Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:A7KAX9 (grit)
 1,275 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The objective was to measure the combined effect of mucin, chlorhexidine and tea solution on the staining of four dental resin composites, and to determine the effect of surface sealant on staining. One side of cured resin composite specimens of 10 mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness were polished with 600-grit silicon carbide paper. One group of specimens (n = 5) was treated with a surface sealant [BisCover, Bisco, USA; SS (surface sealant) group], and the other group was not (NO group; control). Specimens were sequentially immersed in the following substances: Mucin in phosphate buffered saline (PBS); chlorhexidine; tea solution; and ultrasonic cleaning and then immersion in PBS. Color was measured on a reflection spectrophotometer. Changes in color (DeltaE (*) (ab)) and color parameters, such as hue, chroma and value, after immersion in tea solution and subsequent cleaning were analyzed by repeated measures, analysis of variance at the 0.05 level of significance. The range of DeltaE (*) (ab) values after immersion in tea solution was 11.4-21.1 for NO group and 10.5-19.6 for SS group, and that after cleaning was 2.4-10.0 for NO group and 2.7-8.3 for SS group. After staining, CIE L (*) value (lightness) decreased, and CIE a (*) and b (*) values increased. Color changes of resin composites were not acceptable after sequential immersion treatment (DeltaE (*) ( ab ) > 3.3). The changes in color and color parameters of sealant applied group were not significantly different from those of control group except for a few combinations of color parameters and resin composites.
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PMID:Combined effects of staining substances on resin composites before and after surface sealant application. 1713 9

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of hydrophobic acid-etched (A) and coarse-blasted large-grit and acid-etched (SLA) surfaces as well as hydrophilic modified acid-etched (modA) and modified coarse-blasted large-grit and acid-etched (modSLA) surfaces on the behavior of MG63 cells grown on these surfaces through determination of cell attachment and cell proliferation, time-lapse microscopy of fluorescence-labeled cells, and determination of gene expression by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). No significant difference of cell attachment on various titanium surfaces was found. Increased cell proliferation was observed on the A surface and the SLA surface compared with the modA surface and the modSLA surface. After 2 days of incubation, on modSLA and modA surfaces a tendency of formation of cell clusters has been observed, which was most pronounced on modSLA surface. On the A and the SLA surface, cell cluster formation started after longer incubation periods. The expression level of the bone-associated genes (alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, type-I-collagen, osteoprotegerin, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase) detected by RT-PCR was highest on the modSLA surface. In conclusion it has been demonstrated that the modSLA surface results in an enhanced cluster formation of osteoblasts grown on this surface and in an increased expression of key osteogenic regulatory genes in osteoblasts.
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PMID:The initial attachment and subsequent behavior regulation of osteoblasts by dental implant surface modification. 1732 17

The objective of this study was to characterize the physicochemical, dissolution, and osteogenic properties of radio frequency magnetron sputtered dicalcium pyrophosphate/tricalciumphosphate (Pyro/TCP) and hydroxylapatite (HA) coatings. Therefore Pyro/TCP and HA coatings were deposited on grit-blasted titanium discs. The results showed that the deposited coatings were amorphous and changed into a crystalline structure after IR heat-treatment of 550 degrees C for HA and 650 degrees C for Pyro/TCP. Heat-treated HA coatings appeared to be stable during immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF), that is no changes in the XRD pattern were observed. Also, no dissolution of the coating was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) revealed that the Ca/P ratio of the HA coatings remained constant during SBF immersion. On the other hand, the heat-treated Pyro/TCP coatings showed a surface reaction of calcium pyrophosphate into a beta-tricalcium phosphate phase during SBF immersion. This was confirmed by EDS analysis. Rat bone marrow-derived osteoblast-like cells cultured on the heat-treated substrates showed that cell proliferation and differentiation occurred on both types of bioceramic coatings. No significant differences for proliferation and early differentiation were observed between cells cultured on heat-treated Pyro/TCP and HA at individual time points. However, osteocalcin expression, a late marker for osteoblast-like cell differentiation, was significantly increased after 12 days of culture on HA-coatings. These results were confirmed by SEM observations and suggest increased osteogenic properties for HA-coatings over Pyro/TCP-coatings. Additional research is necessary to obtain conclusive evidence on the in vivo osteogenic capacity of Pyro/TCP coatings.
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PMID:Characterization and in vitro evaluation of biphasic calcium pyrophosphate-tricalciumphosphate radio frequency magnetron sputter coatings. 1763 19

Rats fed a corn grit diet containing large amounts of ferric citrate absorb and deposit excessive amounts of iron in their livers. Undoubtedly various factors are involved in iron absorption, but these studies indicate that the low level of dietary phosphate was primarily responsible. The addition of phosphate salts to this diet has shown that the amount of iron deposited in the liver was inversely related to the phosphorus content of the diet. It is possible to obtain excessive iron deposits in the livers of animals receiving a normal diet, by adding large amounts of iron salts to the diet. This is not associated with losses of body weight in these animals. It is concluded that the absolute amount of iron and/or phosphorus in the diet as well as the iron-phosphorus ratio influences the amount of iron absorbed.
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PMID:The influence of diet on iron absorption; the interrelation of iron and phosphorus. 1813 94

