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Query: UNIPROT:P01178 (oxytocin)
 15,767 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A prospective study of 454 newborn babies with pathological hyperbilirubinemia revealed that in about one-third of cases (34.6%), no cause could be identified despite detailed investigations. Nearly three-fifth of infants (62.5%) had hyperbilirubinemia due to hemolytic causes. On the basis of four variables, i.e., peak serum bilirubin level, age of attaining the peak level, age of starting phototherapy and total duration of phototherapy, the cases of hyperbilirubinemia can be categorized into three groups: (a) Group I (mild) included non-hemolytic hyperbilirubinemia, i.e., idiopathic, bacterial infections, intrauterine infections and others, (b) Group II (moderate) comprised of hemolytic as well as non-hemolytic hyperbilirubinemia due to prematurity, administration of oxytocin, bruising/cephalhematoma, and (c) Group III (severe) comprised of hyperbilirubinemia due to hemolysis as a result of blood group incompatibility between the mother and the neonate and G-6-PD deficiency. Sixty six babies required exchange blood transfusion (EBT) and a total of 100 EBTs were performed. Most of the babies (80.3%) requiring exchange blood transfusion belonged to Group III. The most common cause of hemolytic hyperbilirubinemia needing exchange blood transfusion was Rh isoimmunization followed by G-6-PD deficiency and ABO isoimmunization. There was no death attributable to the procedure of exchange blood transfusion.
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PMID:Spectrum of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia: an analysis of 454 cases. 161 73

Programmed labor defined as a planned natural delivery was carried out in 128 women. The group included 43 gravida I (average age 24.6 years) and 85 gravida II (average age 29.2 years). Indications for programmed labor included late toxemia (44), prolonged pregnancy (23), ABO and Rhesus isoimmunization (24) fetal hypotrophy (8), and extragenital diseases (29). All patients had relative indications for cesarean section. Planned labor was conducted at gestation age of 36-38 weeks in 24 women, at 39-41 weeks in 81, and at 42-43 weeks in 23. Predelivery management included administration of prostaglandin synthesis inducers, spasmolytics, estrogens (300-500 units/kg, intramuscularly). In the evening prior to labor induction, the patients received intracervical administration of prostaglandin gel. Labor was induced by oxytocin or prostaglandin administration. Oxytocin dose depended upon the body weight and ranged from 5 units (1 ml) for the body weight of 50-69 kg to 7,5 units (1.5 ml) for 70-89 kg, and 10 units (2 ml) for the body weight of over 90 kg. Oxytocin was given by an intravenous drip starting with 8-10 drops/min and gradually increasing to 30-40 drops/min. Prostaglandin (5 mg per 500 ml of solution) was given by an intravenous drip starting with 20 drops/min and gradually increasing to 40 drops/min. Effectiveness of oxytocin or prostaglandin dose was estimated by stability of uterine contractions and by the rate of cervix dilatation. Normal duration of labor was no more than 10-12 hr for gravida I and no more than 8 hr for gravida II. Of 128 women, 116 had normal vaginal delivery and 12 had to undergo emergency cesarean section. Delivery was complicated by cervix rupture in 9 patients. All 128 women gave birth to live babies. Agar score ranged from 8-9 in 108, to 7 in 15, and 6 in 5.
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PMID:[Experience with conducting programmed labor]. 186 70

This paper presents 2 cases of intrauterine death induced satisfactorily using intrauterine extraamniotic Prostin E2. The 1st case involved a 39-year old woman with severe hypertension and superimposed toxemia. She was admitted at 24 weeks with a blood pressure of 175/100 mm Hg, albuminuria, and edema. Ultrasonic biparietal measurement showed increasingly retarded fetal growth. Intrauterine death occured at 32 weeks. Labor was induced with intrauterine extraamniotic Prostin E2 introduced by a Foley catheter. This was the method of choice because of the patient's hypertension, albuminuria, and impaired renal function. The patient delivered uneventfully after 5 hours and 3 doses of 2 ml. There was no puerperal pyrexia. The 2nd case involved a 38-year old woman who suffered intrauterine death at 28 weeks due to severe Rhesus isoimmunization. Intravenous oxytocin and intravenous prostaglandin were initially used unsuccessfully to induce labor. Labor was induced rapidly using PGE2 via the intrauterine extraamniotic route. Full dilation was achieved with intravenous oxytocin. Induction delivery interval was 9 hours. There was no puerperal pyrexia. It is suggested that intrauterine but extraamniotic PGE2 is a reasonable method of induction in cases of intrauterine death because of the short induction delivery interval. Active management of intrauterine death is needed to avoid potentially serious complications, the most serious of which is the risk of coagulation disorder if the dead fetus is left in utero. Other important considerations are the patient's hospital beds. Intrauterine extraamniotic PGE2 may be safer and more effective than amniotomy and intravenous oxytocin and intraamniotic hypertonic saline because the membranes are left intact and because of the rapid induction time.
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PMID:Intrauterine death treated with intrauterine extra-amniotic prostaglandin E2. 446 77

The development of new techniques for 2nd trimester abortion procedures enables physicians to individualize care to meet specific needs and, at the same time, decrease morbidity and mortality. This paper reviews the procedures and preoperative and postoperative considerations in midtrimester abortions. Reasons for midtrimester pregnancy termination include fetal abnormalities, failed 1st trimester abortions, selected maternal medical conditions, fetal death in utero, and elective abortion requests in which the pregnancy was not recognized earlier. Careful assessment of medical and psychological conditions should be made. Ultrasonography is often useful in the preoperative evaluation of midtrimester abortion patients to prevent misjudgments of gestational age. Midtrimester abortion procedures include prostaglandins (PGs), amnioinfusion, and dilatation-evacuation. PGE2 suppositories, placed in the posterior vaginal fornix every 3-4 hours, seem to have high efficacy and few side effects. Amnioinfusion methods should be performed after 15 weeks of gestation, since it may be difficult to enter the amniotic cavity before that time. Care should be taken to avoid intravenous, intraperitoneal, or intramyometrial injection of the abortifacient. Dilatation-evacuation has become the most common method of 2nd-trimester pregnancy termination. Use of laminaria tents for adequate preoperative cervical dilatation, specialized instruments, and gradual acquisition of surgical skill starting with the early 2nd trimester contribute to the greater safety of this method. Other surgical methods include hysterotomy and hysterectomy. There are also many possible combinations of midtrimester abortion techniques. For example, laminaria tents can be used with most procedures, and oxytocin infusion may improve results when used simultaneously with amnioinfusion or hypertonic saline or urea. Hypertonic urea can be used prior to dilatation-evacuation, especially in cases of advanced gestational age. Retained tissue and Rh isoimmunization are among the postoperative considerations. The effects of 2nd trimester abortion on future fertility have not been analyzed; however, care should be taken to avoid trauma to the cervix and uterus, to maximize removal of retained products of conception, and to minimize postabortal infection.
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PMID:Midtrimester abortion: techniques and complications. 641 16