, reliable criteria need to be developed to predict the effect of the ripening procedure and the optimal dose of PG to be instilled.
Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1978 Dec
PMID:A comparison of four methods of ripening the unfavourable cervix. 36 26

1 Synthetic analogues of oxytocin and of lysine-vasopressin with an hydroxyl group in either the L ro D configuration replacing the primary amino group have been tested for biological activity.2 [1-(L-2-Hydroxy-3-mercaptopropanoic acid)] oxytocin ([L-Hmp(1)]oxytocin) was 1.5 to 2 times more potent than oxytocin on the rat uterus in situ, the rat mammary strip and the rat mammary gland in situ and 3 times more potent on the rat isolated uterus.3 The pressor activity of [1-(L-2-hydroxy-3-mercaptopropanoic acid)-8-lysine]vasopressin ([L-Hmp(1), Lys(8)] vasopressin) was 2.2 and the antidiuretic activity 2.1 times that of lysine-vasopressin.4 The [D-Hmp(1)] analogues of oxytocin and vasopressin were much less potent than the [L-Hmp(1)] analogues.5 The responses to oxytocin and its hydroxy analogues in vivo were qualitatively indistinguishable but the pressor and antidiuretic responses to the hydroxy analogues of lysine-vasopressin were prolonged compared with those to the parent hormone.6 The hydroxy analogues of oxytocin and lysine-vasopressin were not inactivated by pregnancy plasma oxytocinase.7 The results are discussed in relation to the importance of the primary amino group for the biological activity and metabolism of the neurohypophysial hormones.
Br J Pharmacol 1979 Dec
PMID:Hydroxy analogues of oxytocin and of lysine-vasopressin. 51 8

Segmental epidural block was given to 60 primiparous women during vaginal delivery, and the effect of the block on the uterine activity was studied after the first epidural injection. The women were divided into two main groups, according to whether or not oxytocin was used for stimulating the uterine contractions, and three different local anaesthetics--lidocaine-adrenaline, bupivacaine-adrenaline and plain bupivacaine--were tested. There was a transitory decrease in uterine activity in all women after the block was applied. In women with normal uterine activity before the block, a return to almost pre-analgesic values was noted within 30 min after the block, whereas in women treated with oxytocin there was still a reduction of 15-17% at this time. The reduction was caused by a decreasing intensity and at the same time an increase in the variability of the intensity, manifested as an increase in the coefficient of variation for this variable. There were no significant differences between the local anaesthetic agents tested, but addition of adrenaline to the bupivacaine solution resulted in a more marked decrease in uterine activity in women treated with oxytocin.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1979 Dec
PMID:Effect of segmental epidural analgesia upon the uterine activity with special reference to the use of different local anaesthetic agents. 54 88

The author studied the uterine reactivity of alloxan-diabetic rats to oxytocin. Using the Magnus method with Ringer-Locke nutrient solution (modified by Garcia de Jalon) low in calcium and varying the bath temperature from 30 degrees C to 36 degrees C, modifications of the organ were observed. The dose-effect relationship was only practicable in uterus of normal rats at 30 degrees C. When the bath temperature reached 35 degrees C, it was only possible to evaluate the uterine reactivity of alloxan rats by fixed periods of rhythmical contractions, that were graphically represented. This modification in the experiment resulted from the absence of reactivity of the alloxanic rat organ at 30 degrees C. Besides describing the methodology applied, the author suggests a hypothesis about the role of Ca++ on the variation of uterine reactivity. A previous administration of diethylstilbestrol (estrogenic hormone) in alloxanic rats, not treated with insulin, was followed by recovery of uterine reactivity, reinforcing the hypothesis of the mobilization of Ca++ in discompensated alloxan-diabetic rats as a factor of variations on the sensibility of the tissues.
Rev Bras Pesqui Med Biol 1977 Dec
PMID:[Uterine reactivity of alloxan-diabetic rats to oxytocin (author's transl)]. 56 68

