Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P00492 (hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase)
 2,385 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

3-Chloro-4-(chloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (CMCF), a chlorine disinfection by-product in drinking water, was mutagenic in the Salmonella/his (Ames) assay for both base-pair substitution strains (TA1535, TA100, TA102) and frameshift strains (TA97, TA98) with the highest mutagenic response observed in strain TA100 (1292 revertants/microgram). The presence in TA100 of pKM101 plasmid, which enhances error-phone DNA repair, greatly increased susceptibility to CMCF mutagenicity relative to the isogenic strain TA1535 lacking pKM101. In the Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell hprt (6-thioguanine resistance) locus assay, the mutagenicity of CMCF (1.04 mutants/10(6) clonable cells per microgram/ml) was barely detectable because of the low mutagenicity/cytotoxicity ratio. From the present experiments it appears that CMCF acts in a manner similar to that of another drinking water mutagen, 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX). However, CMFC appears to be a less potent mutagen in vitro than MX.
 ...
PMID:Salmonella and mammalian-cell mutagenicity of 3-chloro-4-(chloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone. 756 15

The kinds of mutations induced by 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX) in the protein coding region of the hprt gene of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were determined by direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified cDNA. Primary mutations were found in 15 of 19 of the mutants: 11 were G:C-->T:A transversions, two were A:T-->T:A transversions and two were deletions of single G:C base pairs (-1 frameshifts). The remaining four mutants had large alterations in the cDNA that were explained by mRNA splicing errors. A group of control mutants had more diverse hprt cDNA alterations than MX-induced mutants. Transversions yielding an A:T base pair were the predominant type of MX-induced mutations, in agreement with previous findings in bacteria. This specificity may be explained by the 'A rule', that DNA polymerases preferentially insert adenine nucleotides opposite non-instructional lesions.
 ...
PMID:Kinds of mutations induced by 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX) in the hprt gene of Chinese hamster ovary cells. 864 Sep 33