Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P00790 (PGA)
 2,475 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Prostaglandins PGE-1 or PGA-1 (0.5 to 1 mug per min) were infused into the stenosed renal artery of anesthetized hypertensive dogs. Increased urine volume, sodium and potassium excretion, and p-aminohippurate clearance were found during the prostaglandin infusion period in the infused kidney as compared to the control periods before infusion. Creatinine clearance was increased during infusion of PGE-1. The noninfused, nonischemic kidney showed no effect at the time of infusion with PGE-1 but in the case of PGA-1, the p-aminohippurate and creatinine clearances and urine diuresis were decreased. As a result, the mean aortic blood pressure decreased. Both prostaglandins increased the renal vein renin in the infused kidney. PGA-1 did affect renin release of the noninfused kidney, but PGE-1, which is rapidly inactivated by the lung, did not have this effect. Renin release seems to be influenced by electrolyte diuresis operating through the macula densa mechanism. However, the lowering of blood pressure seen in this study cannot exclude the involvement of the stretch receptors (the juxtaglomerular cells) for renin release. The increased renin release after prostaglandin administration seems to be a protective renal mechanism against the drug-induced hypotension. It seems to be induced by the direct sodium and water diuretic effects of prostaglandins.
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PMID:Direct effect of prostaglandins in renal function and renin release in the presence of renal ischemia in the dog. 111 61

The role of prostaglandins in blood pressure regulation was studied in normal rats and in animals with renal artery constriction. The effects of chronic inhibition of prostaglandin (PG) synthesis on arterial pressure were observed, and renal medullary PG synthesis was measured in vitro. The prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor indomethacin was given in a dose of 2 mg/kg/day by mouth to one of two groups of male Wistar rats with a unilateral renal artery constriction and the other kidney untouched, and to one of two sham-clipped groups. Systolic blood pressures were higher in indomethacin-treated clipped rats than in non-indomethacin-treated clipped animals, and at 18 days averaged 188 mm Hg (plus or minus SEM 5.9, n = 36) and 162 mm Hg (plus or minus SEM 7.6, n = 34), respectively (P less than 0.005 for data pooled from two experiments). Indomethacin did not affect pressures of sham-clipped animals treated for 40 days. Analysis of PG synthesis by gas-liquid chromatography in renal medullary slices incubated for 30 minutes in Krebs-Henseleit buffer showed: (1) 40% suppression of PGE synthesis in hypertensive animals (P less than 0.001): (2) no differences between clipped and untouched kidneys; (3) chronic indomethacin treatment did not affect PGE synthesis in the in vitro buffer system; and (4) no PGA synthesis was detected. In a further experiment in which medullary slices were incubated in plasma of rats treated with equivalent doses of indomethacin, PGE synthesis was suppressed by 35%. The experiments support the concept that prostaglandins modulate pressor mechanisms which come into play when renal blood flow is drastically reduced. The effects could be mediated by PG synthesis in the kidney and/or in other systemic vascular beds.
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PMID:Renal prostaglandin synthesis in the Goldblatt hypertensive rat. 113 85

Incubation of A type prostaglandins with whole blood or washed red cells at 37 degrees C converted them to more polar products with negligible vasodepressor and smooth muscle-contracting activities. This conversion did not occur in platelet-rich plasma. Uptake of the prostaglandins by red cells was demonstrated at both 4 degrees C and 37 degrees C. The data suggest 1) that if PGA is released from tissues into the blood stream or is administered for therapeutic purposes, its biological activity would be diminished by human red cells, and 2) that development of an assay for PGA in blood should take into account its uptake and metabolism by human red cells.
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PMID:Uptake and inactivation of a-type prostanglandins by human red cells. 113 24

Immunoreactive (IR) plasma prostaglandin (PG) levels were measured in samples collected simultaneously through catheters placed in the right ventricle and the thoracic aorta in fasting anesthetized dogs. There were significantly greater levels of IRPGB (P less than .01) and IRPGA (P less than .05), but significantly less IRPGE (P less than .01) in the aorta than in the ventricle. During femoral vein infusion of PGE1, PGB1, and PGA1, respectively, PGE1 was approximately 87% metabolized, but PGB1 and PGA1 were not degraded by the lung. There was no measurable increase in IRPGB or IRPGA levels in the thoracic aorta during intravenous PGE1 infusion. It was concluded that in the resting state PGE is actively degraded by the lung; that the lung very effectively degrades PGE1 but does not degrade PGB1 or PGA1 during infusion of these prostaglandins; and that pulmonary metabolism of PGE1 probably does not result in formation and release of PGB or PGA into the arterial circulation. Additionally, the possibility exists that in the resting state PGB and/or PGA are actively secreted by the lung, but the immunoassay methodology used does not permit resolution of this point.
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PMID:Differential in vivo pulmonary degradation of prostaglandins E1, B1, and A1. 114 29

6-0 Dexon (polyglycolic acid-PGA) suture was used in 30 eyes of 25 patients in surgical procedures which included cataract extraction, strabismus surgery, and ocular plastic surgery. The suture was found to hold the wound firmly, was not absorbed prematurely, was absorbed completely at a predicted time, was relatively easy to use although the knots were large, did not cause any infection or undue tissue reaction, and did not result in any wound dehiscence or vitreous loss.
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PMID:Evaluation of Dexon suture in ophthalmic surgery. 114 1

