Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P01178 (oxytocin)
 15,767 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Glutathione-insulin trandhydrogenase (GIT) activity has been shown to be stimulated in culture of explants of pregnant mouse mammary gland by a mixture of insulin, cortisol, and prolactin. Since this hormone mixture stimulates lactogenesis in vitro it is possible that the increase in GIT activity is functionally related to one of the processes of milk secretion or ejection. Oxytocin is degraded by GIT and the interaction of this hormone with its mammary gland receptors may be influenced by the change in enzyme activity. The increase in GIT activity caused by insulin, cortisol, and prolactin in vitro can be prevented by the addition of progesterone or oxytocin to the culture medium.
 ...
PMID:Glutathione-insulin transhydrogenase activity in pregnant mouse mammary gland: hormonal influences studied in tissue culture. 85 85

The influence of oraly administered synthetic oxytocin (Syntocinon, Sandoz) on the impotentia erectionis has been studied in a double-blind trial in comparison to placebo. Twenty-nine out-patients divided into 3 groups were treated for a minimum of 7 weeks. Nine patients were given 300 IU daily, ten patients 600 IU daily and further 10 patients placebo. The treatment with 300 IU of oxytocin daily has shown the best therapeutic results. The difference between this group and the placebo group was statistically significant regarding the overall parameters sexual interest and sexual capability (P less than 0.05) and P less than 0.10 respectively). The daily oral dose of 600 IU produced no significant therapeutic effect. Oxytocin in both dosage schedules was well tolerated and no untoward side effects were observed.
 ...
PMID:A new approach to the hormonal treatment of impotentia erectionis. 88 45

The uptake of the RNA precursor [3H] orotic acid by 18 brain regions of male rats was measured after intracarotid injection and a survival time of 15 s. Ocytocin added to the injected solutions (final concentrations: 1 to 1000 mU/ml) caused a dose-dependent enhancement of tracer uptake by 11 areas. Some of these regions (e.g. hippocampus) are thought to be involved in the behavioral effects of vasopressin and other peptide hormones (Van Wimersma Greidanus et al., 1975 a). Results of experiments in which the net uptake of tritiated water was used as a measure of relative blood flow led us to the conclusion that the blood-brain barrier permeability to [3H] orotic acid rather than the cerebral blood flow is changed by ocytocin. The present results support the assumption that the enhanced precursor supply caused by ocytocin might contribute to the influence of this peptide hormone on memory consolidation.
 ...
PMID:[Effect of oxytocin on regional 3H-orotic acid uptake in rat brain]. 92 28

Diabetes insipidus is an extremely rare condition complicating pregnancy. The deficiency in antidiuretic hormone production has led to the assumption that oxytocin synthesis may also be affected. For this reason spontaneous onset of labor in a number of previously reported cases has been considered as evidence against implicating oxytocin as a relevant factor in the evolution and maintenance of labor. For the first time, plasma oxytocin levels were determined in a patient with known idiopathic diabetes insipidus during pregnancy, labor, and postpartum, using radioimmunoassay. Oxytocin was not detectable in plasma before labor. There was however a surge of plasma oxytocin detected during labor and puerperium, a pattern somewhat similar to that seen in normal pregnancy. Our findings suggest that at least some patients with diabetes insipidus do secrete oxytocin and that the role of oxytocin, threfore, cannot be discounted in the labor process.
 ...
PMID:Plasma oxytocin determinations in pregnancy with diabetes insipidus. 94 Jun 35

The effect of dihydrostilbestrol diacetate and oxytocin on the Na+, K+, Ca++ and Mg++ content in uterine Wistar rats has been studied. A bilateral ovariectomy on the animals was performed. After seven days dihydrostibestrol (0.25 mg/kg a day) and oxytocine (0.025 U.I./kg a day) were administered separately and simultaneously i.p. during a period of five days. Twenty four hours after the first, third and fifth administration, five rats from each group were decapited and the above uterine cation content was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Dihydrostibestrol induced a marked increase and a slight decrease in K+ and Na+ contents respectively, lowering the Na/K ration. It also increased greatly Ca++ and Mg++ content. Oxytocin induced a Na+ and K+ increase, a Ca++ decrease, and slight changes in Mg++. These results partially confirmed the bioelectric and biomechanic alterations produced by the above hormones on the uterine cells.
 ...
PMID:[The effect of oxytocin and dihydrostilbestrol on various uterine cations (author's transl)]. 94 14

The influence of oxytocin on the electrical and mechanical activity of uterine smooth muscle strips was studied under voltage-clamp conditions. 1. At a concentration of 0.1 mU/ml, oxytocin caused a slight depolarization of the resting potential and also increased the amplitude of the action potential. The maximal frequency of the rhythmic activity, which can be produced by depolarizing current pulse, is increased by about 20%. 2. Oxytocin increased the peak of the inward current without modification of the reversal potential. This effect is enhanced in a sodium-free solution. With oxytocin the steady-state inactivation of the inward current is not modified and the increase in the current intensity can be related to an increase in the maximal conductance. The amplitude of the outward current is not affected. 3. The first component (phasic-like) of the contractile response obtained for brief depolarizations is increased by oxytocin. This effect may be explained by the increase in the intensity of the inward current. The second component (tonic-like) of the contraction associated with long-lasting depolarizations and obtained in manganese-containing solution is not modified. The increased frequency of the rhythmic activity after oxytocin administration may also result in increased contractility by summation.
 ...
PMID:Effects of oxytocin on ionic currents underlying rhythmic activity and contraction in uterine smooth muscle. 94 44

