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Query: UNIPROT:P01178 (oxytocin)
 15,767 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The successful termination of 19 consecutive late 1st and 2nd trimester pregnancies using a combination of intravenous prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and oxytocin (Syntocinon) is reported. PGE2 (5 mg in 500 ml of 5% glucose) was initially infused at the rate of 2.5 mcg/minute and then increased to 5 mcg/minute after half an hour. The infusion was increased to a maximum of 10 mcg/minute. Oxytocin was infused 2 hours after the PGE2 at a constant rate of 128 mU/minute. Mean total dose of PGE2 used was 5.9 mg at an overall rate of 6.1 mcg/minute. Average induction/delivery interval was 16 hours, with only 1 patient taking more than 24 hours. Abortion was complete in 13 cases (68%). Vomiting occurred in 13 women; pain was minor and was controlled by pethidine. Mild and transient thrombophlebitis was also reported. There were no reported cases of diarrhea and or cervical damage. Compared to the use of intravenous PG alone, PG given intraamniotically alone or with intravenous oxytocin, and PG given extraamniotically alone or with intravenous oxytocin, this study shows that a combination of intravenous PGE2 and oxytocin at the dose level described is closer to meeting all the desired criteria for the acceptability of any abortion method (ease and safety of administration, side effects, lengths of induction delivery interval, and effectiveness in terms of success rate and uterine evacuation).
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PMID:Letter: Intravenous prostaglandins and oxytocin for mid-trimester abortion. 4 97

The hyperthermic effect of purified lipopolysaccharides (Pyrexal, Wander) was tested and analyzed in pregnant rabbits. The fever produced premature deliveries - probably caused by oxytocin, released from the posterior pituitary - in 50% of 40 tested rabbits on the 31st day of gestation. Injections of Syntocinon had a roughly equally strong effect. In control animals injection of saline did not accelerate delivery. The offspring of several animals, in which hyperthermia had been induced, were born dead. Fever during pregnancy thus can result in premature delivery and in injury to the fetus. Fever and febrile conditions occurring during pregnancy should therefore be treated as promptly and as effectively as possible.
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PMID:Fever and parturition. An experimental study in rabbits. 26 38

The haemodynamic effects of oxytocin (Syntocinon) and methyl ergometrin (Methergin) were studied in 9 healthy females in the first trimester of pregnancy. The patients were anaesthetized with sodium thiomebumal, pethidine and pancuronium bromide and ventilated on a Manley respirator. 10 i.u. oxytocin given as an i.v. bolus brought about a fall in femoral arterial pressure of 40%, systemic resistance 59% and pulmonary resistance 44% 30 sec after injection. However, the heart rate increased 31% and stroke volume 17%, so that the cardiac output increased by 54%. The pulmonary arterial pressure and wedge pressure were increased by 33% and 35%, respectively 150 sec after injection. No changes were seen in the haemodynamic parameters during infusion of 80 mU oxytocin for 10 min. 0.2 mg Methergin brought about an increase in the femoral arterial pressure of 11%, pulmonary arterial pressure 27% and wedge pressure 31%, with no changes in the other measured parameters. The use of oxytocic drugs in patients with compromised circulation is discussed.
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PMID:Haemodynamic effects of oxytocin (syntocinon) and methyl ergometrine (methergin) on the systemic and pulmonary circulations of pregnant anaesthetized women. 63 63

The influence of oraly administered synthetic oxytocin (Syntocinon, Sandoz) on the impotentia erectionis has been studied in a double-blind trial in comparison to placebo. Twenty-nine out-patients divided into 3 groups were treated for a minimum of 7 weeks. Nine patients were given 300 IU daily, ten patients 600 IU daily and further 10 patients placebo. The treatment with 300 IU of oxytocin daily has shown the best therapeutic results. The difference between this group and the placebo group was statistically significant regarding the overall parameters sexual interest and sexual capability (P less than 0.05) and P less than 0.10 respectively). The daily oral dose of 600 IU produced no significant therapeutic effect. Oxytocin in both dosage schedules was well tolerated and no untoward side effects were observed.
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PMID:A new approach to the hormonal treatment of impotentia erectionis. 88 45

1. Vaginal dilatation for 30 seconds caused a rapid and brief increase in intramammary pressure which was equivalent to that evoked by 160 muU of oxytocin (Syntocinon) injected intravenously. 2. The rise in mammary pressure induced by the stimulation of the central end of a severed vagus nerve for 30 seconds (5 V, 0,5 ms, 50 HZ) was similar to the response obtained with an intravenous injection of 360 muU of oxytocin. 3. The vago-pituitary reflex leads to the liberation of large amounts of antidiuretic hormone which does not interfere with the effect of oxytocin on the mammary gland, since dexamethasone phosphate prevented the vasopressor effect without significantly affecting the increase in intramammary pressure.
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PMID:[Level of oxytocin release induced by vaginal dilatation (Ferguson reflex) and vagal stimulation (vago-pituitary reflex) in lactating rats (author's transl)]. 120 94