In order to test the function of fetoplacental unit 398 oxytocin challenge tests were performed on 280 patients who had exceeded the calculated date of delivery or where factors of risk were involved. 8% of the tests performed showed a positive result, 1% was suspect and 91% were negative. The figure of 20% of false-positive test results was relatively high compared to only 1.6% in the case of false-negative test results. In cases where the calculated date of delivery has been exceeded, pregnant women who showed a negative test result are kept under observation by us as out-patients, whilst patients whose oxytocin challenge test was positive are kept under close observation in hospital.
Med Klin 1977 Dec 02
PMID:[The clinical significance of the oxytocin challenge test (author's transl)]. 59 88

Plasma cortisol was measured in cord and neonatal blood. Cortisol concentration in neonates decreased rapidly during the first three days after delivery and thereafter remained at an almost constant level. The more the delivery was stressful, the higher the cortisol in the 1-day-old infant, but the concentration came down to the same level as in the less stressful delivery on the 3rd day of the infants' life. The cortisol level in vaginal delivery after spontaneous labor was not different from that in vaginal delivery after oxytocin induced labor. Cortisol in small-for-date infants or infants with hyperbilirubinemia was lower than in average-for-date infants or infants without hyperbilirubinemia.
Tohoku J Exp Med 1977 Dec
PMID:Plasma cortisol concentration in newborn infants. 60 42

Goats' milk includes numerous cell fragments ("christiesomes") which originate from the mammary secretory cells, contain well preserved endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and lipid droplets, and are responsible for the considerable triglyceride synthesising capacity of fresh goat milk. Cows' milk shows a few such particles only after repeated oxytocin-aided milkings. Cows' milk does contain quite different particles which have a dense content with a few small vesicles and numerous microvillus-like protrusions on one side ("sunbursts"). These have not been found in goats milk. Cytoplasmic particles similar to sunbursts have been found on the surface of the mammary secretory epithelium. It is suggested that they are residues of dead cells.
Cell Tissue Res 1977 Dec 28
PMID:"Sunbursts" and "christiesomes": cellular fragments in normal cow and goat milk. 60 67

It has been known for years that prostaglandins can be used to bring on labor. The authors experienced with alpha PGF2 by extraamiotic, intracavitary infusion. The group of 23 patients included 20 cases of incomplete abortion in the second trimester, 9 cases of intrauterine fetal death in the third trimester, and 1 case of vesicular mole. This method proved 82.6% successful: in 56.9% of cases the product of conception was expelled within 12 hours; in 26.5% of cases within 24 hours. Only in 4 cases, 17.4%, this method proved unsuccessful; oxytocin was used in 3 of these 4 cases. Hypertonia was evident immediately after infusion; uterine contractions, measured and registered with a tocograph, were frequent and increasingly intense. Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea were observed in 26.5% of cases; 1 patient had facial flush. These side effects were probably due to the low absorption of the drug into the circulation. Results obtained confirm others described in the literature on the subject.
Minerva Ginecol 1977 Dec
PMID:[Induction of labor in missed abortion, fetal death and vesicular mole, using PGF2 alpha by extra-amniotic intracavitary administration]. 60 2

The oxytocinase levels have been tested prior to, during and after oxytocin challenge tests in 42 pregnant women. There was no relation between labour and the activity of the enzyme. There was no change in the activity during and after oxytocin infusion. Repeated challenge tests did not change these results. The use of the oxytocinase as a parameter of placental function is not influenced by oxytocin infusions.
Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 1978 Dec
PMID:[The activity of L-cystine-aminopeptidase (oxytocinase) in the serum of pregnant women during intravenous application of oxytocin (author's transl)]. 73 20

Effects of estradiol on the release of prostaglandin-like substance (PG) from rat uterus was investigated. The amount of PG released into a medium that did not contain oxytocin was decreased by estradiol, but the release of PG was remarkably increased by the addition of oxytocin. No significant correlation was found in the relationship between PG release and uterine contraction in uterus of either the ovariectomized rat and that of the estradiol-injected rat. The amount of PG released from the uterus of ovariectomized rat and the uterus of 6 hours after estradiol injection was decreased by indomethacin. The PG release promoting action of oxytocin observed in estradiol-injected rat uterus disappeared completely with treatment of phospholipase C.
Jpn J Pharmacol 1978 Dec
PMID:Effects of estradiol and oxytocin on the release of prostaglandin-like substance from isolated rat uterus. 74 8


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