Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P00492 (hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase)
 2,385 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An 11-year-old boy with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (LNS) had persistently injured himself by biting his lips and buccal mucosa since infancy. Risperidone was only partially effective in suppressing this behavior. Oral administration of S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), involving increasing the dose from 400 mg to 1 g, resulted in the amelioration of self-injurious behavior and anxiety as well as marked improvement in his self-esteem, performance at school, and friendships. No adverse effects were noted. SAMe may have a favorable effect on symptoms of LNS by activating monoaminergic pathways and/or increasing the adenosine pool in the salvage pathway of guanosine monophosphate synthesis. Defects in these pathways have been essentially implicated in the neurological pathophysiology of LNS.
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PMID:Treatment of self-injurious behaviors in Lesch-Nyhan syndrome with S-adenosylmethionine. 3001 Nov 50

Lesch-Nyhan disease (LND) is a rare monogenic disease caused by deficiency of the salvage pathway enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT). LND is characterized by severe neuropsychiatric symptoms that currently cannot be treated. Predictive in vivo models are lacking for screening and evaluating candidate drugs because LND-associated neurological symptoms are not recapitulated in HGPRT-deficient animals. Here, we used human neural stem cells and neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) of children affected with LND to identify neural phenotypes of interest associated with HGPRT deficiency to develop a target-agnostic-based drug screening system. We screened more than 3000 molecules and identified 6 pharmacological compounds, all possessing an adenosine moiety, that corrected HGPRT deficiency-associated neuronal phenotypes by promoting metabolism compensations in an HGPRT-independent manner. This included S-adenosylmethionine, a compound that had already been used as a compassionate approach to ease the neuropsychiatric symptoms in LND. Interestingly, these compounds compensate abnormal metabolism in a manner complementary to the gold standard allopurinol and can be provided to patients with LND via simple food supplementation. This experimental paradigm can be easily adapted to other metabolic disorders affecting normal brain development and functioning in the absence of a relevant animal model.
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PMID:Rescuing compounds for Lesch-Nyhan disease identified using stem cell-based phenotypic screening. 3199 Jun 83