Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01178 (oxytocin)
 15,767 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The protein binding of salicylic acid in serum of 49 full-term newborn infants and their mothers immediately after delivery was determined, and potential variables affecting the results obtained were examined. The free fraction of salicylic acid added in vitro at an initial drug concentration of 20 mg/100 ml ranged from 0.104 to 0.242 in the infants and from 0.180 to 0.406 in the mothers. The ratio of free fraction values, infant:mother, was 0.67 +/- 0.13 (mean +/- SD). The more extensive serum protein binding of salicylic acid in the newborns' serum explains why serum salicylate concentrations at the time of delivery are usually higher in newborn infants than in their mothers. A cascade of patient characteristics (induction of labor by oxytocin, serum albumin concentration, duration of labor, mother's age, type of anesthesia, use of analgesics, and nonalbumin protein concentration) explained 61% and 37% of the variability of the salicylic acid free fraction values in the serum of infants and their mothers, respectively.
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PMID:Factors affecting the serum protein binding of salicylic acid in newborn infants and their mothers. 720 84

The physiological roles of oxytocin in pregnant rats were studied by passive immunization. Oxytocin antibody (A/S OT) was produced to synthetic OT in rabbits by immunizing with OT conjugated to bovine serum albumin by glutaraldehyde method. Then the sera in the rabbits were tested for the potency of antibody to OT by double antibody radioimmunoassay. On the nineteenth day of pregnancy, each of ten rats was daily injected subcutaneously with 1 ml of A/S OT up to parturition. The mean gestation period in the treated rats was 23.1 +/- 0.31 days and in the control rats (normal rabbit serum: NRS treated), 23.2 +/- 0.13 days. The amount, 1 ml of antiserum, was inferred to be capable to sufficiently neutralize the endogenous oxytocin in pregnant rats. This antiserum was proved to inhibit the biological action of OT by Magnus equipment. These data suggest that, the hypothesis that OT may play a primary role of initiation of labor, is necessary to be reevaluated.
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PMID:[Study on passive immunization for biological action of oxytocin (author's transl)]. 724 66

The biosynthesis of [arginine8]vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT) was studied, and the results obtained have been compared with a study of their associated neurophysins (NP), AVP-NP and OT-NP. Rat hypothalamic extracts obtained at acid pH were subjected to Sephadex G-75 gel filtration chromatography and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Fractions of gel chromatography effluent and extract of SDS-PAGE gel slices were subjected to RIA for immunoreactive precursors of AVP, AVP-NP, OT, and OT-NP using specific antisera fro each molecule. Tritiated bovine serum albumin, ovalbumin, and cytochrome c were used as internal standards during gel filtration chromatography and SDS-PAGE. Molecular weight estimates obtained for precursors of AVP were more than 70K, 31K, 13K, 5K, and less than 5K (AVP) by G-75 chromatography and more than 70K, 39K, 15K, and less than 5K (AVP) by SDS-PAGE. Molecular weight estimates obtained for precursors of AVP-NP were more than 70K, 35K, 24K, and 12K (AVP-NP) by G-75 chromatography and 19K and 10K (AVP-NP) by SDS-PAGE. Molecular weight estimates of OT were more than 70K, 35K, 19K, 8K, and less than 5K (OT) by G-75 chromatography and 60K, 35K, 19K, 9K, and less than 5K (OT) by SDS-PAGE. Precursors of OT-NP were estimated to be more than 70K, 17-18K, and 10K (OT-NP) by G-75 chromatography and 28K, 18K and 10K (Ot-NP) by SDS-PAGE. These studies show that there are small differences in precursor processing among AVP, AVP-NP, and OT, OT-NP, but allow for the existence of common precursors for AVP and AVP-NP and for OT and OT-NP.
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PMID:Putative precursors of vasopressin, oxytocin, and neurophysins in the rat hypothalamus. 728 61

