Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P00750 (PLA)
 16,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two human lymphoblast cell lines, LICR-LON-HMy2 (HMy2 cells) and GM4672A cells, are moderately growth inhibited by dexamethasone (1,4-pregnadien-9-fluoro-16 alpha-methyl-11 beta, 17 alpha, 21-triol-3,20-dione) (Dex). Both cell types secrete a urokinase (UK)-like plasminogen activator (PA). Treatment of both HMy2 and GM4672A cells with Dex for 1-4 days inhibits extracellular PA activity in a concentration-dependent manner, being half-maximal at approximately 1 X 10(-9)M. Inhibition of PA in both cell types is specific for active glucocorticoids, and this specificity parallels the ability of various steroids to bind to glucocorticoid receptors. HMy2 cell PA is fully suppressible by Dex, whereas up to one third of the activator expressed by GM4672A cells is resistant to glucocorticoid inhibition. Mixing experiments using a UK standard and conditioned media from Dex-treated cells suggest an absence of glucocorticoid-inducible inhibitors to UK or plasmin in both cell types. However, conditioned media from Dex-treated GM4672A cells inhibits a portion of the homologous cellular activator in conditioned media from control GM4672A cells. Thus, low levels of glucocorticoid-inducible inhibitors may contribute to, but cannot fully account for, Dex inhibition of GM4672A PA activity. Glucocorticoid-inducible inhibitors in HMy2 cells are either totally absent or are present at undetectable levels. Thus, regulation of UK-like PAs in HMy2 and GM4672A cells differs with respect to the extent to which glucocorticoids inhibit constitutively expressed activator levels, as well as the possible contribution of glucocorticoid-inducible inhibitors to the regulatory process in GM4672A cells.
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PMID:Glucocorticoid inhibition of urokinase-like plasminogen activators in cultured human lymphoblasts. 392 65

Marine organisms are exposed to periodical oxygen deficiency and pollution stress in estuarine and coastal zones which may strongly affect their performance and survival. We studied the combined effects of exposure to a common pollutant, cadmium (Cd), and intermittent anoxia on anaerobic metabolism, energy status and mRNA expression of 13 genes involved in and/or controlled by the hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) pathway in hepatopancreas of an intertidal bivalve, the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica. In control oysters, prolonged anoxia resulted in a selective suppression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and upregulation of cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV (COX4) while the levels of other transcripts remained unchanged. During post-anoxic recovery, mRNA expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) was elevated, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), NOS and LON protease suppressed, and mRNA expression of other studied genes not changed. Notably, most of the key glycolytic genes that are stimulated by HIF-1 in mammals, either remained unchanged or were downregulated in anoxic oysters suggesting a different mechanism of molecular response to oxygen deficiency. Patterns of transcriptional response during anoxia and reoxygenation were significantly altered by Cd exposure in a gene-specific manner. Anaerobic metabolism (indicated by accumulation of l-alanine, succinate and acetate during anoxia) was also suppressed in Cd-exposed oysters. In control oysters, ATP turnover rate (M(ATP)) during anoxia was mostly sustained by anaerobic glycolysis with negligible contributions from ATP and PLA breakdown. In contrast, in Cd-exposed oysters ATP breakdown contributed significantly to anaerobic M(ATP). Thus, while control oysters could efficiently defend the ATP levels and tissue energy status during prolonged anoxia, Cd-exposed oysters experienced a disturbance in tissue energy balance indicated by the depletion of ATP, a rapid decline in adenylate energy charge and increase in ADP/ATP ratios. This energy deficiency combined with suppression of anaerobic metabolism may strongly affect performance and survival of oysters in polluted estuaries where metal pollution may co-occur with "dead zones".
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PMID:Effects of cadmium on anaerobic energy metabolism and mRNA expression during air exposure and recovery of an intertidal mollusk Crassostrea virginica. 2053 54