Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P01034 (cystatin C)
 3,397 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Posterior urethral valves are the main cause of fetal lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO) with typical sonographic signs like urinary tract dilatation and reduction of amniotic fluid. LUTO is associated with a high rate of perinatal mortality and is the main cause of kidney failure in early childhood. In such cases vesico-amniotic shunting is a common but risky procedure of fetal surgery to prevent anhydramnion and lethal lung hypoplasia. This case report demonstrates that lung hypoplasia can be prevented by vesico-amniotic shunting of the fetal megacytis in the 23rd week of gestation in a fetus with lower urinary tract obstruction and anhydramnion. The prenatal measured concentration of cystatin C in the fetal urine correlated with the postnatal impaired kidney function. The indication and therapeutic benefit of vesico-amniotic shunting remain controversially discussed in the literature because until today there is no evidence for a reduction in perinatal or long-term morbidity due to early fetal kidney damage. The earlier ultrasound detection of LUTO during the first trimester of pregnancy proposes the possibility of earlier intervention and protection of nephrogenesis. First case studies about first trimester vesico-amniotic shunting have been published; the influence on the postnatal kidney function merits further well-structured investigation.
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PMID:[Feto-amniotic shunting for lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO)--a case report]. 1817 6

We report on three patients with postrenal acute kidney injury (AKI) showing a remarkably low level of cystatin C (CysC) compared with that of creatinine (Cr). The levels of Cr and CysC (Cr/CysC) were respectively as follows: 12.16 mg/dl/1.26 mg/l, 17.92 mg/dl/0.95 mg/l and 18.94 mg/dl/0.55 mg/l. The causes of urinary tract obstruction were benign prostatic hypertrophy, urinary bladder carcinoma and urethral stenosis due to radiation therapy for bladder carcinoma. Renal function was promptly recovered after relief of the obstruction. It is considered that the discrepancy strongly indicated AKI because of urinary tract obstruction and encouraged relief of the obstruction in order to recover renal function. Although the precise mechanism for the discrepancy was not determined, the maintenance of glomerular filtration and proximal tubular reabsorption of CysC long after the cessation of Cr excretion because of urinary tract obstruction seemed to be involved. This finding may be beneficial for the diagnosis and reversal of postrenal AKI and provides new insight into the process of postrenal AKI.
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PMID:Discrepancy between cystatin C and creatinine points leading to a diagnosis of postrenal acute kidney injury and its reversibility: three case reports. 2060 77

Partial or complete obstruction of the urinary tract is a common and challenging urological condition caused by a variety of conditions, including ureteral calculi, ureteral pelvic junction obstruction, ureteral stricture, and malignant ureteral obstruction. The condition, which may develop in patients of any age, induces tubular and interstitial injury followed by inflammatory cell infiltration and interstitial fibrosis, eventually impairing renal function. The serum creatinine level is commonly used to evaluate global renal function but is not sensitive to early changes in the glomerular filtration rate and unilateral renal damage. Biomarkers of acute kidney injury are useful for the early detection and monitoring of kidney injury induced by upper urinary tract obstruction. These markers include levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), monocyte chemotactic protein-1, kidney injury molecule 1, N-acetyl-b-D-glucosaminidase, and vanin-1 in the urine and serum NGAL and cystatin C concentrations. This review summarizes the pathophysiology of kidney injury caused by upper urinary tract obstruction, the roles played by emerging biomarkers of obstructive nephropathy, the mechanisms involved, and the clinical utility and limitations of the biomarkers.
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PMID:Roles Played by Biomarkers of Kidney Injury in Patients with Upper Urinary Tract Obstruction. 3275 30