Proteins of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system of the rat were studied by means of a purpose-modified form of microelectrophoresis in the polyacrylamide gradient. The respective shares of neurophysins I, II and III in total neurophysin were found to be 58 +/- 16, 24 +/- 5 and 18 +/- 6% in HCl extracts and 48 +/- 7, 30 +/- 7 and 23 +/- 5% in aqueous extracts. In particular, neurophysin I was absent in homozygous Brattleboro rats, with no evidence being obtained as to aberrant neurophysins. Approximately equal neurophysin shares were observed for heterozygous Brattleboro rats. Using perfused material, one of the fractions occurring in neurohypophysial extracts was clearly identified as serum albumin. The electropherograms of aqueous neurohypophysial extracts revealed up to 43 protein fractions. Comparison with extracts from the median eminence, the nuclei of the hypothalamo-neurohyophysial system and other hypothalamic regions, as well as the results of incubation experiments distinguished one fraction as a possible candidate for the hitherto hypothetical neurophysin precursors. Incubation of neurohypophyses did not yield any signs of both conversion of neurophysin II into neurophysin III, and formation of further neurophysin derivatives.
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PMID:Identification and metabolic differentiation of rat neurophysins: a microelectrophoretic study. 737 4

Analysis of binding data from saturation experiments using a radiolabeled oxytocin antagonist ([125I]OTA) demonstrated an increase in binding affinity after treatment with 5 micrograms estradiol benzoate (EB) for 3 days in membrane fractions from the medial preoptic area-anterior hypothalamus (MPOA-AH) of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Analysis of data from competition experiments revealed high- and low-affinity [125I]OTA binding sites in the MPOA-AH, the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH), and hippocampus of OVX controls. Three days of EB treatment reduced low-affinity binding sites in the MPOA-AH and MBH, but not in the hippocampus. Treatment of membrane fractions from the MPOA-AH of oil-treated OVX rats in vitro with 100 nM OT or with estrogen or progesterone conjugated to bovine serum albumin (E-BSA and P-BSA) also reduced low-affinity [125I]OTA binding sites but BSA alone did not.
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PMID:Estrogen increases affinity of oxytocin receptors in the medial preoptic area-anterior hypothalamus. 799 51

Estradiol conjugated to bovine serum albumin at position 6(E-6-BSA) released oxytocin (OT) from homogenates of the medial preoptic area and medial hypothalamus (MPOA-MH) within minutes of its superfusion. Using a superfusion system in which synaptosome-containing homogenates were layered onto acrodiscs maintained at 37 degrees C, we have found that E-6-BSA (100 ng/microliters) superfusions significantly elevated OT release within minutes. In contrast, superfusion of the same concentration of BSA or progesterone-3-BSA (P-3-BSA) had no effect on OT release. While superfusing homogenates with augmented levels of K+ had no effect on OT release itself, superfusing E-6-BSA with these concentrations of K+ consistently increased OT release. This is the first demonstration that E-6-BSA increases OT release in a nucleus-free medium.
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PMID:Estradiol conjugated to BSA releases oxytocin from synaptosome-containing homogenates from the medial preoptic area-hypothalamus. 892 9

The general pharmacological properties of a novel cholecystokinin-A antagonist, loxiglumide ((+/-)-4-(3,4-dichlorobenzamido)-N-(3-methoxypropyl)-N-pentylgl utaramic acid, CR 1505, CAS 107097-80-3) on central nervous system, autonomic nervous system, cardio-respiratory system, gastrointestinal system, hematological and miscellaneous systems were investigated in experimental animals. 1. Central nervous system: At a dose of 30 mg/kg, i.v. loxiglumide showed ptosis in one of 6 mice, but at doses of 3 and 10 mg/kg, i.v. no change on gross behavior in mice. Loxiglumide had no effect on locomotor activity and thiopental-induced hypnosis, anti-convulsive activity, analgesic activity in mice and rectal temperature changes in rats. 2. Autonomic nervous system: In vitro, loxiglumide at concentrations of 10(-4) and 3 x 10(-4) mol/l slightly inhibited agonist-induced contractions in the isolated guinea pig ileum and spontaneous rhythmic contractions in the isolated non-pregnant rat uterus. But loxiglumide had no effect on oxytocin-induced contraction in isolated non-pregnant rat uterus. 3. Cardio-respiratory system: Loxiglumide had no effect on heart rate and electrocardiogram in anesthetized dogs. But it slightly increased blood pressure and decreased the frequency of respirations at a dose of 30 mg/kg, i.v. Furthermore, loxiglumide slightly decreased femoral arterial blood flow at doses of more than 3 mg/kg, i.v. On the other hand, it had no effect on contractile force or contraction rate in the isolated guinea pig atrium and resting tension in the isolated rabbit aorta. 4. Gastrointestinal system: Loxiglumide increased bile secretion at doses of 10 and 30 mg/kg, i.v. in anesthetized rats and at doses of 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg, i.v. in anesthetized dogs. However, total bile acid output was not affected by loxiglumide. On the other hand, loxiglumide had no effect on pancreatic secretion, gastric secretion and gastric emptying in rats and intestinal transport activity in mice. 5. Hematology: In vitro, in the case of samples without bovine serum albumin, at concentrations of more than 1.9 x 10(-3) mol/l loxiglumide showed hemolysis, while in the case of samples with bovine serum albumin, at concentrations of more than 6.9 x 10(-3) mol/l loxiglumide showed hemolysis, and its maximal potency was weak compared to albumin-free conditions. On the other hand, in vivo, loxiglumide had no effect on hemolysis. In addition, it had no effect on platelet aggregation, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time. 6. Miscellaneous pharmacological actions: Loxiglumide had no effect on local anesthetic activity in guinea pigs and renal function in mice. These results suggest that loxiglumide seems to produce no serious side effects on the central nervous system, autonomic nervous system, cardio-respiratory system, gastrointestinal system, hematological and miscellaneous systems at pharmacologically effective doses.
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PMID:General pharmacological profile of the novel cholecystokinin-A antagonist loxiglumide. 945 Jan 67

