Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01178 (oxytocin)
 15,767 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

PZ-177 was found to have potent analgesic, anti-inflammatory and mild central depressive actions. In the present work, the general pharmacological actions of PZ-177 were tested in order to investigate other significant actions and to determine the side effects. PZ-177 showed no significant pharmacological activities on the respiratory and cardiovascular system, on the renal function, on the autonomic nervous system, on the sugar level and coagulation in blood and on local irritation. Volume and acidity of gastric juice were decreased and turn over was not inhibited in the connective tissure. Thus PZ-177 was considered to have no ulcerogenic action on the gastric mucosa. The compound relaxed the tonus of isolated small intestine, tracheal muscles and uterus and stopped spontaneous movement. Moreover the contraction of those smooth muscles by such spasmogens as acetylcholine, histamine serotonin, BaCl2 and oxytocin was inhibited by PZ-177 and the activity was almost the same with each spasmogen. It was found therefore to have spasmolytic activity and no specific antagonistic action on the chemical mediators. PZ-177 showed also wear relaxant activity on the skeletal muscle. Those actions on the muscles may have a curative effect on inflammation in bronchotracheal and gastrointestinal tracts or on pain with contraction of skeletal muscle. From the above results, it may be considered that PZ-177 is a relatively safe and useful analgesic and anti-inflammatory compound.
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PMID:[General pharmacological actions of l-(m-chlorophenyl)-3-N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl-5-methoxypyrazole (PZ-177)]. 98 49

It has been reported that intra-amniotic administration of 15-methyl PGF2a (prostaglandin F2alpha) for abortion results in a high level of uterine contractility, a high rate of success, and a low incidence of side effects. This study assesses the abortifacient activity of 15-methyl PGF2alpha administered intramuscularly in 80 healthy women aged 14 to 40 with gestational ages between 8 and 22 weeks. 56 patients were nulliparious. Transabdominal intra-amniotic pressure monitoring was used to measure uterine contractility and to establish an effective dose schedule. 350 to 520 mcg of 15-methyl PGF2a were administered intramuscularly at 2-hour intervals until the onset of abortion. Intravenous oxytocin was infused in 6 cases to facilitate passage of retained placental tissue. Medications were given to reduce diarrhea, vomiting, and pain. All patients aborted. Total drug dose ranged from 900 to 8400 mcg; mean dose was 3254.32 mcg. Duration of treatment ranged from 4 to 34 hours. Induction-abortion time ranged from 5.5 to 35 hours, with mean interval of 15.70 hours. 89% of the patients experienced gastrointestinal side effects. 14 patients had temperature elevation more than or equal to 100.6 degrees F. There were no significant complications. The 15-methyl PGF2a patients were matched with 80 gravidas who had abortion using PGE2 20 mg vaginal suppositories. There were no statistical differences in interval to abortion between the 2 groups.
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PMID:Interruption of pregnancy by prostaglandin 15-methyl F2alpha. 114

Neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia is increasing in frequency. In view of conflicting evidence about the possible causes, retrospective analyses have been carried out among babies born during six months of 1974. Preliminary analysis confirmed the over-riding importance of preterm birth (before 37 weeks), but only one of 17 such cases could be attributed to ill-judged artificial induction of labor. For the main analysis, the incidence of eight possibly relevant antecedent factors was compared in 46 cases of hyperbilirubinaemia (unconjugated bilirubin more than 15 mg per 100 ml in term babies and more than 13 mg per 100 ml in some preterm babies) and in 92 controls matched for sex and gestational age. Induction of labour by "primary" oxytocin infusion and artificial rupture of the membranes was very significantly more common in the index cases (p less than 0-01), but there was no difference in the incidence of "secondary" oxytocin, used to accelerate spontaneous labour. Evidence of uterin unresponsiveness suggests that the natural onset of labour was being anticipated by at least some days in many of the index cases and this could prevent the natural "priming" of the fetal enzyme systems. An excess of epidural analgesia in the mothers of the index cases was probably due to its association with the need for pain relief during "primary" oxytocin infusions. The higher incidence of postnatal weight loss in the index cases presumably contributed to the hyperbilirubinaemia.
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PMID:Factors affecting the increasing incidence of severe non-haemolytic neonatal jaundice. 119

