Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01178 (oxytocin)
 15,767 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a study of 32 patients, there were 29 cases of intra-uterine fetal death and 3 cases of hydatidiform mole. The intravenous administration of either prostaglandin E1, E2 or F2 successfully induced labor in 29 out of the 32 cases. 2 patients delivered following additional intravenous oxytocin and there was 1 failure due to the development of upper limb cyanosis. Side-effects included vomitng, phlebitis, facial flushing, rigors, pyrexia and uterine hypertonus. The method confirms the high success rates reported previously but the incidence of side-effects was disturbing. It is emphasized that prostaglandin E1 was used during this original research trial when prostaglandins were 1st investigated clinically. Prostaglandin E1 has not been made available commerically.
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PMID:Induction of labour and abortion by intravenous prostaglandins in pregnancies complicated by intra-uterine foetal death and hydatidiform mole. 444

Clinical studies throughout the world will probably result in the use of prostaglandins (PGs) in the near future for treatment of some cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and respiratory diseases in addition to their present use in gynecology and obstetrics. The discovery in 1971 that acetylsalicylic acid and a series of other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit the biosynthesis of PGs provided an explanation for the analgetic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activity of these drugs and formed a rational base for their use in a variety of pathological situations believed to involve PGs. The most important indications for the use of PGs in human reproduction include induction of labor; cervical priming; termination of pregnancy in the 2nd or 1st trimester; management of fetal death, missed abortion, intrauterine death near term, hydatidiform mole, and anencephaly; and postpartum hypotonus. 1 of the main contributions of PGs in obstetrics is their ability to stimulate the uterus throughout pregnancy and their suitability in cases in which the uterus is not receptive to oxytocin. Work is underway to develop more satisfactory routes of administration, perhaps vaginally, to achieve more satisfactory control of side effects, and to increase the duration of action through development and substitution of synthetic androgens. PG biosynthesis inhibitors have been used successfully in treatment of premature labor in some cases. PGs of the E series have been used for temporary treatment of cardiac malfunction such as transposition of the main arteries or pulmonary atresia, the vasodilating PGs such as PGI2 or PGE1 have been used in peripheral vascular disease such as arteriosclerosis obliterans and Raynaud's disease, and are currently under investigation in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension, spontaneous angina, and toxemia. Prostacyclin has recently become available in Great Britain as an antiaggregating agent for use during charcoal hemoperfusion, hemodialysis, and extracorporeal circulation in open heart surgery. The antisecretory activity of PGs, partially mediated through a stimulation of mucus secretion, has led to their use in treatment of stomach ulcers. Clinical application of PGs in respiratory problems has not progressed far, but recently synthesized analogues could become useful in treatment of some asthmatic disorders.
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PMID:Clinical use of prostaglandins in perspective. 686 38

Abortifacient effects of 16,16-dimethyl-trans delta 2-PGE1 methyl ester (ONO-802) were studied clinically. The uterine contractile effect of the agent was compared with those of PGF2 alpha and oxytocin (OXY) in the unanesthetized rabbit. 1. Intermittent intravaginal administration of ONO-802 was applied to 32 cases of legal abortion, 15 of missed abortion and 17 of hydatid mole. Eighty eight, 100 and 81 per cent of these patients resulted in abortion, respectively, with fewer side effects than those of natural PGs. 2. In the five groups of non- or pseudo-pregnant rabbits and those in their 7-9, 14-16 and 19-28 days in pregnancy, uterine contractile effects of these agents were assessed by both the contractile patterns and area of contractile curves of initial 5 minutes. The results are as follows: 1) In the non-pregnant rabbits, all of these agents revealed marked uterine contractile effect. 2) ONO-802 induced uterine contraction characterized by its wedge-shaped curves continued considerably longer than that induced by others. 3) ONO-802 revealed much stronger effect on uterine contraction in 7-9 day-of-pregnant rabbits. 4) Fourteen-16-day-of-pregnant rabbits were least influenced by the three agents as regards their uterine contraction in accordance with the highest progesterone levels in their sera among the three groups of pregnant rabbits.
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PMID:[A study on the uterine contractile effect of 16, 16-dimethyl-trans-delta 2-PGE1 methyl ester (ONO-802) (author's transl)]. 695 Sep 90