A method for labeling proteins and peptides with (methoxycarbonyl cyclopentadienyl)tricarbonyl rhenium and technetium is described. The precursors used for this labeling are conveniently produced from perrhenate and pertechnetate, respectively, using a double ligand transfer reaction. For labeling the lysine residues of the model protein bovine serum albumin, the technetium methyl ester was saponified and then transformed into its N-hydroxysuccinimidyl ester. For the labeling of the model peptides leucine enkephalin, substance P, oxytocin, and the tumor imaging/therapy candidate octreotide, the rhenium methyl ester was saponified and activated using either 1-hydoxybenzotriazole or 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole. The activation and peptide-coupling reactions were followed using reversed-phase (C18) HPLC and yields averaged approximately 70%.
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PMID:Protein and peptide labeling with (cyclopentadienyl)tricarbonyl rhenium and technetium. 981 71

The ovarian steroid estradiol (E) has been found to increase both receptor affinity and release of the neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) in plasma membrane preparations. Therefore, we hypothesized that E conjugated to bovine serum albumin at position 6 (E-6-BSA) would increase behavioral responsiveness to OT. Preliminary results showed that 200 ng/microl of E-6-BSA increased sexual receptivity slightly, but not significantly. Therefore, this dose was used as a subthreshold dose to test whether it would increase sexual responsiveness when infused in combination with 100 ng/microl OT. After recovery from cannula implantation surgery animals were injected with 0.5 microg E benzoate daily for 3 days before testing. On the fourth day, after a baseline preinfusion test rats were infused bilaterally with E-6-BSA alone or with OT, OT with BSA, or conjugated progesterone, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone equimolar to OT alone, or with E-6-BSA or conjugated progesterone alone. When infused into either the medial preoptic area-anterior hypothalamus or the medial basal hypothalamus the combination of OT and E-6-BSA significantly increased sexual receptivity over receptivity after artificial cerebrospinal fluid control infusions. Neither bilateral infusions of OT in combination with conjugated progesterone nor E-6-BSA in combination with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone enhanced sexual receptivity. Results presented here strongly support the conclusion that some of the effects that E has in sensitizing brain systems to the facilitating effects of OT occur at the membrane level in the medial preoptic area-anterior hypothalamus and medial basal hypothalamus.
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PMID:Conjugated estradiol increases female sexual receptivity in response to oxytocin infused into the medial preoptic area and medial basal hypothalamus. 1004 1

In this study we test the postulate that estradiol conjugated to bovine serum albumin (E-BSA) acts via receptors for the steroid-binding protein sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) by attempting to block E-BSA-stimulated release of oxytocin with two antagonists of SHBG receptor actions: the 5alpha-reduced androgens dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and 3alpha-diol. Simultaneous superfusion with either DHT or 3alpha-diol significantly blocked E-BSA-stimulated release of oxytocin. We also found that a wide range of free 17beta-estradiol was unable to stimulate oxytocin release, suggesting that E-BSA stimulates receptors other than those for free estradiol to release oxytocin, perhaps SHBG receptors.
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PMID:5alpha-Reduced androgens block estradiol-BSA-stimulated release of oxytocin. 1276 61


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