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Query: UNIPROT:P00750 (PLA)
 16,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A new method for isolation and culture of endothelial cells from bovine coronary artery (BCoAEC) is presented. This method involves in situ perfusion and digestion of main coronary arteries with a collagenase solution. The isolated cells were cultured and maintained through many cell passages in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum derived from either whole blood or plasma. Confirmation of these cells' endothelial origin was obtained by demonstration of typical morphologic and growth characteristics of endothelium, immunofluorescent staining with antibodies to von Willebrand factor (Factor VIII: vWF), and measurement of plasminogen activator (PA). In addition, production of PA was inhibited by enzymatically active thrombin as has been previously described with bovine aortic endothelial cells in culture.
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PMID:Bovine coronary artery endothelium: in vitro culture and production of plasminogen activator. 308 24

Elderly patients have previously been shown to have an increased plasma concentration of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) antigen (t-PA Ag). Since the concentration of t-PA Ag depends on both free t-PA and t-PA complexed with inhibitors, mainly plasminogen activator inhibitor (PA inhibitor), we have investigated the relationship between the plasma concentration of PA inhibitor and age in 20 elderly and 20 young individuals. Elderly individuals showed a slight increase in PA inhibitor, in parallel with increase on others, acute-phase proteins, fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, factor VIII:C, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The increase in PA inhibitor as well as other acute-phase proteins in the elderly may be significant in relation to the increased incidence of thrombotic disease.
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PMID:Increase in plasma concentration of plasminogen activator inhibitor, fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, factor VIII:C and in erythrocyte sedimentation rate with age. 309 90

We studied the effects on plasma levels of coagulation and fibrinolysis factors of two currently used "sub-50" oral contraceptive preparations (OCs), one containing 750 micrograms lynestrenol and 37.5 micrograms ethinyl estradiol (LYN-EE) and the other containing 150 micrograms levonorgestrel and 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol (LNG-EE), in groups of about 25 women aged 21 +/- 2 years. After 3 months, plasminogen levels increased in the two experimental groups (LYN-EE and LNG-EE), by 40% and 32%, respectively. This change was positively correlated with changes in ceruloplasmin levels, indicating that an estrogenic effect might be involved. Histidine-rich glycoprotein concentration decreased by 26% and 16%, respectively. Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) activity increased by 260% and 167%; t-PA antigen decreased by 12% and 18%, and t-PA inhibitor activity decreased by 31% and 32%, respectively. In the coagulation system, in both groups factor XII increased by 47% and 34%, respectively. The main inhibitor of factor XII, C1-inactivator, decreased slightly, but this was significant only in the LNG-EE group. The von Willebrand factor antigen fell by 8% and 9%, whereas factor VIII activity did not change. Antithrombin III antigen decreased by 14% in both groups. Factor IX activity increased by 15% and 21%. The difference in hormonal effects of both preparations was reflected by the increases in sex hormone binding globulin (by 130% and 21%) and ceruloplasmin (by 98% and 51%), indicating that LYN-EE had a more estrogenic potency than LNG-EE. In a control group of 25 matched subjects, who were observed simultaneously, we found no significant changes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Effects of two low-dose oral contraceptives on circulating components of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems. 310 29