Intravenous injection of synthetic oxytocin (Syntocinon) causes a fall of blood pressure in rabbit. The hypotensive response was potentiated after vagotomy and atropine. Beta-adrenergic and 5-HT blockers reduced the hypotensive response to oxytocin. Hypotensive response of oxytocin in rabbit involves two factors, activation of beta-adrenergic receptor and release of 5-HT.
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PMID:An analysis of hypotensive effect of synthetic oxytocin in rabbit. 136 37

Eight hundred and nineteen patients were evaluated at greater than or equal to 280 days' gestation. All patients underwent nonstress test (NST) and breast stimulation to induce contraction stress test (CST), except where contraindicated. If CST was nonqualifying (less than three contractions per ten minutes), Pitocin (oxytocin) was used to complete the CST if there was a nonreactive NST. Delivery was instituted for any abnormal CST, even with a reactive NST, based on the last test within seven days of delivery. There were 747 reactive NST and 72 nonreactive NST. Breast stimulation for CST was done in 655 instances--315 (48 per cent) had nonqualifying CST and 340 (52 per cent) had qualifying CST. There was an increased incidence of induction in the nonqualifying CST group and abnormal CST group. There were no statistically significant differences in perinatal outcomes in the group with reactive NST, irrespective of the CST result. There were no antepartum fetal deaths.
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PMID:Prospective evaluation of the contraction stress and nonstress tests in the management of post-term pregnancy. 159 28

3,300 women were delivered between January 1986 and July 1990 inclusive. 1,267 of them had no pathology and 341 were induced for a pathological reason. Our attitude is to suggest systematically to every pregnant woman that her labour can be programmed to the time that she reaches the middle of the 39th week of amenorrhea providing she is sure of her dates and that the cervix is favourable. Labour is induced by using the electric pump to administer Syntocinon and by rupturing the membranes early. If an epidural anaesthetic is anticipated this is carried out during the first hour after induction. This policy does not bring about premature labours (the mean duration of amenorrhoea was 39.73 weeks) and it does not involve long labours (the mean total duration of labour was 5.68 hours and 7 hours for primipara) 1 UI Oxytocin was delivered per hour. In the group where labours were induced the Caesarean section rate at 6.35% was lower than those who went into labour spontaneously. There were fewer Cesareans for acute fetal distress. Five children had to be transferred to the Paediatric unit and one died after major fetal distress at 9 cms, 48 hours after delivery. The series shows that it is possible to have a policy for programming labour and increasing the comfort of the parturient and controlling her labour. Furthermore, the work of the staff in the labour ward and its staff are helped.
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PMID:[Computer programming for delivery. Evaluation of 5 years of activity and 1,752 inductions of labor]. 181 Oct 12

A study was conducted on 40 buffalo-cows, assigned randomly, immediately after calving into three groups: group I (n = 10) injected with saline and taken as control; group II (n = 15) received 25 mg PGF2 alpha/animal (Lutalyse); group III (n = 15) received 25 mg PGF2 alpha + 25 i.u. oxytocin/animal (Syntocinon), single i.m. dose. Oxytocin and/or PGF2 alpha significantly (P less than 0.01) shortened the interval from calving to first service (38.33 and 31.53 days for groups II and III respectively, versus 91.60 days for controls). The treatment reduced the service period (38.29 and 35.87 days for groups II and III respectively, versus 45.40 days for controls). Concomitantly a significant (P less than 0.01) decrease in the open-days post partum was achieved (76.62 and 67.40 days for groups II and III respectively, versus 137.00 days for controls). In addition, the treated buffaloes needed significantly (P less than 0.01) fewer services per conception (1.67 and 1.20 S/C for groups II and III respectively) than the untreated ones (2.70 S/C), besides a substantial improvement (P less than 0.01) in their conception rate either at 60 or 85 days post partum. Significantly improved (P less than 0.05) results were obtained in the oxytocin and PGF2 alpha treated animals, than in those receiving PGF2 alpha alone for all the previous parameters, except for the service period. Buffaloes therefore seemed to respond better to such treatment than dairy cows.
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PMID:Role of oxytocin and/or PGF2 alpha on breeding efficiency in buffaloes. 227 15

In early studies of salt transport across frog and toad skin, it was assumed that chloride movement is extracellular. However, later studies suggested that chloride movement is largely transcellular. Chloride transport across toad skin is greatly diminished in skins of salt-acclimated toads (Bufo viridis) and was correlated with the number of mitochondria-rich (m.r.) cells in the epithelium. The activated chloride conductance could be recovered upon in vitro incubation with theophylline. It was found that the short-circuit current (Isc) and the chloride conductance (Gcl) in toad skin could be separated experimentally by selective use of synthetic oxytocin (Syntocinon) or theophylline, and by substituting impermeable anions for chloride. With the use of the vibrating probe we demonstrated directly that chloride-dependent peak currents are localized only over m.r. cells, under hyperpolarized (V = -100 mV) conditions. It is concluded that the m.r. cells form the principal site for passive chloride movement across amphibian skin. This cellular pathway is regulated through a cyclic AMP-mediated process. It is suggested that the spatial separation of the sodium and chloride channels is essential to maintain the granulosum cells which are engaged in sodium transport hyperpolarized, and thus providing the driving force for the sodium entry into the cells.
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PMID:The role of mitochondria-rich cells in the chloride current conductance across toad skin. 242 66


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