Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01178 (oxytocin)
 15,767 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nucleo-cytoplasmic transfer rates of RNA were used as indices of protein-synthetic activity in mammalian supraoptic and paraventricular neurones. Normal, dehydrated and lactating rats were exposed, for varying periods of time, to tritiated uridine, and autoradiographs obtained from hypothalamic blocks. Grain count and cytometry enabled a cytoplasmic/nuclear ratio of grain densities to be obtained for each neurosecretory nucleus. Comparison of these ratios, as well as the regression slopes for their increase with time of exposure to the isotope, indicated the presence of a differential response between the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei, with the former responding more to the stimulus of dehydration, and the latter to that of lactation. The observations substantiate the view that a partial division of labour exists between the two nuclei in the elaboration of each of the mammalian neurohypophysial octapeptides, vasopressin and oxytocin.
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PMID:Localization of functions in the magnocellular neurosecretory nuclei of the mammalian hypothalamus by autoradiography. 98 45

The contractile effects of 19 factors on isolated human arterial segments at term pregnancy were quantified, and 14 contractile agents were similarly applied to preterm (23 to 35 weeks) umbilical arteries. Responses to potassium chloride were used to normalize the data. At comparison with the term vessel, the preterm artery contracted more to angiotensin II and arachidonic acid and was more sensitive to oxytocin. Contractions were greater in term arteries to vasopressin, norepinephrine, prostaglandin D2, and prostaglandin E2 but similar in both group of arteries to bradykinin, histamine, acetylcholine, and prostaglandin F2 alpha. Neuropeptide Y, linoleic acid, uridine triphosphate, and thrombin were ineffective. Hyperoxia inconsistently induced weak, short-lived contractions. Contractions to cooling manifested marked desensitization and tachyphylaxis. Serotonin was the only agonist that displayed the pharmacodynamic features most likely to be important for closure: potency, efficacy, and long duration of action (greater than 2.5 hours). It was postulated that cellular elements surrounding umbilical vessels are primary sources of vasoactive agents that are important to closure of the fetoplacental circulation at birth.
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PMID:Pharmacodynamic study of maturation and closure of human umbilical arteries. 291 87

Fragments of the anterior hypothalamus that contain supraoptic nuclei and short axonal segments from adult guinea pigs have been kept in organ culture for up to 15 days. Electron micrographs displayed intact nuclei, Nissl substance, Golgi bodies, and an ultrastructure characteristic of viable neurosecretory cells; by contrast, the surrounding neurophil showed extensive degeneration. The cultured hypothalamic tissues of the guinea pig that were pulsed with [(3)H]uridine incorporated label into the RNA of neurosecretory neurons, as determined by radioautography and chemical analysis. Furthermore, and most important, these cells retained a complement of hormones and the ability to incorporate (3)H- and (35)S-labeled amino acids into vasopressin, neurophysin, and other polypeptides. This incorporation was inhibited by either puromycin or cycloheximide.
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PMID:Supraoptic neurosecretory neurons of the guinea pig in organ culture. Biosynthesis of vasopressin and neurophysin. 528 57