Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P01034 (cystatin C)
 3,397 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cystatin C, a protein inhibitor of lysosomal cysteine proteinases, was demonstrated by immunohistochemical techniques to be present in most luteinizing hormone- (LH-)containing cells in simian and human adenohypophyses. Immunoreactivity of cystatin C was also found in simian adrenocorticotrophic hormone- (ACTH-)containing cells localized to an area corresponding to the pars intermedia but not in the ACTH-containing cells of the anterior pituitary lobe of monkey. No immunoreactivity of cystatin C was detected in the growth hormone- (GH-) and prolactin-containing cells of monkey and man.
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PMID:Distribution of cystatin C (gamma-trace), an inhibitor of lysosomal cysteine proteinases, in the anterior lobe of simian and human pituitary glands. 299 51

A rare insulin-immunoreactive neuroendocrine tumor of the duodenum in a 54 year old male is reported. The incidentally identified tumor was located on the anterior free wall of the duodenal bulb and measured approximately 6 mm in diameter. Uncomplicated endoscopic resection of the tumor was carried out. The lesion exhibited classic histologic features of insulinoma of the beta-islet cell type with stromal amyloid deposition. In addition to positive reactivities of chromogranin A, neuron-specific enolase, synaptophysin, Leu 7 (CD57), cystatin C, CA15-3 and cytokeratin, the non-argyrophilic tumor cells were strongly immunoreactive for insulin and C-peptide. The stromal amyloid was clearly labeled for amylin. A few cells were stained for somatostatin, whereas other hormones were negative. Interestingly, a few isolated insulin-positive cells were identified in the non-neoplastic duodenal mucosa in the proximity of the tumor. Immunoelectron microscopy using paraffin sections disclosed insulin-immunoreactive secretory granules in the cytoplasm. The patient exhibited no signs or symptoms of hypoglycemia. Serum insulin levels were not measured prior to resection. No tumors were demonstrated in the pancreas. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 1 cm asymptomatic pituitary mass, in association with moderately elevated serum prolactin levels. The patient is currently being followed up in the outpatient clinic.
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PMID:Aberrant insulinoma of the duodenal bulb. 858 Nov 56

The localization of cathepsin B, a potential promoter of prolactin (PRL) release via extra renal renin-angiotensin system in the adenohypophysis, and its inhibitor cystatin C in the human adenohypophysis and in pituitary adenomas were examined using single and dual immunohistochemical staining. In the adenohypophysis, cathepsin B was expressed in about 50% of the ACTH-producing cells, and in 5% or less of the GH- and PRL-producing cells. In contrast, cystatin C was expressed in about 70% of the GH- and PRL-producing cells, but in only 5% or less of the ACTH-producing cells. PRL-producing adenomas strongly expressed cathepsin B, but only weakly expressed cystatin C, a pattern of staining contrary to the expression in normal PRL-producing cells. The above results suggest that cathepsin B may play a role in promoting PRL release especially in PRL-producing adenomas.
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PMID:Expression of cathepsin B and cystatin C in the human adenohypophysis and in pituitary adenomas. 1060 86

Lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic are common environmental pollutants in industrialized countries, but their combined impact on children's health is little known. We studied their effects on two main targets, the renal and dopaminergic systems, in > 800 children during a cross-sectional European survey. Control and exposed children were recruited from those living around historical nonferrous smelters in France, the Czech Republic, and Poland. Children provided blood and urine samples for the determination of the metals and sensitive renal or neurologic biomarkers. Serum concentrations of creatinine, cystatin C, and beta2-microglobulin were negatively correlated with blood lead levels (PbB), suggesting an early renal hyperfiltration that averaged 7% in the upper quartile of PbB levels (> 55 microg/L; mean, 78.4 microg/L). The urinary excretion of retinol-binding protein, Clara cell protein, and N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase was associated mainly with cadmium levels in blood or urine and with urinary mercury. All four metals influenced the dopaminergic markers serum prolactin and urinary homovanillic acid, with complex interactions brought to light. Heavy metals polluting the environment can cause subtle effects on children's renal and dopaminergic systems without clear evidence of a threshold, which reinforces the need to control and regulate potential sources of contamination by heavy metals. Key words: arsenic, biomarkers, cadmium, dopaminergic, heavy metals, interactions, lead, mercury, renal.
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PMID:Renal and neurologic effects of cadmium, lead, mercury, and arsenic in children: evidence of early effects and multiple interactions at environmental exposure levels. 1703 15