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 1,275 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Standardization of prepared dentinal surfaces for in vitro investigations is needed for evaluation of luting and bonding agents. Forty-eight intact, noncarious human molars were prepared either with silicon carbide paper mounted on a circular grinder or with carbide bur or a diamond mounted in a dental handpiece, and the dentinal surfaces were analyzed in a profilometer for surface roughness. The results were computed with a parametric ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc test. The dentinal surfaces prepared by Brasseler super coarse, coarse, medium, and Premier coarse diamonds by use of a high-speed dental handpiece with water spray were statistically different (p < 0.0001) but closely resembled a dentinal surface prepared by a 60-grit silicon carbide abrasive on a circular grinder. The fine diamonds resembled a prepared dentinal surface similar to a spectrum of SiC papers from 60 to 120 grits, whereas the carbide burs appeared to create various surfaces, depending on the manufacturer.
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PMID:Dentinal surface roughness: a comparison of tooth preparation techniques. 838 89

Primary rat bone marrow cells were cultured for 2 weeks in polystyrene dishes whose surfaces had been roughened using 600- or 320-grit silicon carbide paper. Eight samples were prepared of each of the three groups of dishes, to include a nontreated control surface. Following the culture period, the dishes were stained by von Kossa's method. The distribution of bone formed during the culture period was examined by light microscopy and the area of bone formed quantified. Results demonstrated that both the amount and spatial distribution of bone were influenced by the roughness of the underlying substratum. Differences between the smooth and roughened surfaces were statistically different at P < .05.
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PMID:Guided bone tissue elaboration by osteogenic cells in vitro. 846 47

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of resin-modified glass-ionomer restorative materials to dentin. The materials tested were Fuji II LC, Geristore, Photac-Fil, VariGlass VLC, and Vitremer. Ketac-Fil, a conventional glass ionomer, was used as the control. The occlusal surfaces of 60 extracted molars were ground flat in dentin using 600-grit silicon carbide abrasive paper. Dentin surfaces were treated according to manufacturers' instructions, and restorative materials were applied using gelatin capsule matrices. Shear bond strengths were determined after the specimens were thermocycled 500 times. Mean bond strengths of the resin-modified glass ionomers ranged from 1.4 MPa (Photac-Fil) to 12.3 MPa (Fuji II LC). Except for Photac-Fil, all values were significantly higher than the control. Pairwise comparisons between the means for Fuji II LC and Vitremer, Vitremer and Geristore, and Geristore and VariGlass were not significantly different.
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PMID:Shear bond strengths of resin-modified glass-ionomer restorative materials. 870 Jul 81

The purpose of this pilot study was to determine how lactic acid solution at various concentrations and etching times affected prepared human enamel and dentin surfaces and to assess whether it could be used in place of phosphoric or maleic acid as an etchant. The occlusal surfaces of extracted molar teeth were ground wet with 600-grit silicon carbide paper and treated with various aqueous solutions of lactic acid. Random samples were prepared for observation by scanning electron microscopy. The rest were used to determine shear bond strength of bonded dental composite cylinders. The micrographs revealed that lactic acid dissolved the smear layer with various degrees of etching and demineralization. The degree of smear layer and matrix removal was proportional to the concentration of the acid and the length of application time. A 20% lactic acid concentration applied for 10 seconds produced a clearly etched surface with minimal demineralization. A 30% concentration not only removed the smear layer and enlarged the dentin tubule orifices but also appeared to affect the collagen matrix. The shear bond strength to enamel treated with 50% lactic acid (17.5 +/- 1.5 MPa) and All-Bond 2 etchant (18.9 +/- 1.3 MPa) were not significantly different (p > 0.05). However, mean dentin bond strengths for all groups of lactic acid etchant and All-Etch etchant (10% phosphoric acid) were statistically similar.
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PMID:A pilot study of lactic acid as an enamel and dentin conditioner for dentin-bonding agent development. 888 97

