Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01178 (oxytocin)
 15,767 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Localization of female type cytochrome P-450 (F1) in the preoptic area and hypothalamus of the rat was examined immunocytochemically using antiserum against purified hepatic P-450 (F1). This antiserum recognizes both P-450 (F1) and P-450 (M3). Western immunoblotting using the antiserum demonstrated that female rat brain contains P-450 (F1) but not P-450 (M3), since microsomes from the brain and liver displayed only one immunoreactive band at 50 kD, coinciding with that of P-450 (F1) purified from female rat liver. On the other hand, the male brain has P-450 (M3) but not P-450 (F1), as liver- and brain-derived microsomes produced single band at 49 kD, which represents a mol. wt. identical to that of P-450 (M3) extracted from male rat liver. These results indicate that P-450 (F1)-like immunoreactivity (LI) occurs in the female rat brain, while P-450 (M3)-LI takes place in the male rat brain. Immunocytochemical analysis further demonstrated the detailed cellular localization of these two P-450-LIs in the preoptic area and hypothalamus of female and male rats. Localization of P-450 (F1)-LI in the female rat hypothalamus resembled that of P-450 (M3)-LI in the male rat hypothalamus. Magnocellular neurosecretory neurons in the paraventricular nucleus and supraoptic nucleus were labeled and were found to contain oxytocin but lack vasopressin when serial sections of these areas were analyzed. In addition, groups of immunoreactive cells were seen in the median preoptic nucleus, medial and lateral preoptic area, caudal portion of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, lateral hypothalamus at the level of the paraventricular nucleus, periventricular zone from the preoptic area to the paraventricular nucleus, and parvocellular portion of the paraventricular nucleus.
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PMID:Presence of sex difference of cytochrome P-450 in the rat preoptic area and hypothalamus with reference to coexistence with oxytocin. 235 79

Exaggerated thirst and salt appetite occurs when endogenous, brain-derived adrenomedullin (AM) production is compromised. In addition, the arginine vasopressin (AVP) response to hypovolemia is compromised. We hypothesized that AM acts in the hypothalamus to control oxytocin (OT) release and that the inhibitory action of AM on salt appetite is mediated via its effects on OT release in the rat. When plasma tonicity was elevated with sodium, ribozyme-induced compromise of central AM production significantly blunted the release of OT into plasma. OT responses to elevation of plasma osmolality without concomitant change in plasma sodium levels were not altered by compromise of AM production. Thus, brain-derived AM controls OT release in response to altered plasma sodium levels. Furthermore, central AM-induced inhibition of NaCl intake can be reversed by pretreatment with an OT antagonist, and the increase in NaCl appetite seen following ribozyme compromise of central AM can be attenuated with central OT administration. These data support the hypothesis that endogenous, brain-derived AM is an essential participant in the hypothalamic response to hypernatremia via its actions on OT-expressing neurons. Together with our previous reports of the effects of AM on AVP secretion and ingestive behaviors, our results suggest that endogenous AM is a physiologically relevant regulator of the endocrine and behavioral mechanisms that maintain fluid and electrolyte homeostasis.
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PMID:A possible relationship between brain-derived adrenomedullin and oxytocin in the regulation of sodium balance. 1972 21

Gut-derived 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is well known for its role in mediating colonic motility function. However, it is not very clear whether brain-derived 5-HT is involved in the regulation of colonic motility. In this study, we used central 5-HT knockout (KO) mice to investigate whether brain-derived 5-HT mediates colonic motility, and if so, whether it involves oxytocin (OT) production in the hypothalamus and OT receptor in the colon. Colon transit time was prolonged in KO mice. The OT levels in the hypothalamus and serum were decreased significantly in the KO mice compared to wild-type (WT) controls. OT increased colonic smooth muscle contraction in both KO and WT mice, and the effects were blocked by OT receptor antagonist and tetrodotoxin but not by hexamethonium or atropine. Importantly, the OT-induced colonic smooth muscle contraction was decreased significantly in the KO mice relative to WT. The OT receptor expression of colon was detected in colonic myenteric plexus of mice. Central 5-HT is involved in the modulation of colonic motility which may modulate through its regulation of OT synthesis in the hypothalamus. Our results reveal a central 5-HT - hypothalamus OT - colonic OT receptor axis, providing a new target for the treatment of brain-gut dysfunction.
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PMID:Central 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) mediates colonic motility by hypothalamus oxytocin-colonic oxytocin receptor pathway. 3054 36