Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P00492 (hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase)
 2,385 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Characteristics of the allelic polymorphisms of the trimeric AGC repeat of the androgen receptor gene (Xq11-12), exon 1 (AR); the tetrameric ATCT repeat of the von Willebrand factor gene (12p12), intron 40 (vWF); the AGAT repeat of the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase gene (Xq26) (HPRT); and the AGAT repeat of anonymous DNA sequences of the short arm of chromosome X (STRX1) were studied in 160 DNA samples from unrelated inhabitants of northwestern Russia using the method of polymerase chain reaction. Seventeen, ten, eight, and nine alleles were revealed electrophoretically for short tandem repeats of AR, vWF, HPRT, and STRX1, respectively. The heterozygosity indices for these repeats were 0.80, 0.70, 0.54, and 0.58, respectively. The values for AR and vWF correlated with those expected, according to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, whereas the values for HPRT and STRX1 differed significantly from those theoretically expected. The individualization potentials were 0.045, 0.135, 0.095, and 0.061 for the short tandem repeats of AR, vWF, HPRT, and STRX1, respectively. The distribution of genotypes for the set of these four loci in the population studied was determined. The possibilities of using the studied polymorphic marker systems in molecular diagnosis of the corresponding monogenic diseases--spinal and bulbar muscle atrophy (AR), Lesch-Nyhan disease (HPRT), and von Willebrand disease (vWF)--as well as in population human genetics, testing of personal identity, and molecular approaches to the estimation of mutagenic activity are discussed.
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PMID:[Analysis of the allelic polymorphism of four short tandem repeats in a population from the northwestern region of Russia]. 763 21

An important limitation of standard transgenic assays is that multiple copies of the transgene are inserted randomly into the mouse genome, resulting in line-to-line variation in expression. One way to control for these variables is to target a single copy of the transgene to a defined locus of the mouse genome by homologous recombination. In the present study, we have used such an approach to target the promoters of 2 different genes, namely von Willebrand factor (VWF) and Flt-1, to the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (Hprt) gene locus. Consistent with previous findings in standard transgenic animals, we report that the VWF promoter contains information for expression in a subset of endothelial cells in the heart, skeletal muscle, and brain. In contrast, the Flt-1 promoter directs expression in all vascular beds except for the liver. The Flt-1 transgene was active in the endothelium of tumor xenografts, whereas the VWF promoter was not. Under in vitro conditions, conditioned medium from tumor cells resulted in a significant up-regulation of Flt-1 mRNA and promoter activity, but no change in VWF levels. Taken together, these results suggest that (1) Hprt locus targeting is a valuable tool for studying vascular bed-specific gene regulation, (2) the VWF and Flt-1 promoters are regulated by distinct transcriptional mechanisms in the intact endothelium, and (3) tumor angiogenesis results in the differential activation of endothelial cell-specific promoters.
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PMID:Differential regulation of the von Willebrand factor and Flt-1 promoters in the endothelium of hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase-targeted mice. 1239 68