Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:O76050 (neu)
 3,969 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

ESX is an epithelial-restricted member of a large family of transcription factors known as the Ets family. ESX expression has been shown to be correlated with Her2/neu proto-oncogene amplification in highly aggressive breast cancers and induced by Her2/neu in breast cell lines, but its role in tumorigenesis is unknown. Previously, we have shown that ESX enhances breast cell survival in colony-formation assays. In order to determine whether ESX can act as a transforming gene, we stably transfected MCF-12A human mammary epithelial cells with the ESX expression vector, pCGN2-HA-ESX. The MCF-12A cell line is immortalized, but nontransformed, and importantly, these cells fail to express endogenous ESX protein. We used pCGN2-HA-Ets-2 and pSVRas expression vectors as positive controls for transformation. Like HA-Ets-2 and V12-Ras, stable expression of ESX induced EGF-independent proliferation, serum-independent MAPK phosphorylation and growth in soft agar. Additionally, stable ESX expression conferred increased cell adhesion, motility and invasion in two-dimensional and transwell filter assays, and an epithelial to mesenchymal morphological transition. In three-dimensional cultures, parental and vector control (pCGN2) cells formed highly organized duct-like structures with evidence of cell polarity, ECM adhesion-dependent proliferation and cell survival, and lack of cellular invasion into surrounding matrix. Remarkably, the ESX stable cells formed solid, disorganized structures, with lack of cell polarity, loss of adhesion junctions and cytokeratin staining and loss of dependence on ECM adhesion for cell proliferation and survival. In addition, ESX cells invaded the surrounding matrix, indicative of a transformed and metastatic phenotype. Taken together, these data show that ESX expression alone confers a transformed and in vitro metastatic phenotype to otherwise normal MCF-12A cells.
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PMID:ESX induces transformation and functional epithelial to mesenchymal transition in MCF-12A mammary epithelial cells. 1476 72

In this study, a double network hydrogel of a natural polysaccharide gellan gum (GG) hydrogel and a synthetic hydrogel poloxamer-heparin (PoH) hydrogel (PoH/GG DNH) is introduced to complement disadvantages of each hydrogel and improve the microenvironment for cell delivery. The microstructure, surface morphology, gelation temperature, swelling and weight loss, sol fraction, mechanical property and thermal stability was examined. The potential of the composite hydrogel for cell vehicle was demonstrated by encapsulation of bone marrow stem cells isolated from rabbits (rBMSCs) within the PoH/GG DNH in vitro. The results showed that the DNH system supported cell survival and retained rBMSCs morphology and phenotype. Moreover, cell distribution, adherence, and ECM production were supported by PoH/GG DNH in vivo. Overall results provide a potential opportunity to apply the composite hydrogels in tissue engineering purpose.
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PMID:Evaluation of double network hydrogel of poloxamer-heparin/gellan gum for bone marrow stem cells delivery carrier. 3138 36