Complications of unsuccessful pregnancy (including intrauterine fetal death, missed abortion, gross fetal abnormalities, and hydatidiform mole) and their successful management are reviewed as 21 such cases are reported retrospectively. In all cases of pregnancy complication, active management is recommended; such management is many times determined by the gestational week in which the pregnancy failed. Dilatation and evacuation are used for gestations from 12-18 weeks; and prostaglandin induction is indicated for pregnancies of greater than 18 weeks in size. In these 21 cases, 6 underwent dilatation and evacuation (using laminaria tents as well), 8 underwent laminaria insertion followed by extraamniotic prostaglandin F2 alpha and oxytocin augmentation, 4 patients were treated with prostaglandin E2 vaginal suppositories augmented by laminaria. Based on these results a preference is indicated for continuous extraamniotic infusion of PGF2 alpha vs. prostaglandin E2 suppositories. Also advocated is treatment as outpatient whenever possible.
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PMID:Protocol for management of unsuccessful pregnancy. 738 75

Gestational trophoblastic disease cases encountered in 88 pregnant women during a period between January 1985 and June 1992 were retrospectively studied. During the same period we had 6800 deliveries. The incidence of gestational trophoblastic diseases was 12.9 per 1000 deliveries. Of these cases 72 (81.8%) were diagnosed as hydatidiform mole and 16 (18.2%) were diagnosed as choriocarcinoma in histopathological investigations. The preferred method of treatment for cases of hydatidiform mole was termination with suction curettage and oxytocin perfusion. Trophoblastic diseases were common in women with five or more pregnancies from rural areas and our incidence was higher when compared with similar studies. Moreover, our patients had low socio-economic and poor educational status. All these factors seem to be etiologic reasons, besides multiparity.
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PMID:A review of trophoblastic diseases at the medical school of Dicle University. 924 99

Placental leucine aminopeptidase (P-LAP)/oxytocinase (OTase) degrades several small peptides such as oxytocin (OT), arginine vasopressin (AVP) and angiotensin III (ANGIII), and aminopeptidase A (AP-A) converts angiotensin II (ANGII) to ANGIII. These proteases play an important role in foetal growth and the maintenance of human homeostasis during pregnancy. In this study, we confirmed the distribution of P-LAP and AP-A proteins and messenger RNAs in human trophoblasts in normal placenta and complete hydatidiform mole by immunohistochemical and in-situ hybridization techniques. Immunoreactivity of P-LAP was mainly noted in the apical membrane of syncytiotrophoblasts, and the expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) for P-LAP was predominantly noted in the cytoplasm of syncytiotrophoblastic cells. However, immunoreactivity of AP-A was mainly noted in the apical membrane of cytotrophoblasts and in the basal zone of the syncytiotrophoblasts, and the expression of mRNA for AP-A was predominantly noted in cytoplasm of cytotrophoblastic cells and a little in cytoplasm of syncytiotrophoblastic cells. Thereby, the two proteases were differentially distributed both in normal placenta and hydatidiform mole throughout the gestational age. These results are useful for the further understanding of not only the pathophysiology of pregnancy, but also the pathogenesis of trophoblastic diseases.
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PMID:Differential distribution of placental leucine aminopeptidase/oxytocinase and aminopeptidase A in human trophoblasts of normal placenta and complete hydatidiform mole. 1236 82

Seventy-two patients with gestational trophoblastic tumors (GTTs) and 20 first-trimester healthy pregnant women (controls) participated in this study. According to the WHO scoring system, GTTs were subgrouped into 24 hydatiform mole spontaneous regression (HMSR), 18 postmolar high-risk (PMHR) and 16 low- and 14 high-risk cases of choriocarcinoma. Patients with choriocarcinoma were treated with hysterectomy and methotrexate chemotherapy, whereas molar pregnancy was managed by either oxytocin infusion followed by suction evacuation or by hysterectomy. Serum p53 autoantibodies were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay and serum hCGbeta was determined by radioimmunoassay before and throughout the 12 months after treatment. p53 autoantibodies were not detected in normal pregnancy and cases of HMSR but were detected in all cases of PMHR and choriocarcinoma. Concentrations of p53 autoantibodies were higher in choriocarcinoma than in PMHR cases. Serial measurements of p53 autoantibodies dropped to an undetectable level within 1 and 6 months after treatment in cases of PMHR and low-risk choriocarcinoma, respectively. Decreasing values of p53 autoantibodies in high-risk choriocarcinoma remained higher than the cut-off level of controls. There was a significant positive correlation between p53 autoantibodies and serum hCGbeta concentration in GTTs. In conclusion, detection of p53 autoantibodies has a high potential for the differential diagnosis of GTTs and their serial measurements are clinically useful to monitor disease progression and to assess response to therapy in GTTs.
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PMID:Diagnostic and prognostic significance of circulating tumor suppressor gene p53 autoantibodies in patients with gestational trophoblastic tumors. 1506 19


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