Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P00750 (PLA)
 16,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A hallmark of parasitic meningitis is the infiltration of eosinophils into the subarachnoid space. Infection with Angiostrongylus cantonensis in mice induced proteinase activity in parallel with the pathological changes of eosinophilic meningitis. Zymogram analysis demonstrated that 70 and 55 kDa proteinases from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were active against the casein/plasminogen substrate. The proteinase activities were clearly inhibited by phenylmethanesulphonyl fluoride but not by ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, 1,10-phenanthroline or leupeptin. Western blotting confirmed these enzymes to be tissue-type plasminogen activator and urokinase-type plasminogen activator, respectively. High activities of tissue-type plasminogen activator and urokinase-type plasminogen activator were detected in the CSF of mice with eosinophilic meningitis, and correlated positively with CSF eosinophil numbers and total protein, respectively. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that tissue-type plasminogen activator and urokinase-type plasminogen activator localised in the endothelial cells of blood vessels, in blood clots and in infiltrated leukocytes. These results suggest that tissue-type plasminogen activator and urokinase-type plasminogen activator may be play a role in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic meningitis of angiostrongyliasis.
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PMID:Elevation of plasminogen activators in cerebrospinal fluid of mice with eosinophilic meningitis caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis. 1554 96

The effects of albendazole and Yin-Chen-Extract co-therapy on Angiostrongylus cantonensis-induced eosinophilic meningitis in BALB/c mice were evaluated. Assay indicators for the therapeutic effect include worm recovery, histopathological score of the fourth ventricle, tissue-type plasminogen activator, urokinase-type plasminogen activator, matrix metalloproteinase-9, cerebrospinal fluid total protein, leukocyte counts, and proinflammatory cytokines. As a result, albendazole and Yin-Chen-Extract co-therapy significantly decreased (P < 0.05) these factors. Although Yin-Chen-Extract may possess pharmacologic activities beneficial to the inhibition of parasite-induced inflammation, many of these hypothetical benefits await scientific testing and confirmation before application. This study suggests that the combination of Yin-Chen-Extract and albendazole has synergistic effects in managing eosinophilic meningitis or eosinophilic meningoencephalitis.
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PMID:Chinese herbal medicine Yin-Chen-Extract as an adjunct to anthelmintic albendazole used against Angiostrongylus cantonensis-induced eosinophilic meningitis or meningoencephalitis. 1696 41

Angiostrongylus cantonensis, the rat lungworm, is the principal cause of human eosinophilic meningitis or meningoencephalitis world-wide. In the present study, the efficacies of early-stage treatment with the Chinese herbal medicine long-dan-xie-gan-tan (LDXGT) and albendazole, used alone or in combination, were evaluated in BALB/c mice with A. cantonensis-induced dysfunction of the blood-central-nervous-system barrier and eosinophilic meningo-encephalitis. Indicators of the therapeutic effect included worm recovery, histopathological scores for the meningitis, assays of tissue-type plasminogen activator (PA), urokinase-type PA and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the brain, the ratio between albumin concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum, and counts of eosinophils in the CSF. Combined treatment with albendazole and LDXGT gave better results than monotherapy based on either drug, apparently inhibiting eosinophilic meningitis via antagonists of the PA/MMP-9 system. LDXGT may have a therapeutic role in reducing inflammatory reaction in the subarachnoid space. Monotherapy with such an anti-inflammatory drug may relieve the symptoms of mild infection and the host's immune responses to A. cantonensis larvae. In severe infection, however, co-therapy with an anthelmintic (to kill the larvae) and an anti-inflammatory agent (to provide symptomatic relief) is probably a better approach. The therapeutic strategy should be tailored to the severity of the illness and the numbers of eosinophils in the CSF.
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PMID:Comparative efficacies of albendazole and the Chinese herbal medicine long-dan-xie-gan-tan, used alone or in combination, in the treatment of experimental eosinophilic meningitis induced by Angiostrongylus cantonensis. 1831 36

In this study, mice (nonpermissive hosts) infected with Angiostrongylus cantonensis showed significant worm degeneration and eosinophil degranulation, whereas infected rats (permissive hosts) showed lower worm degeneration and eosinophil degranulation. Pathophysiological changes developed to a lesser extent in rat than in the mouse strains. Neurological evaluation of A. cantonensis-infected mice showed mechanical damage caused by worms migrating to the brain. A significant correlation between the proteolytic enzymes, plasminogen activator (PA) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and pathological changes was found in hosts with eosinophilic meningitis or meningoencephalitis. Also, the ratio of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to serum albumin was consistently increased in hosts with angiostrongyliasis as compared with control. These data clearly indicate that PA and MMP-9 proteolytic enzymes as well as pathological changes are different in permissive and nonpermissive hosts.
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PMID:Differences of proteolytic enzymes and pathological changes in permissive and nonpermissive animal hosts for Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection. 1967 86