Epidural anaesthesia was given to nine parturients who were considered candidates for delivery by caesarena section due to prolonged exhaustive labour. Upon pain relief and oxytocin infucion guided by cardiotocography, vaginal delivery took place. Delivery was spontaneous in seven cases, two were instrumentally delivered. It is concluded that an efficient epidural block tends to restore uterine contractility by reducing the inhibitory influences exerted by adrenergic mechanisms and unfavourable changes in the acid-base balance.
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PMID:Epidural anaesthesia as an alternative to caesarean section in the treatment of prolonged, exhaustive labour. 121 Oct 73

The effect of oxytocin (OT) and cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) on EA analgesia was studied in rats. The increase of 20.8-39.8% and 9.0-45.0% in pain threshold was observed respectively when ICV of CCK-8 or naloxone was combined with EA, these increases were lower than that in saline-EA group significantly, while the simultaneous ICV of OT and CCK-8 or OT and naloxone in combination with EA produced the increase of 76.2-116.6% and 41.8-104.5% in pain threshold separately. These results showed that only a small part in the role of OT enhancing EA analgesia was blocked by CCK-8 and naloxone. The data suggest that the role of OT in EA was not entirely dependent upon the endogenous opiate peptides.
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PMID:[Effect of oxytocin and cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) on electroacupuncture (EA) analgesia]. 128 28

Obstetrician/gynecologists compared the efficacy, side effects, and complications of the 3-hour regimen of 1 mg gemeprost for inducing abortion with those of the 6-hour regimen of 1 mg gemeprost in 100 women of at least 16 years of age and of 12-18 weeks gestational age at the Simpson Memorial Maternity Pavilion in Edinburgh, Scotland. The 3-hour regimen decreased the induction-abortion interval by 1 hour (15.9 vs. 16.9), but this reduction was insignificant. All 50 women who received gemeprost vaginal pessaries every 3 hours aborted within 48 hours, while 10% who received them every 6 hours did not abort. The cumulative abortion rate at 24 hours was essentially the same for both groups (88% vs. 82%). Women who expelled the conceptus within 24 hours, and on the 6-hour regimen, required considerably fewer pessaries than those on the 3-hour regimen (median 3 vs. 5; p .01). Multiparous women needed fewer pessaries than did primiparous women, but the difference was not significant. Further, women in the 6-hour gemeprost group required significantly fewer pessaries than those in the 3-hour group (p .01). Women in the 3-hour group were just as likely as those in the 6-hour group to experience diarrhea (0.7 vs. 0.98), vomiting (0.7 vs. 0.6), or ask for pain killers (0.9 vs. 1.1). Women in the 3-hour group were twice as likely to retain the placenta than those in the 6-hour group (40% vs. 20%; p .05). Considerably more women in the 6-hour group needed intravenous oxytocin to induce abortion (16% vs. 4%; p .05). These results suggested that physicians should administer gemeprost pessaries every 6 hours within the first 24 hours as a clinically efficacious and cost-efficacious and cost-effective means to induce abortion.
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PMID:An open study comparing two regimens of gemeprost for the termination of pregnancy in the second trimester. 131 41

