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Query: UNIPROT:P01178 (oxytocin)
 15,767 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In addition to membrane rupture, pharmacological doses of oxytocin (2.6 mU/minute rusing stepwise to 422.4 mU/minute) were used in 134 patients and the results compared to those obtained in 144 patients given only physiological doses of oxytocin (2.6 to 13.2 mU/minute). Pharmacological doses of oxytocin gave better results in terms of induction-delivery intervals, incidence of failed inductions and puerperal morbidity. The incidence of hypertonus was similar in both groups and unrelated to oxytocin doses. A uterine activity of 276 Montevideo units, modified to 200 to 220 Montevideo units for grande multiparae, is defined as the goal of oxytocin treatment in induction of labour. A sign of imminent uterine tetany in the intrauterine pressure curve (the 'damping sign') is described.
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PMID:Induction of labour by pharmacological and physiological doses of intravenous oxytocin. 34 64

The long-acting oxytocin (OT) analog 1-desamino-1-monocarba-E12-Tyr(OMe)]-OT(dCOMOT) was given IV to 13 pregnant cows near to term, but not in actual labor. The animals were para 1 to 5. Of these cows, four were treated with 20 mg of dexamethoasone 48 hours before the peptide was injected; the remaining nine animals were given no other medication. The animals usually were given a single injection of 5 mg of dCOMOT into the jugular veiw (5 to 7 micrograms/kg of body weight). In those instances where delivery was not complete within six hours, a second injection of peptide was given. In all instances, the first injection initiated labor as judged by the behavior of both uterus and cow. In most instances, there was also intermittent spurting of colostrum from the udder over a six-hour period after injection. In the four cows treated first with dexamethasone, the mean duration of induced labor was 4.35 hours after dCOMOT injection. In the nine non-treated cows, the mean duration of induced labor was 14.25 hours. The difference between the two values was significant. For both groups separately, and all data together, there was a linear inverse relation between the size of the external ostium uteri at injection and the duration of labor after peptide injection. All calves were healthy with no signs of hypoxia and the dose rates used did not result in any instance of uterine tetany or tachyphylaxis.
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PMID:Regulation of bovine labor with a long-acting carba-analog of oxytocin: a preliminary report. 47

To test the interaction of various hormones on the myometrium, the following experiments were done studying in vitro contractile activity of uterine segments from immature rats. The rats were divided into two groups: group 1 animals were treated with estrogen (n = 9) and group 2 animals were treated with both estrogen and progesterone (n = 11). Uteri from animals in each group were removed and segments were maintained in a temperature- and pH-controlled organ bath. After baseline contractions were established, uterine segments were treated with either oxytocin and then relaxin, or relaxin and then oxytocin. The dose of relaxin used, 20 ng/ml, was previously shown to be effective in inhibiting uterine contractions of animals treated with either estrogen or estrogen plus progesterone. The dose of oxytocin, 2.5 mlU/ml, was the maximal effective dose shown not to produce prolonged tetany. Estrogen plus progesterone treatment increased the frequency of contractions and resulted in contractions of greater duration of the maximal contractile force, as compared with treatment with estrogen alone. Oxytocin caused a stimulation of contractions in relaxin-inhibited uterine strips. Relaxin decreased the hypertonic contractions produced by oxytocin treatment, resulting in contractions similar to baseline. These data demonstrate that oxytocin and relaxin are directly antagonistic in their effects on uterine contractility. This suggests that labor may occur as a result of increased sensitivity to oxytocin or a decreased sensitivity to relaxin.
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PMID:The antagonistic effect of oxytocin and relaxin on rat uterine segment contractility. 260 21

Based on our previous work, we found that exogenous oxytocin induces uterine tetany and cervical dilation, and permits transcervical access to the uterus. However, the oxytocin does not reduce sustained sperm transport from the uterus to the oviducts. Thus, we hypothesized that exogenous oxytocin may be a useful adjunct to transcervical intrauterine AI procedures for sheep: two experiments were conducted to test our hypothesis. In Experiment 1, purebred ewes (n = 75/group) were artificially inseminated intrauterine with either laparoscopic or oxytocin-transcervical (i.e., 200 USP units of oxytocin 30 min before AI) procedures. At 54 h after progestogenated pessaries were removed, ewes were inseminated with 200 x 10(6) sperm/0.25 ml of fresh, extended semen, which was collected from a purebred ram of the corresponding breed. Pregnancy rate was greater (P < 0.05) after laparoscopic (37.5%) than after transcervical AI (0%). Because of the disappointing results of Experiment 1, Experiment 2 was conducted to determine whether oxytocin or the AI procedure per se reduced ovum fertilization rate. Treatments were designed in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. At 60 h after norgestomet implant removal and 10 min before either laparoscopic or transcervical (cervical in a saline group) AI with 100 x 10(6) sperm/0.25 ml, ewes (n = 10/group) received an intravenous injection of either isotonic saline or 200 USP units of oxytocin. Fertilization rate, which was determined 72 h after AI, was greater (P < 0.05) after laparoscopic than after transcervical/cervical AI (92.5 vs 28%), but oxytocin treatment did not affect fertilization rate. The results indicate that exogenous oxytocin did not reduce ovum fertilization rate, but the transcervical AI procedure per se seemed to reduce fertilization rate.
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PMID:Fertility and ovum fertilization rate after laparoscopic or transcervical intrauterine artificial insemination of oxytocin-treated ewes. 1672 26