Comparative efficiencies of absorption of crystalline folic acid polyglutamate and monoglutamyl folic acid were determined in 11 normal subjects by measurement of the excretion of radioisotope in the urine after oral administration of [3H]pteroylheptaglutamic acid ([3H]PteGlu7) synthesized in our laboratory and of [3H]pteroylglutamic acid ([3H]PGA). Following ingestion of 0.6 mumole of [3H]PteGlu7, urinary excretion of radioactivity over 48 hr averaged 56.1 +/- 11.2% of the total dose. By comparison the ingestion of 0.6 mumole of [3H]PGA resulted in an average urinary excretion of 70.8 +/- 13.0% for the same time period. Approximately 90% of the urinary radioactivity was excreted during the initial 24-hr collection period. The mean recovery of radioactivity in urine and stool was 94% and recovery exceeded 84% in all subjects. The principal radioactive compound in the urine chromatographed with standard pteroylmonoglutamates. By chromatography, urinary folates were monoglutamates whether [3H]PGA or [3H]PteGlu7 was administered. The time course of folate absorption for the study compounds was compared by measuring the rise in serum radioactivity after the oral folate dose. Peak values in serum folate radioactivity following [3H]PGA occurred at 1 hr, whereas the peak values after [3H]PteGlu7 more often occurred at 2 hr. Only monoglutamyl folate was detected in the serum. These studies demonstrate that in normal subjects physiological doses of crystalline monoglutamyl and crystalline heptaglutamyl folates are both absorbed with high degrees of efficiency.
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PMID:Comparative studies of the intestinal absorption of [3H]pteroylmonoglutamate and [3H]pteroylheptaglutamate in man. 115 44

A specific, sensitive and accurate radioimmunoassay (RIA) method for the measurement of prostaglandin A1 (PGA1) in either human whole blood or plasma is described. Whole blood is immediately lysed with distilled water containing tritiated indicator. When plasma is assayed, the blood samples are handled at 4 C and rapidly centrifuged. The lysate or plasma is adjusted to pH 5 with buffer and quickly extracted with 5% methanol in dichloromethane. The whole blood or plasma extract is then purified by Sephadex LH20 chromatography using the system methanol: methylene chloride (5:95) which separates the major groups of PGA, PGE and PGF. The RIA is then performed using an antiserum generated in rabbits from PGA1 coupled to bovine thyroglobulin. The antibody is highly specific, possessing very low cross reactivity to other prostaglandins (PGA2, PGE, PGB and PGF). Activated florisil or ammonium sulfate can be used to separate bound from free prostaglandin. This whole blood or plasma method yields blank values of only 2 +/- 2 pg per sample with a between assay precision determined by duplicate analysis of 8% and interassay precision of 3%. The mean whole blood PGA1 concentration in 27 subjects in 2.5 +/- 1.6 (SD) ng per 100 ml. No significant sex difference in PGA1 levels was noted and values were similar whether measured in whole blood or cooled plasma rapidly prepared and extracted. These values of PGA1 are much lower than those RIA values reported by others for "PGA" using antibodies with lower specificities.
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PMID:A radioimmunoassay for prostaglandin A1 in human peripheral blood. 115 43

A charcoal adsorption method was developed to measure specific prostaglandin binding in low speed supernates of hamster myometrial homogenates. This method was used to characterize and quantitate PGE-1-specific binding. The equilibrium binding constants and the concentration of specific PGE-1 binding sites were determined during the hamster estrous cycle. The apparent association constant for 12 different preparations was 1.16 plus or minus 0.08 times 10-9M-1. The concentration of PGE-1 specific binding sites was significantly higher on days 2 and 3 of the estrous cycle that it was on days 1 or 4. The competition for PGE-1 binding sites by PGE-2, PGF-2alpha, tpga-1 and various PGE-1 metabolites and derivatives was measured in hamster myometrial homogenates. Relative affinities of the natural prostaglandins for the PGE-1 binding sites, calculated by parallel line assay, were: PGE-2 greater than PGE-1 greater than PGA-1 greater than PGF-2alpha. For PGE-1 metabolites the relative affinities were: PGE-1 greater than 13,14-dihydro-PGE-1 greater than 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGE-1 greater than 15-keto-PGE-1. For the analogs and derivatives the compounds tested ranked as: 16,16-dimethyl-PGE-1 greater than PGE-1 methyl ester greater than 17-phenyl-18,19,20-trinor-PGE-1 greater than 15(S) 15-methyl-PGE-1 methyl ester. Arachidonic acid, bis-homo-gamma-linolenic acid and 7-oxa-13 prostynoic acid had relative affinities greater than 0.1 compared to PGE-1 equal 100. Indomethacin had a relative affinity of 0.4 compared to PGE-1.
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PMID:Prostaglandin specific binding in hamster myometrial low speed supernatant. 116

The limitations of catgut, which has been the only available absorbably suture material for surgical work are well known. In the present study, catgut and PGA (Dexon) are compared in 123 patients undergoing neck surgery with respect to wound complications. Dexon appears to offer a favourable alternative since this synthetic, absorbable suture material produces fewer early tissue reactions.
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PMID:Polyglycolic acid (PGA, Dexon) sutures in neck surgery. 118

Levels of PGE in renal venous blood were found to be significantly elevated at the time RBF was increased by furosemide. Following indomethacin, a second dose of furosemide failed to increase RBF and levels of PGE in renal venous blood were not elevated. Levels of PGF and PGA were not affected by furosemide. The increase of PGE in renal venous blood at the time of renal dilation supports the hypothesis that furosemide increases RBF by releasing PGE. An intrarenal action of the released PGE is implied by this mechanism.
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PMID:Furosemide induced release of prostaglandin E to increase renal blood flow. 118 79


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