Factor VIII (FVIII) and plasminogen activator activity (PAA) rise during hypoglycaemia, and this might contribute to the vascular complications of diabetes. Similar changes in haemostasis accompany raised plasma levels of vasopressin (aVP) and adrenaline. To investigate the effects of these hormones on haemostasis during hypoglycaemia and the role of plasma insulin concentrations, eight insulin-dependent diabetic patients underwent controlled hypoglycaemia for 20 min and 13 diabetic patients were investigated during hyperinsulinaemia with blood glucose maintained at 8.0 mmol/l. During hypoglycaemia, insulin levels increased to median values of 114 mU/l, a VP rose from 0.5 to 4.4 (p less than 0.005) pg/ml and adrenaline from 0.4 to 4.4 nmol/l (p less than 0.005). FVIII coagulant activity (FVIII:C) rose from 0.75 to 1.09 IU/ml (p less than 0.01) and the ristocetin co-factor (FVIIIR:Co) and von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag) showed similar responses. PAA increased from 156 to 745 units (p less than 0.005). During hyperinsulinaemia, insulin rose following infusion from 24 to 52 and 118 mU/l, maintained for an hour at each level. Despite this, plasma aVP, FVIII:C, FVIIIR:Co, vWF:Ag and PAA remained unchanged. This study indicates that the marked changes in FVIII, vWF and PAA concentrations which accompany hypoglycaemia depend on low blood glucose and not raised plasma insulin. The response in probably mediated by increases in adrenaline and aVP, which are part of the physiological response to hypoglycaemia.
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PMID:Hormonal control of haemostasis during hypoglycaemia in diabetes mellitus. 311 5

DDAVP was administered at 0.4 microgram kg-1 intravenous (i.v.) and subcutaneous (s.c.) routes to 6 healthy subjects in a double blind crossover study. Both study treatments were well tolerated. Flushing occurred after both treatments but was more prominent after i.v. than after s.c. DDAVP. Mild transient local discomfort at the s.c. injection site occurred in 5 of 6 subjects. The mean peak factor VIII (FVIII) response was 369% and 247% of baseline after i.v. and s.c. DDAVP respectively and the maximum increase in FVIII occurred earlier with the i.v. route. Changes in FVIII antigen (FVIII:Ag) and von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag) were also monitored. Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) activity measured by a chromogenic assay employing soluble fibrin had a median peak value of 2.9 IU ml-1 at 20 min after i.v. and of 1.9 IU ml-1 at 60 min after s.c. DDAVP. t-PA antigen was also measured so that the specific activity of circulating t-PA could be determined. Preinjection median values of 14,650 and 13,700 IU mg-1 increased to peak median values of 236,200 IU mg-1 at 20 min after i.v. and 202,400 IU mg-1 at 60 min after s.c. DDAVP. Plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) activity fell following DDAVP and became undetectable in some subjects during the sampling period. The ratio of maximum fibrinolytic response was similar to the ratio of maximum haemostatic responses obtained by two routes of injection. Our results indicate that s.c. DDAVP might successfully replace i.v. DDAVP in several applications such as confirmation of haemostatic or fibrinolytic responsiveness in patient groups; for obtaining FVIII enriched plasma; as well as its obvious potential usefulness in home treatment of haemophilia A and von Willebrand's disease.
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PMID:Fibrinolytic and haemostatic responses to desamino-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) administered by intravenous and subcutaneous routes in healthy subjects. 312 7

The effect of alpha-tocopherol on various endothelial cell functions was evaluated in vitro using cultures of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Prostacyclin synthesis, plasminogen activator activity and von Willebrand factor activity were evaluated in control and alpha-tocopherol supplemented cultures. Alpha-tocopherol produced stimulation of prostacyclin production which peaked at or near 0.5 mM. Plasminogen activator activity was markedly reduced by the addition of alpha-tocopherol. Von Willebrand factor activity showed a significant decrease of processed and cellular forms that was dose-dependent. The incorporation of alpha-tocopherol into endothelial cells could be demonstrated by measuring intracellular levels of the vitamin in washed endothelial cells. Our results show that alpha-tocopherol has a profound effect on multiple endothelial cell functions which are intimately involved in hemostasis.
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PMID:Alpha-tocopherol, a potent modulator of endothelial cell function. 313 80

