Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P00750 (PLA)
 16,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Phospholipase A(2) hydrolyzes the sn-2 ester bond of glycerophospholipids that produce free fatty acids and lysophospholipids. Cytosolic phospholipase A(2)s (cPLA(2), group IV) are a subgroup of enzymes that act on the intracellular phospholipid membrane. The best investigated cPLA(2)alpha (group IVA) is a key enzyme for lipid mediator production in vivo. Here we report cloning and characterization of novel murine cPLA(2)s: cPLA(2)delta (group IVD), cPLA(2)epsilon (group IVE), and cPLA(2)zeta (group IVF), that form a gene cluster with cPLA(2)beta (group IVB). The deduced amino acid sequences of cPLA(2)delta, epsilon, and zeta demonstrated a conserved domain structure of cPLA(2), i.e. one C2 domain and one lipase domain. The potential catalytic dyad, Ser and Asp, was conserved for these newly cloned cPLA(2)s along with relatively high conservation for the surrounding residues. Transcripts of murine cPLA(2)delta, epsilon, and zeta appeared to be enriched in certain organs rather than ubiquitous distribution. Major Northern signals for cPLA(2)delta were detected in placenta, cPLA(2)epsilon in thyroid, heart, and skeletal muscle, and cPLA(2)zeta in thyroid. Recombinant proteins expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells demonstrated molecular sizes of about 100 kDa by Western blotting and exhibited Ca(2+)-dependent PLA(2) activities on 1-palmitoyl-2-[(14)C]arachidonoyl-phosphatidylcholine substrate. In contrast to cPLA(2)alpha, cPLA(2)zeta preferred phosphatidylethanolamine to phosphatidylcholine. Intracellular localization was visualized by green fluorescent-tagged proteins. Each molecule showed specific localization, and cPLA(2)delta translocated from the cytosol to the perinuclear region by calcium-ionophore stimulation. We thus discovered these functional novel cPLA(2) genes, which cluster on murine chromosome 2E5.
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PMID:Identification of novel cytosolic phospholipase A(2)s, murine cPLA(2){delta}, {epsilon}, and {zeta}, which form a gene cluster with cPLA(2){beta}. 1586 82

In view of the important oncogenic action of phospholipase A(2)(PLA(2)) we investigated PLA(2) transcripts in human meningiomas. Real-time PCR was used to investigate PLA(2) transcripts in 26 human meningioma tumors. Results indicated that three Ca(2+)-dependent high molecular weight PLA(2) (PLA(2)-IVA, PLA(2)-IVB, PLA(2)-IVC), one Ca(2+)-independent high molecular weight PLA(2) (PLA(2)-VI) and five low molecular weight secreted forms of PLA(2) (PLA(2)-IB, PLA(2)-IIA, PLA(2)-III, PLA(2)-V, and PLA(2)-XII) are expressed with PLA(2)-IVA, PLA(2)-IVB, PLA(2)-VI, and PLA(2)-XIIA as the major expressed forms. PLA(2)-IIE, PLA(2)-IIF, PLA(2)-IVD, and PLA(2)-XIIB are not detected. Plasma (PLA(2)-VIIA) and intracellular (PLA(2)-VIIB) platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase transcripts are expressed in human meningiomas. However no difference was found for PLA(2) transcript amounts in relation to the tumor grade, the subtype of meningiomas, the presence of inflammatory infiltrated cells, of an associated edema, mitosis, brain invasion, vascularisation or necrosis. In conclusion numerous genes encoding multiples forms of PLA(2) are expressed in meningiomas where they might act on the phospholipid remodeling and on the local eicosanoid and/or cytokine networks.
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PMID:Analysis of several PLA2 mRNA in human meningiomas. 2033 11