Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01178 (oxytocin)
 15,767 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Post-partum hemorrhage is a serious complication in obstetric practice. The aim of this study was to investigate, in vivo, the effects of 15 methyl-prostaglandin F2 alpha (Prostinfenem, Upjohn, Sweden) on uterine activity and hemorrhage. Twenty-seven women were included in the study and, in accordance with our clinical routine, all were given oxytocin (10 IE Syntocinon) intramuscularly immediately after delivery. In cases of heavy bleeding and signs of uterine atony, ethylergometrine (0.2 mg Methergin) and oxytocin (40 i.e. Syntocinon in 500 ml, 5.5% glucose) were administered intravenously. If this therapy failed, the woman was given an intravenous infusion of 15-methyl-prostaglandin F2 alpha (0.25 mg Prostinfenom, in 500 ml, 5.5% glucose). Myometrial activity was quantitated in 5 women by a micro-transducer introduced into the uterine cavity. The treatment resulted in a contracted uterus and cessation of bleeding within 12.5 min (mean). The intra-uterine pressure registered a prompt effect regarding both amplitude and frequency of uterine contractions.
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PMID:Intravenous infusion of 15 methyl-prostaglandin F2 alpha (Prostinfenem) in women with heavy post-partum hemorrhage. 261 24

Six dairy cows were treated before milkings with either oxytocin (Pitocin, 20 i.u.) or ACTH (Synacthen, 150 i.u.), principally to determine their effect on the ratio of citrate: lactoferrin concentrations in the milk. With ACTH treatment, after 3 d milk yield and citrate concentration decreased significantly, lactoferrin and bovine serum albumin (BSA) concentrations increased significantly. Somatic cell counts (SCC) increased temporarily in the milk of three of the cows which previously had greater than 100 000 cells/ml. Lactoferrin yield remained fairly constant but citrate yield was significantly reduced. The citrate: lactoferrin molar ratio decreased from 1373 to 606. With oxytocin treatment, after 4 d milk yield first increased and then significantly decreased, citrate concentration decreased significantly while there were no significant changes in lactoferrin or BSA concentration or in the yield of any other milk constituents. The citrate: lactoferrin molar ratio decreased from 1621 to 1301. There were no significant changes in SCC either during treatment or 4 d after treatment but there was a significant rise at 16 d after treatment. It was concluded that in lactating cows both hormones affected citrate and lactoferrin concentrations in the direction that would improve the antibacterial properties of milk, but that this was accompanied by adverse effects on milk secretion. The extent of the change was not sufficient to be likely to produce inhibition of coliform bacteria.
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PMID:Effect of ACTH and oxytocin treatment on lactoferrin and citrate in cows' milk. 299 89

A double-blind, placebo-controlled, prospective investigation was undertaken to determine whether the outpatient administration of prostaglandin E2 gel was helpful for ripening the cervix in postdate pregnancies. One hundred eighteen women with an uncomplicated pregnancy at or beyond 42 weeks' gestation with an unripe cervix (Bishop score less than or equal to 5) were randomly administered a single dose of gel containing either 2.5 mg prostaglandin E2 (n = 55) or a placebo (n = 63) before induction of labor with Pitocin. No side effects were detected in these healthy mothers and fetuses. A distinct change in Bishop score after 12 hours occurred more often in the prostaglandin E2 than in the placebo group (42% versus 6%, p less than 0.0001). Forty-four women (80%) who had received prostaglandin E2 were admitted in early labor; they required little or no oxytocin for augmentation. The duration of labor and maximum dose of oxytocin infused were significantly decreased in the prostaglandin E2 group, and forceps delivery or primary cesarean sections were performed less often when prostaglandin E2 was used (24% versus 44%, p less than 0.05). The outpatient administration of a single dose of prostaglandin E2 gel is safe in the uncomplicated postdate pregnancy and was found to significantly change the unripe cervix, enhance the onset of labor, minimize the need for oxytocin administration, and encourage a spontaneous vaginal delivery.
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PMID:Outpatient cervical ripening with prostaglandin E2 gel in uncomplicated postdate pregnancies. 328 98

1. Certain commercial preparations of oxytocin have been reported to reverse the development of pale soft exudative meat and malignant hyperpyrexia (MH) in pigs in vitro. 2. In this study it is shown that preservative-free oxytocin has no significant effect on the characteristic contractures of MH susceptible (MHS) muscle to halothane, caffeine, succinylcholine and KCl in vitro. 3. Whilst a commercial preparation of oxytocin, Syntocinon (containing chlorbutol as preservative), reversed and prevented the MHS characteristic responses, this study demonstrates conclusively that this was entirely due to the preservative chlorbutol.
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PMID:The effect of oxytocin on porcine malignant hyperpyrexia susceptible skeletal muscle. 343 5

A total number of 154 pregnant patients were treated with one of 3 buccal/oral preparations (Pitocin, Sandopart buccal tablets of 200 and 50 IU of oxytocin, resp., and Prostin oral tablet of 0.5 mg PGE2) in order to induce labour. Standardization of the cases was done on the basis of Bishop score, parity, success of induction and dose schedules. Gestational ages varied from 37 to 42 weeks. The criterion of successful induction was establishment of labour with at least 5 cm cervical dilatation by 12 hours. All the three drugs gave equally good results and comparable that of oxytocin drip. Vaginal delivery rates were for Pitocin, Sandopart, and Prostin 94.4, 96.7 and 91.9 per cent, respectively. In none of the cases were in serious danger either mother or foetus, therefore oral and buccal drugs are recommended for induction of labour, wherever favourable cervical maturity is established, with remarkable convenience to the patients.
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PMID:Buccal and oral drugs: induction of labour. 346 41