A 30-year old primigravida with a history of drug addiction came to the Rigshospitalet in Copenhagen, Denmark for prenatal care at 15 weeks gestation. Physicians did an amniocentesis because of family history of trisomy 21. Ultrasound examinations in the 17th and 18th weeks of gestation indicated a living fetus with the placenta on the right lateral wall of the uterus, but there was an insufficient amount of amniotic fluid. Maternal alpha fetoprotein serum levels were extremely high (298 kIU/L). Physicians predicted a poor fetal prognosis and advised the woman to undergo an abortion. On the first day, they inserted 4 vaginal pessaries of 1 mg gemeprost and administered 25-30 mg bupivacain through an epidural catheter to control abdominal pain. 8 hours after first insertion, they began intravenous (IV) administration of oxytocin. Her cervix remain closed and uterine tension did not increase. 2 hours after beginning the oxytocin IV, she suffered from an abrupt severe abdominal pain which was transferred to the right shoulder. Heart rate and blood pressure remained normal. 4 hours later, her body temperature rose, so she received 500 m pivampicillin 3 times/day. She experienced no vaginal bleeding and no uterine contractions. Her cervix had still no opened. On the third day, health workers inserted 5 more pessaries. On the fourth day, they administered 75 ml isotonic saline/hour transcervically, but she still did not abort. Her temperature vacillated even though she received antibiotics and the pain continued despite epidural analgesics. On day 5, health workers administered 3.75 mcg prostaglandin F2 alpha/minute transcervically. After 6 hours of no progress, they performed a laparotomy and observed a macerated, malodorous fetus in the peritoneal cavity which continued 1200 ml of blood. The medial part of the left fallopian tube an the left uterine corner had ruptured. They removed the fetus via wedge resection; it had no malformations. Physicians should consider ectopic pregnancy when attempts at induced abortion do not succeed.
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PMID:Misdiagnosis of interstitial pregnancy followed by uterine cornual rupture during induced midtrimester abortion. 132 30

A new hypothesis is presented for the first time to explain the etiology of osteoporosis. Prostaglandins (E2 and F2 alpha) at precise concentrations, have been observed to be involved in bone formation. A close association exists between levels of prostaglandins (E2 and F2 alpha) demonstrated in the neonatal mouse leading to bone formation, with estimated prostaglandins (E2 and F2 alpha) concentrations reported in man. Several hormones (vasopressin, oxytocin, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, cortisol, estradiol, and testosterone) can indirectly affect prostaglandin formation leading to reduced bone formation. The association between these hormones and prostaglandins (E2 and F2 alpha) explains the physiological mechanism whereby estradiol can be effective for the treatment of osteoporosis. This association also explains the etiology of lumbar spondylitis/spondylodynia, reasons for complaints of increased pain in wet cold weather among arthritics and a multitude of other events. Mechanisms related to this interaction between various hormones and the effect of prostaglandins (E2 and F2 alpha) on bone formation are discussed.
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PMID:New clues into the etiology of osteoporosis: the effects of prostaglandins (E2 and F2 alpha) on bone. 132 11

The Asu-AVT (1,6-aminosuberic acid -8-arginine-vasotocin) in an analogue of 8-arginine-vasotocin (AVT) which is one of pineal hormones. The effect of Asu-AVT on the pain threshold and EA analgesia was studied in rats. An increase of 16.2-41.5% in pain threshold was observed within 70 min. after ivc of Asu-AVT (75ng), while the Asu-AVT injection in combination with EA produced a significant increase of 164.6-309.1% in pain threshold, which was much higher than that in the saline-EA group (p < 0.05-0.01). The effect of Atu-AVT is analogous to that of oxytocin and arginine-vasopressin. The data indicate ivc of ASu-AVT not only elevates the pain threshold, but also enhances the EA analgesia. These results suggest that the pineal hormone, AVT may play a role in the EA analgesia.
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PMID:[Effect of Asu-AVT on electroacupuncture (EA) analgesia]. 133 26

To evaluate the symptoms and signs of scar rupture with special reference to intrauterine pressure measurement a retrospective analysis of labour records of those women who had trial of labour with a previous Caesarean scar in the National University Hospital over a period of 6 years (1985-1990) was carried out. Known symptoms and signs associated with scar rupture, cardiotocographic tracings and fetal and maternal outcome in these patients were studied. Of the 1,018 women with previous Caesarean scar (4.2% of our pregnant population at term) 722 (70.9%) had trial of labour; 70% delivered vaginally. There were 4 (0.55%) incomplete and 5 (0.69%) complete scar ruptures. All 9 women had an oxytocin infusion; 3 were diagnosed postdelivery (all 3 had complete ruptures); 3 of the 6 who had rupture prior to delivery had sudden reduction in uterine activity, 1 had scar pain and prolonged bradycardia and 2 had no symptoms or signs. Continuous cardiotocography with intrauterine pressure measurements may help to identify scar rupture early and may be of value especially in those who have an oxytocin infusion.
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PMID:Symptoms and signs with scar rupture--value of uterine activity measurements. 144 28


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