Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01178 (oxytocin)
 15,767 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In order to determine the strain differences in learning of swimming behavior and to study the influence of vasopressin or its derivatives on hemicholinium-3-induced impairment of water maze learning in mice, we designed a new apparatus using water maze which has three panels in small fish breeding water bath (L60 x W30 x H36 cm). In the first swimming, six strains of adult male mice, ICR, ddY, ddN, C3H/He, BALB/C and C57BL were subjected to learn swimming behavior twice a day for 6 d in a straight course. Only ICR, ddN, C57BL and BALB/C strain mice were chosen for the next experiment. In the second swimming, mice (ICR, ddN, C57BL, BALB/C) were swum in the water maze apparatus. Scopolamine-induced impairment of water maze learning was produced only in ICR, BALB/C mice, but not in C57BL and ddN strain, which was recovered by physostigmine. Amnesia was not obtained by intracerebroventricular injection (i.c.v.) of cycloheximide and AlCl3 in mice (ICR). Hemicholinium-induced amnesia was improved by vasopressin and desmopressin. Lysine-vasopressin and oxytocin were without affecting hemicholinium-induced amnesia. Pretreatment with a vasopressin antagonist, ([1-(beta-mercapto-beta,beta-cyclopenta-methylene propionic acid), 2-(o-methyl)tyrosine arginine]-vasopressin) resulted in a reversible effect on the improvement of hemicholinium-induced amnesia by vasopressin. Of four different strain mice, ICR mice were the most preferable to the presently used test. They were also more responsive to hemicholinium and vasopressin than the other strains. These results suggest that the simple water maze apparatus may be useful for a pre-examination of nootropics or a study of learning of swimming behavior in mice.
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PMID:[Strain differences of mice in learning of swimming behavior and effect of hemicholinium and vasopressin. Observation by a simple water maze apparatus]. 148 47

1. In the intact guinea-pig myometrium, carbachol and oxytocin stimulated a specific receptor-mediated phospholipase C activation, catalysing the breakdown of PtdIns(4,5)P2 with the sequential generation of InsP3, InsP2 and InsP. Stimulation of muscarinic receptors also triggered an inhibition of cyclic AMP accumulation caused by prostacyclin. 2. NaF plus AlCl3 mimicked the effects of carbachol and oxytocin by inducing, in a dose-dependent manner, the generation of all three inositol phosphates as well as uterine contractions. AlCl3 enhanced the fluoride effect, supporting the concept that A1F4- was the active species. Under similar conditions, fluoroaluminates activated the guanine nucleotide regulatory protein Gi, reproducing the inhibitory effect of carbachol on cyclic AMP concentrations. 3. Both carbachol- and oxytocin-mediated increases in inositol phosphates, as well as contractions, were insensitive to pertussis toxin, under conditions where the expression of Gi was totally prevented. Cholera toxin, which activates Gs and enhances cyclic AMP accumulation, failed to affect basal or oxytocin-evoked inositol phosphate generation, but induced a slight, though consistent, attenuation of the muscarinic inositol phosphate response, which was similarly evoked by forskolin. 4. The data provide evidence that, in the myometrium, (a) a G protein mediates the generation of inositol phosphates and the Ca2+-dependent contractile event, (b) the relevant G protein that most probably couples muscarinic and oxytocin receptors to phospholipase C is different from Gi and Gs, the proteins that couple receptors to adenylate cyclase, and (c) cyclic AMP does not seem to control the phosphoinositide cycle, but rather exerts a negative regulation at the muscarinic-receptor level.
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PMID:Fluoroaluminates mimic muscarinic- and oxytocin-receptor-mediated generation of inositol phosphates and contraction in the intact guinea-pig myometrium. Role for a pertussis/cholera-toxin-insensitive G protein. 284 25

Four experiments were conducted to determine whether phospholipase (PL) A2 mediates the stimulatory effect of oxytocin on the release of prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha from ovine endometrial tissue. Caruncular endometrial tissue was collected from ovariectomized ewes on the day after a steroid replacement protocol had been completed. The replacement protocol consisted of progesterone for 10 days (12 mg/day) followed by oestradiol on days 10 and 11 (100 micrograms/day) and had been shown previously to provide endometrial tissue that would release PGF2 alpha in response to oxytocin in vitro. In experiment 1, oxytocin (10(-7) M) and melittin (1.76 x 10(-6) M; a stimulator of PLA2) stimulated release of PGF2 alpha from tissue explants (P < 0.05). Aristolochic acid (10(-4) M; an inhibitor of PLA2) decreased oxytocin- and melittin-induced release of PGF2 alpha by 77% and 71% respectively (P < 0.05). Experiment 2 was conducted to establish the minimum inhibitory dose of aristolochic acid. Basal release of PGF2 alpha was inhibited at 10(-5) M aristolochic acid, but 10(-4) M was required to block the stimulatory effect of oxytocin. Experiment 3 was carried out to identify the precise intracellular locus at which aristolochic acid was exerting its effect. Oxytocin (10(-7) M), AlF4- (5 x 10(-2) M NaF, 10(-5) M AlCl3), melittin (1.76 x 10(-6) M) and arachidonic acid (AA; 20 micrograms/ml) stimulated release of PGF2 alpha (P < 0.05). Aristolochic acid (10(-4) M) blocked the release of PGF2 alpha stimulated by oxytocin, AlF4- or melittin by > 80% (P < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Cellular mechanisms mediating the stimulation of ovine endometrial secretion of prostaglandin F2 alpha in response to oxytocin: role of phospholipase A2. 807 48