In eight male patients with normal liver and kidney function fibrinolytic components were measured in arterial blood and in renal and hepatic vein blood, obtained during catheterization for analysis of hypertension. Blood samples were collected simultaneously from veins und corresponding arteries before and 5 minutes after the completion of intravenous injection of desmopressin (DDAVP), 0.4 micrograms/kg body weight over a 10 minute period. DDAVP induced a rise in t-PA antigen and activity, and in von Willebrand factor, accompanied by a decrease in free PA-inhibitor level. We failed to detect a significant rise in plasma urokinase activity. The concentrations of fibrinogen, plasminogen, alpha 2-antiplasmin, antithrombin III and coeruloplasmin did not change either. Renal production of t-PA under basal conditions was inferred from a negative arterio-venous (A-V) difference in t-PA-activity and in t-PA-antigen levels but this could not be confirmed by orthogonal regression analysis of the same data. A-V differences of other fibrinolytic factors were negligible. In the hepatic vessels a significant positive A-V difference of t-PA-activity and of t-PA-antigen levels was a uniform finding. After DDAVP, when plasma levels were elevated, the mean A-V difference was proportionally higher, consistent with a constant fractional elimination rate. Free PA-inhibitor was virtually absent from arterial blood after DDAVP, but appeared in hepatic vein blood, indicating either production of the inhibitor by the liver or dissociation of a circulating complex of t-PA and its inhibitor in the liver. The blood levels of the other investigated components did not show any change upon passage through the liver.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Renal and hepatic handling of endogenous tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and its inhibitor in man. 314 78

Dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells and accelerated calcification of the abdominal aorta were found in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Indicators of vascular wall function, expressed as the amount of plasminogen activator and von Willebrand factor released during venous occlusion, suggested that the cubital venous wall in patients has normo- or hyper-responsiveness to occlusion. Calcification of the abdominal aorta on CT scan image was observed in most of patients including those of the ages of twenties years. The mean aortic calcification index (ACI), as an indicator of organic changes in vascular wall, was significantly higher in dialysis patients than in the nondialysis subjects. However, the mean values of indicators for vascular wall function decreased and ACI increased, as the period of treatment with hemodialysis became longer. A significant negative correlation was found between the mean ACI and most indicators of vascular wall function. The function of cubital vein was suggested to decrease in association with the progress in mural calcification of the abdominal aorta. We conclude that the alteration of the coagulation-fibrinolysis system induced by repeated hemodialysis may result from and continue to exacerbate endothelial damage, the consequence of which may be atherosclerosis.
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PMID:Response of the cubital vein to occlusion and calcification of the abdominal aorta in patients with chronic renal failure on maintenance hemodialysis. 334 28

Fibrinolytic and other factors have been measured in 73 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus or related conditions to determine whether clinical thrombosis, a common feature of these disorders, is associated with defective fibrinolysis. Twenty five of 72 (35%) patients, compared with two of 22 (9%) controls, showed a low level of plasminogen activator activity in response to venous occlusion, suggesting decreased fibrinolytic potential. In addition, mean plasma levels of von Willebrand factor antigen and fibronectin were markedly raised in the patients (mean (SD) 384.5 (277)% and 727 (436) mg/l respectively) compared with healthy controls (100 (50)% and 306 (65) mg/l). These data suggest a degree of endothelial cell dysfunction. No clear correlation was found between a history of thrombosis and any plasma factor measured, except for prolongation of clotting tests suggestive of the 'lupus anticoagulant'.
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PMID:Indications of vascular endothelial cell dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus. 350 Jun 77

Endothelial cells are a source of physiologically important molecules synthesized therein and secreted to the blood and/or to the subendothelial extracellular matrix. These molecules participate in formation of platelet and fibrin thrombi (e.g., von Willebrand factor and tissue factor) and contribute to antithrombotic properties of the endothelium (e.g., prostacyclin, thrombomodulin, and heparan sulfate). Endothelial cells synthesize and secrete plasminogen activator and inhibitors. They are the source of molecules regulating the growth of other cells; they synthesize angiotensin-converting enzyme, and bind lipoproteins and hormones. Finally, they are the target for, and participant in, immune reactions. Thus, endothelial cells constitute not only the first barrier between the blood and the extravascular space but also serve as a source of molecules influencing the structural and functional integrity of the circulation.
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PMID:Cell biology of endothelial cells. 354 72


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