In of 707 pregnant women in the last five weeks of pregnancy a total of 1025 Oxytocin-Challenge Tests (OCT) were performed. Perinatal mortality in the toral material was 16,8% crude and 14,2% corrected. The results of the test were classified into three patterns: normal, borderline (or prepathological) and pathological. The main characteristics of these three patterns are described. Normal OCT was found in 84.9% of the tests and 83,7% of the cases. Borderline OCT was present in 8% of the tests and 7,7% of the cases. Finally pathological profiles were present in 7% and 8,4% respectively. The results of the OCT were compared with the perinatal mortality in the three groups and with the percentage of fetal distress intra partum. It is concluded that the OCT is perhaps the most accurate method to ascertain acute placental insufficiency pre partum. Even the more controversial borderline cases, have a clinical significance.
 ...
PMID:The oxytocin challenge test in the prognosis of high-risk labor. 96 Sep 63

Oxytocin and PGE2 (prostaglandin D 2) were administered to 2 groups of 20 women, 40 weeks pregnant, in order to induce labor. Labor duration was significantly shorter in the PGE2 group (2 hrs., 36 mins.) than among the oxytocin group (3 hrs., 26 mins.). The peak uterine pressure for PGE2 patients was significantly lower; the baseline uterine pressure was significantly greater, indicating more even labor contractions. There was a highly significant correlation between the interval from administration to the initial contraction and the total labor duration (p .005) and between the interval from administration to the beginning of regular contractions and the total labor duration (p .01) among the PGE2 patients. There was also a highly significant correlation (p .01) between the dosage/kg until the initial contraction and the total pregnancy duration and between the dosage/kg until the beginning of regular contractions and the total pregnancy duration for PGE2 patients. PGE2 patients showed a significantly faster cervical dilation (.05 p .1) and a significantly shorter interval between dilatation and delivery (p .05). PGE patients also showed a significantly shorter interval between the initial contractions and delivery and between the beginning of regular contractions and delivery. Also, a significant correlation between cervical dilatation and delivery was demonstrated among PGE2 patients. A significant correlation between cervical dilatation and the beginning of contractions was established only for oxytocin patients.
 ...
PMID:[Comparison of labour induction with intravenous prostaglandin E2 and intravenous oxytocin (author's transl)]. 97 23

Oxytocin (500 mu u) and vasopressin (50 mu u) were injected into the lateral ventricle and its effect on hypothalamic self-stimulation has been studied. Oxytocin increased, while vasopressin decreased the self-stimulation rate tested 10-20 min following application. The hypothalamic and mesencephalic serotonin content decreased slightly while plasma corticosterone content did not change 20 min after oxytocin and vasopressin administration compared to the injected control animals. The data suggest that vasopressin and oxytocin have an opposite effect on self-stimulation and this action is not mediated through the brain serotoninergic or pituitary-adrenocortical axis.
 ...
PMID:Effect of intraventricular oxytocin and vasopressin on self-stimulation in rats. 103 Dec 47

The 4 principle abortion techniques are 1) dilation and curettage (D and C), 2) vacuum aspiration, 3) amniocentesis (saline injection), and 4) hysterotomy. The curettage and vacuum methods are used in the first trimester of pregnancy. Both require dilation of the cervix. The fetal material is removed with a curette or suction applied to the uterine wall. First trimester abortions usually do not require hospitalization. No abortion should be performed between 12-14 weeks. After 14 weeks, ideally 20 weeks, amniocentesis is the preferred method. It is a more complicated procedure involving removal of amniotic fluid and replacement with hypertonic saline solution, resulting in fetal death and expulsion. Oxytocin may also be used to induce labor. Reported complications run from 5-15% Hospitalization is up to 48 hours. A hysterotomy requires exposure of the uterus by a surgical opening in the abdomen. The uterus is opened and fetal material delivered. Once a hysterotomy is performed, all other pregnancies must be delivered by caesarean section. The psychological considerations of abortion have not been carefully studied under the new laws. No clear consensus exists as to the psychological aftereffect of abortion. If a woman desires an abortion and does not receive one, there is a likelihood of psychological effects, as for a woman who does not desire an abortion and receives one. Conflict occurs only when a woman is not sure of her own decision. Moral considerations imposed by abortion service personnel will also set up a conflict for the patient. The abortion seeker must know her own attitudes regarding the sanctity of life and her social role as a woman and be psychologically prepared to actually arrange for the operation.
 ...
PMID:The advent of legal abortion and surgical abortion techniques. 103 93


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>