Surface topography plays a critical role in the interaction of dental implants with adjacent tissues. It has been hypothesized that an increase in surface roughness will result in an increase in calcium and phosphorus deposition after immersion in a simulated physiological solution and will increase protein production and calcium uptake by osteoblast-like cells. With the use of a profilometer, titanium samples ground with 600 grit silicon carbide paper were observed to have an average roughness (Ra) value of 0.28 +/- 0.03 micron, whereas titanium samples polished with 0.3 micron Al2O3 exhibited a Ra value of 0.11 +/- 0.01 micron. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses indicated the presence of calcium, phosphorus, sodium, and chlorine on both surface conditions after immersion in a protein-free physiologic solution. No significant difference in calcium and phosphorus concentrations were observed between the 600 grit or Al2O3 polished titanium samples after immersion in solution. The Ca/P ratio for both 600 grit and Al2O3 polished titanium was in the range of 0.8 to 1.1 after 12 days in solution. The percent protein retained by the rat bone marrow cell layer on both the Al2O3 polished and 600 grit titanium surfaces increased dramatically during the initial 3 days of the study. The 45Ca assays revealed no significant difference in cellular calcification on Al2O3 polished and 600 grit titanium surfaces. For both the Al2O3 polished and 600 grit surfaces, a sharp increase in 45Ca incorporation was observed after 9 days incubation.
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PMID:Effect of surface topography of titanium on surface chemistry and cellular response. 908 79

Enamel microabrasion has become accepted as a conservative, nonrestorative method of improving the appearance of teeth with superficial dysmineralization and decalcification defects. This article reviews the technique of enamel microabrasion using a commercially available compound of hydrochloric acid and fine-grit silicon carbide particles in a water-soluble paste. It also describes a method of combining enamel microabrasion with carbamide peroxide home bleaching. Finally, it presents the cases of representative patients who underwent enamel microabrasion (alone or in combination with dental bleaching).
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PMID:Enamel microabrasion: observations after 10 years. 912 Jan 46

This study evaluated the bonding mechanism of Compoglass compomer to dentin in primary teeth. Buccal or labial dentinal surfaces of 20 human extracted, non carious primary teeth stored in 4 degrees C physiological saline solution were obtained by grinding on silicon carbide paper (final grit 600). The specimens were divided into two groups of 10 teeth each: (1) unetched dentin, Compoglass SCA, Compoglass; and (2) dentin etched with 10% phosphoric acid (Etch-AII), Compoglass SCA, Compoglass. The Compoglass SCA and Compoglass compomer were placed according to the instructions of the manufacturer, except Group 2 were the dentin was first etched with 10% phosphoric acid for 30 seconds. Twenty-four hours after placing the compomer over the treated dentinal surface, the specimens were dehydrated with a series of alcohol and freon. Then critically point dried. The specimens were split with a chisel and the compomer/dentin interface evaluation was performed with the SEM. The results showed that when the instructions of the manufacturer were followed (Group 1) the compomer showed a very close relation to the dentin with some tag structures penetrating the dentin. When phosphoric acid etching preceded the compomer placement a hybrid layer with tags penetrating the dentin was noted in most specimens.
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PMID:Bonding mechanism of Compoglass to dentin in primary teeth. 964 Oct 96

