Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01178 (oxytocin)
 15,767 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Electrical shock is perceived to be a problem on many dairy farms. Thirteen cows were subjected to intermittent electrical shock (5 s on, 25 s off) at a.m. and p.m. milkings for 7 days. Seven cows were subjected to 3.6 mA shocks starting with preparation (1 min udder wash and dry) and six cows to 6.0 mA. One additional cow initially in the 6.0 mA group had to be removed from the study because of severe behavioral responses to shock. Compared to 5-day preshock and postshock periods, milk yield, milking time, and Wisconsin Mastitis Test scores were not affected by shock. Maximum rate of milk flow increased slightly. The number of behavioral events such as lifting legs during milking increased with a greater increase in the 6.0 mA group. Heart rate was elevated (+3 beats/min) only in response to shock during preparation (initial shock). For selected days, time to peak oxytocin response was delayed in the 3.6 mA group, and peak prolactin and area under prolactin response curves increased similarly for both groups during shock. There were significant a.m.-p.m. differences in milk yield, milking time, maximum rate of milk flow, heart rate, and responses of oxytocin and prolactin. We think that milk yield can be maintained, at least in the short term, in cows subjected to electrical shock due to power-line problems if dairy producers take exceptional care to accommodate behavioral responses.
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PMID:Effects of intermittent electrical shock on responses related to milk ejection. 403 37

A survey on veterinary drug use and residues in milk was carried out in Hyderabad (India) and surrounding suburban villages. Mastitis was the most common disease reported; oxytocin and oxytetracycline were frequently used in veterinary formulations. Of 205 milk samples analysed, 9% of market samples and 73% of individual animal milk samples contained oxytetracycline residues. None of the government dairy samples contained oxytetracycline residues. Maximum oxytetracycline consumption through milk was calculated to be 0.045 mg/kg bw/day. The levels ranged from 0.2 to 1.4 micrograms/ml in market milk samples and from 0.2 to 6.7 micrograms/ml in samples obtained from individual buffaloes. It was found that the oxytetracycline residues affect curd setting, the extent depending on the amount of residue.
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PMID:A survey on veterinary drug use and residues in milk in Hyderabad. 852 29

A particular failure of the milk-ejection reflex in dairy cows is described on the base of own experiences in farms and reports from literature. Four cases are reported more in detail. Quantity and fat content of cisternal, alveolar and residual milk fractions, oxytocin content in blood serum, milk-ejection after manual teat stimulation, after massage of the clitoris or rectal stimulation of the vagina and cervix were investigated. This failure of the milk-ejection is observed mostly in primiparous cows and always at the begin of the lactation period. It is complete and permanent unless successfully treated, and seems to be based on an central inhibition of the oxytocin release. Treatment consists of thorough udder stimulation and milking followed by an i.v. application of oxytocin in order to remove the residual milk portion. The condition has a good prognosis, if the treatment is carried out regularly for some days and even weeks. Acute Mastitis is the main differential diagnosis.
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PMID:[Failure of milk ejection reflex in primiparous cows from the differential diagnostic and therapeutic aspects]. 969 50

Mastitis was induced in dairy cows by infusion of 500 cfu of Streptococcus uberis into the mammary gland. Most infections developed to clinical disease, and the majority were predicted by changes in the electrical conductivity of the foremilk. The benefits of clinical prognosis and bacteriological cure were determined for cases that were treated when predicted to develop into clinical mastitis and compared with cases that were allowed to develop until milk clotted or until pyrexia before intramammary antibiotic treatment was used. Treatment prior to clinical mastitis included use of intramammary antibiotic or intramuscular oxytocin to allow stripping of residual milk to remove bacteria. All infections in which treatment was delayed resulted in clinical mastitis that was cured clinically and bacteriologically by sustained treatment using a broad-spectrum intramammary antibiotic preparation once daily but requiring a mean treatment time of 10 d. It was possible to prevent clinical mastitis from developing and to eliminate all infections in cows that were treated early when the developing disease was predicted by changes in the electrical conductivity of quarter foremilk and was treated aggressively by administering an intramammary antibiotic at each milking for 3 d. Treatment of 20 IU of oxytocin at six successive milkings of cows that were predicted to develop disease eliminated 25% of the infections, but 75% of the cows developed clinical mastitis. Those cases were resolved by sustained daily treatment using the same intramammary antibiotic. Elimination (100% clinical and bacteriological cure) of all infections caused by Strep. uberis was possible with early and aggressive or sustained use of the intramammary antibiotic. The early intervention using an intramammary antibiotic, when infection was first indicated by changes in the electrical conductivity of milk, was the most efficient method to achieve cure and led to quicker recovery of milk quality to a saleable standard.
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PMID:Comparison of treatment of mastitis by oxytocin or antibiotics following detection according to changes in milk electrical conductivity prior to visible signs. 1002 11