An open-label study was undertaken to assess the clinical impact of multiple doses of intacervical prostaglandin E2 (0.5mg) gel administered at 6-hour intervals. 50 women in Canada with low Bishop scores requiring induction of labor were recruited. The prestudy mean Bishop score was 2.3 +or-1.1 and changed significantly with 1 (p 0.001), 2 (p 0.001), and 3 (p 0.002) doses. The mean gestational age of patients receiving 3 doses was significantly less than that of patients receiving 1 dose, (38.5 versus 40.1 weeks, p 0.005). Prostaglandin E2 gel induced labor in 55% of patients, but 14% required subsequent oxytocin (Syntocinon) augmentation. Cesarean section was performed in 6% of patients. No deleterious fetal, neonatal, or maternal effects occurred. 80% of the study group fell into the categories of postmaturity, pregnancy-induced hypertension, and intrauterine growth retardation. There appeared to be a trend toward a higher mean change in Bishop score from 6 to 12 hours in the primiparous women, but a statistically significant difference was not achieved. Surgical amniotomy was performed in 25 patients after labor was established. 47 of the patients achieved vaginal delivery. 3 Cesarean sections were performed because of cord prolapse, fetal distress, and failure to progress. Postpartum hemorrhage occurred in 3 patients.
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PMID:Clinical utility of multiple-dose administration of prostaglandin E2 gel. 346 15

Basal levels of immunoreactive oxytocin (OT) were measured in plasma of healthy pregnant women using two antisera to OT, Pitt Ab-1 and Pitt Ab-2, and an antiserum to arginine vasotocin, Tor AVT Ab. The mean (+/- SEM) level of immunoreactive OT Pitt Ab-1 was significantly higher, 7.7 +/- 0.9 microU/mL, than immunoreactive OT Pitt Ab-2, 0.9 +/- 0.2 microU/mL, P less than .001 measured in the same samples. AVT immunoreactivity in plasma of nonpregnant individuals was 0.8 +/- 0.16 pg/mL and in plasma of women in late pregnancy was 5.0 +/- 0.4 pg/mL. In four pregnant women receiving an infusion of synthetic OT (Pitocin, Parke-Davis, Morris Plains, NJ) a linear correlation was found between the dose of OT infused and the concentration of OT in plasma in samples measured with Pitt Ab-2, but no correlation was found in the same samples measured with Pitt Ab-1. Immunoreactive OT Pitt Ab-1 in plasma was not destroyed by a 60-minute incubation with pregnancy plasma. Pooled plasma from pregnant women was separated by reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). OT Pitt Ab-1 and Tor AVT immunoreactivities in pregnancy plasma eluted in a position separate from synthetic OT. The differences found in levels of immunoreactive OT in the same samples of plasma measured with two antisera to OT illustrate an important reason why levels of OT in pregnant women may be reported to be variable among laboratories.
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PMID:The plasma of pregnant women contains a novel oxytocin-vasotocin-like peptide. 372 53

Deceleration of the fetal heart rate are indications of fetal distress, which are commonly seen in connection with uterine contractions. The aim of the investigation was, whether nasal application of oxytocin (Syntocinon, Sandoz AG) is sufficient for the induction of contractions for an oxytocin-challenge-test. 232 oxytocin-challenge-tests in 85 risk patients between 29th-42nd week of gestation were analyzed in a retrospective and prospective way. The amounts of oxytocin nasal spray necessary for stimulating contractions were compared to the gestational age and maternal body weight (1 spray snuff = 4 IU Oxytocin). 20 pregnant women were given 8 IU oxytocin nasal spray after 10 minutes CTG-registration without any contractions. The incidence of induced contractions per ten minutes period were calculated. The amount of oxytocin nasal spray necessary for the stimulation of contractions decreased in relation to the increased gestational age and maternal body weight (oxytocin spray = 2.751-0.051 X (gestational age)-0.014 X (body weight), p less than 0.01). After a single application of 8 IU oxytocin nasal spray at least one contraction occurred in 13 out of 20 cases within the first 10 minutes. Between the 20th-30th minute the induced uterine contractions reached a maximum of 3 contractions per 10 minutes. No persisting contractions were observed. The application of 8 IU of oxytocin nasal spray is sufficient to induce in about 95% of the cases an oxytocin-challenge-test which gives information concerning the actual state of the fetus at risk.
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PMID:[The uterine contraction stress test with oxytocin nasal spray in the diagnosis of hypoxemia]. 381 48

A case of an allergic reaction to Syntocinon (synthetic oxytocin) administered during Caesarean section is reported.
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PMID:Anaphylactoid reaction to oxytocin in pregnancy. 402 68

In a group of 20 matched primigravid patients labour was induced by forewater amniotomy followed by intravenous oxytocin (Syntocinon) administered in escalating doses. Ten of these patients, in a double-blind trial, also received prostaglandin E(2) infused simultaneously with the oxytocin. In the combined prostaglandin-oxytocin group there was a noticeable reduction in the dosage of oxytocin required to produce effective uterine action, and the duration of labour was also reduced. No side effects were observed.
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PMID:Induction of labour by simultaneous intravenous administration of prostaglandin E 2 and oxytocin. 456 49


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