It has been proposed that calcium ions play a key role in chemical (chelate) binding between the adhesive resin and dentin surface. However, no data is available concerning how calcium ions are distributed at the binding sites. The aim of this study is to demonstrate calcium ions at the resin-dentin interface by means of X-ray microanalysis and calcium ion-sensitive histochemical staining. The dentin surface in human teeth was ground by use of 240 grit silicon carbide abrasive paper under running water and treated with the dentin-primer and adhesive resin in Clearfil Liner Bond System or IMPERVA Bond System according to the manufacturer's instructions. After removing dentin matrix and isolating adhesive resin by the KOH-digestion method, one half of the samples were processed for scanning electron microscopy. The rest were embedded in Epon 812 and processed either for glyoxal bis (2-hydroxyanil) (GBHA) staining or transmission electron microscopy combined with X-ray microanalysis. Transmission electron microscopy revealed Ca-phosphate deposits at the bottom of the resin-impregnated layer. The adhesive resin above the resin-impregnated layer was amorphous and showed no precipitates of Ca-phosphate. GBHA displayed intense calcium reactions throughout the resin-impregnated layer and also moderate ones in the 10 microns (Clearfil Liner Bond System) or 30 microns (IMPERVA Bonding System) thick boundary zone of the adhesive resin as well as in the resin tags. These data are the first to offer a distinct localization of calcium ions within the adhesive resin at the dentin-resin interface.
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PMID:Distribution of calcium ions at the interface between resin bonding materials and tooth dentin. Use of commercially available adhesive systems. 980 Mar 73

Thirty-six noncarious human molars were extracted and stored in saline. The buccal surfaces were ground wet on 400-grit silicon carbide paper to create a flat surface. The enamel and dentin surfaces were treated with 35% phosphoric acid gel, 10% phosphoric acid gel and 10% maleic acid gel for 15 and 60 seconds. Scanning electron microscope analysis showed that all the acid etchants modified the micromorphological appearance of enamel and dentin surfaces independent of the type of acid, the etching time and the concentration. On the enamel surface, the 35% and 10% phosphoric acid gels and the 10% maleic acid gel applied for 15 or 60 seconds preferentially removed the prism core material. In the specimens treated for 15 seconds with 10% maleic acid the prism core material was partially removed. On the dentin surface, the phosphoric acid gels (35% and 10%) and the 10% maleic acid gel applied for 15 and 60 seconds removed the smear layer and opened the dentinal tubule orifices; however, the dentinal surface etched for 15 or 60 seconds with 10% maleic acid gel showed residues of the smear layer.
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PMID:Morphological effect of the type, concentration and etching time of acid solutions on enamel and dentin surfaces. 983 98

This study evaluated the effect of the thickness of the adhesive resin layer of two commercially available resin bonding systems on bond strengths (Single Bond and Liner Bond 2V). The adhesive of Single Bond contains ethanol and water as solvents and is applied using the moist-bonding technique. The adhesive of Liner Bond 2V contains no solvents and is applied after a self-etching primer treatment. Forty-six caries-free molars were ground flat to expose the dentin surface and polished with #800-grit silicon carbide paper under running water. A vinyl tape punched with a 6 mm diameter hole was then placed on the dentin surface to demarcate the area for bonding. The thickness of the adhesive resin layer was varied by stacking an increasing numbers of vinyl tapes together. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups and treated with either Clearfil Liner Bond 2V or Single Bond. They were further divided into subgroups according to the number of tapes placed on the dentin surface. After the bonding procedures the teeth were incrementally restored with Clearfil AP-X resin composite, building a 5 mm high crown to produce sufficient bulk for the microtensile bond test and stored in tap water at 37 degrees C for 24 hours. The teeth were then sectioned along their long axis into 0.7 mm thick slabs and trimmed for the microtensile bond test using a super-fine diamond bur. The thickness of the adhesive resin layer was then measured with a light microscope and the slabs tested in tension at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute. The results were subjected to statistical analysis by a one-way analysis of variance and linear regressions with 95% confidence intervals. The thickness of the Clearfil Liner Bond 2V adhesive layer ranged from 5 mm-1500 mm, and for Single Bond, it varied from < 7.5 mm-430 mm. For Clearfil Liner Bond 2V, bond strengths increased significantly as the thickness of bonding layer increased (p < 0.05). However, the bond strengths of the Single Bond decreased significantly with increased thickness of the bonding layer (p < 0.05).
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PMID:Relationship between adhesive thickness and microtensile bond strength. 1120 83


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