Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P00750 (PLA)
 16,800 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

David Horrobin's membrane phospholipid theory of schizophrenia has held up well over time because his therapeutic prediction that dietary supplementation with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) would have a therapeutic effect has been partially verified and undergoes continued testing. In the final version of his theory, he hypothesized that there was hyperactivity of phosphoslipase A(2) (PLA(2)) or a related enzyme but did not explain how the hyperactivity came about. It is known that serotonergic 5HT(2A/2C) receptors are coupled to PLA(2), which hydrolyzes both arachidonic acid (AA) and EPA from diacylglycerides at the sn-2 position. In this paper, Horrobin's theory is combined with a previously published theory of chronic stress in which it was hypothesized that a disinhibited dorsal raphe nucleus, the principal nucleus of the serotonergic system, can organize the neuropathology of diseases such as migraine, hypertension, and the metabolic syndrome. The new or combined theory is that schizophrenia is a disease of chronic stress in which a disinhibited DRN causes widespread serotonergic overdrive in the cerebral cortex. This in turn causes overdrive of cPLA(2) and both central and peripheral depletion of AA and EPA. Because EPA is present in smaller amounts, it falls below threshold for maintaining an intracellular balance between AA-derived and EPA-derived second messenger cascades, which leads to abnormal patterns of neuronal firing. There are two causes of neuronal dysfunction: the disinhibited DRN and EPA depletion. Schizophrenia is statistically associated with metabolic syndrome, hypertension, and migraine because they form a cluster of diseases with similar pathophysiology. The theory provides an explanation for both the central and peripheral phospholipid abnormalities in schizophrenia. It also explains the role of stress in schizophrenia, elevated serum PLA(2) activity in schizophrenia, the relationship between untreated schizophrenia and metabolic syndrome, and the therapeutic rationale for EPA.
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PMID:Extending David Horrobin's membrane phospholipid theory of schizophrenia: overactivity of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) in the brain is caused by overdrive of coupled serotonergic 5HT(2A/2C) receptors in response to stress. 2298 4

The ratio of correct diagnosis for primary headache has always been relatively low for general practitioners due to the unacquaintance with headache guideline in Chinese primary hospitals. This study proposed a computerized headache guideline method using SAGE module and developed a decision support system for headache diagnosis, which could be expected to help general practitioners of primary hospitals improve diagnostic accuracy. 282 previously diagnosed cases from EMR were used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the system, the result is: migraine 144/153 (94.1%), tension-type headache 89/100 (89.0%), cluster headache 10/11 (90.9%) and chronic daily headache 53/57(93.0%). The proposed system is in the starting phase of the implementation at the outpatient department of Neurology in Chinese PLA general hospital.
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PMID:A guideline-based decision support system for headache diagnosis. 2392 Jul 96

The use of intravenous thrombolytic therapy (ITT) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients is still debated in China. We present the analysis of clinico-demographic retrospective data of 646 AIS patients that were treated by alteplase ITT at our hospital. The data collected included age, gender, education, income, drug use before disease onset, and awareness of stroke/ITT. The risk factors studied were hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, atrial fibrillation, coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction, transient ischemic attack, valvular heart disease, thyroid disease, migraine, asymptomatic carotid stenosis, family history of stroke, hyperhomocysteinemia, smoking, drinking, and gingivitis. Pre-ITT patient data included blood pressure and time from onset to hospital. Post-ITT patient data included National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores, clinical outcome, revascularization, hemorrhage, healing rate, and 90-day mortality. Hospital management information included monthly ITT cases, discharges, bed turnaround times, length of hospital stay, bed utilization, drug ratio, massive cerebral infarction decompressive craniectomy, and social impact. Prognosis evaluation was based on post-ITT NIHSS and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores. We found that ITT success rate was 75.85 %, with a bleeding rate of 1.55 % and a 90-day mortality rate of 2.01 %. Overall, the data suggest that the ITT therapy was highly successful in AIS patients treated at our hospital.
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PMID:Use of Intravenous Thrombolytic Therapy in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients: Evaluation of Clinical Outcomes. 2555 51

The pathophysiology of migraine is complex. Neuroimaging studies reveal functional and structural changes in the brains of migraine patients. We sought to explore regional volume differences in intracranial structures in patients with episodic and chronic migraine. Sixteen episodic migraine patients, 16 chronic migraine patients, and 24 normal controls were recruited and underwent 3.0 T MRI scanning. The volumes of 142 brain regions were calculated by an automatic volumetric algorithm and compared with clinical variables. Results demonstrated that the volumes of specific regions in the frontal and occipital lobes, and the right putamen, were increased and the volume of the fourth ventricle was decreased in the episodic migraine patients compared with controls. The volumes of the left basal forebrain, optic chiasm, and, the fourth ventricle were decreased in the chronic migraine patients, while the occipital cortex and the right putamen were larger. Compared to episodic migraine patiants, chronic migraine patients displayed larger left thalamus and smaller frontal regions. Correlation analysis showed that headache frequency was negatively correlated with the volume of the right frontal pole, right lateral orbital gyrus, and medial frontal lobes and positively correlated with the volume of the left thalamus. The sleep disturbance score was negatively correlated with the volume of the left basal forebrain. This suggests that migraine patients have structural changes in regions associated with pain processing and modulation, affective and cognitive processing, and visual perception. The remodeling of selective intracranial structures may be involved in migraine attacks. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Chinese PLA General Hospital (approval No. S2018-027-02) on May 31, 2018.
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PMID:Regional volume changes of the brain in migraine chronification. 3220 74

Hemiplegic migraine (HM) is a rare type of migraine which presents with motor and sensory impairment like a cerebrovascular accident (CVA). We present a case of a 36-year-old female, with a prior CVA treated with alteplase, who presented to the emergency department with stroke-like symptoms with a duration of 1 hour. The NIH Stroke Scale score was 22 at presentation. The patient received alteplase under the supervision of a neurologist after head CT confirmed no bleed. Further work-up revealed no acute or remote ischaemia or infarction. This case demonstrates the importance of a thorough history, intercommunication between health systems and integrated Electronic Medical Records (EMR) for early diagnosis and management of HM.
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PMID:Not All Patients with Hemiplegia Need Alteplase: A Case of Hemiplegic Migraine. 3252 18