The osseointegration of oral implants is related to the early interactions between osteoblastic cells and titanium surfaces. The behaviour of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells was compared on four different titanium surfaces: mirror-polished (Smooth-Ti), alumina grit-blasted (Alumina-Ti) or biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic grit-blasted (BCP-Ti) and a commercially available implant surface (SLA). Scanning electron microscopy and profilometry showed distinct microtopographies. The BCP-Ti group had higher average surface roughness (Ra=2.5 microm) than the other grit-blasted groups. Hydrophilicity and surfaces energies were determined on the different substrates by dynamic contact angle measurements. The most hydrophilic surface was the Alumina-Ti discs, while SLA was the most hydrophobic. The titanium surfaces were all oxidized as TiO2 and polluted by carbon contaminants, as determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Alumina-Ti samples also exhibited aluminium peaks as a result of the blasting. The BCP-Ti discs contained traces of calcium and phosphorus. MC3T3-E1 cells attached, spread and proliferated on the substrates. For both the SLA and BCP-Ti groups, the entire surface was covered with a layer of osteoblastic cells after 2 days. At high magnification, the cells exhibited cytoplasmic extensions and filopodia. Compared with plastic, cell viability was similar with the Smooth-Ti, slightly lower with the Alumina-Ti and superior with the SLA and BCP-Ti groups. Alkaline phosphatase activity increased with the culture time whatever the substrate. This study shows that BCP-blasting produces rough titanium implants without surface contaminants.
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PMID:Osteoblastic cell behaviour on different titanium implant surfaces. 1822 85

A rapid and efficient method of inoculation for Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (TSWV) was achieved by applying the inoculum with a device consisting of a spray gun, an atomizer and a CO2-powered sprayer. The inoculum contained infected leaf sap prepared in 0.1M phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, 0.2% sodium sulfite and 0.01 M 2-mercaptoethanol (1g: 10 ml) and 1% each of Celite 545 and Carborundum 320 grit. The spray application of chilled inoculum at the rate of 1.1 ml/plant and at an air pressure of 4.1 bar resulted in systemic infection nearly to a 100% of the tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants inoculated. The inoculation procedure was successfully applied to two other important host species of TSWV, peanut (Arachis hypogaea) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), where 75.0-100% and 72.2-91.6% plants developed systemic infection, respectively. The approach facilitated a much faster inoculation of test plants with TSWV as it was estimated to be about 50 times quicker (depending on the plant species) than the hand inoculation. The procedure is suitable for rapid and simultaneous inoculation of a large number of test plants with TSWV and should facilitate screening of germplasm and breeding lines for virus resistance.
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PMID:A rapid and efficient inoculation method for Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus. 1827 38

Five organic matters, three phosphate compounds, zerovalent iron grit (ZVIG, 2% by soil weight), two alkaline compounds, and two commercial formulations were incorporated, singly and some combined with ZVIG, into a highly Cu-contaminated topsoil (Soil P7, 2600 mg Cu kg(-1)) from a wood treatment facility. Formulations and two composts were also singly incorporated into a slightly Cu-contaminated topsoil (Soil P10, 118 mg Cu kg(-1)) from the facility surrounding. This aimed to reduce the labile pool of Cu and its accumulation in beans cultivated on potted soils in a climatic chamber. Lowest Cu concentration in soil solution occurred in P7 soils amended with activated carbon (5%) and ZVIG, singly and combined. Basic slag (3.9%) and compost of sewage sludge (5%) combined with ZVIG promoted shoot production and limited foliar Cu accumulation. For amended P10 soils, no changes occurred in soil solution and foliar Cu concentrations, but one compost increased shoot production.
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PMID:Remediation of copper-contaminated topsoils from a wood treatment facility using in situ stabilisation. 1848 89

Osseointegration, in terms of the bone apposition ratio (BAR) and the new bone area (NBA), was measured by backscattered electron imaging. The results were compared for four implant types: grit-blasted and NaOH-treated Ti-6Al-4V (Uncoated-NaOH), electrodeposited with hydroxyapatite without alkali treatment (ED-HAp), electrodeposited with hydroxyapatite after alkali treatment (NaOH-ED-HAp), and plasma sprayed with hydroxyapatite (PS-HAp). No heat treatment was done after soaking in NaOH. The implants were press fitted into the intramedullary canal of mature New Zealand white rabbits and analyzed, both at the diaphyseal and at the metaphyseal zones, either 1week or 12weeks after surgery. NaOH-ED-HAp already exhibited a higher BAR value than the ED-HAp at 1week, and was as good as the commercial PS-HAp at 12weeks. The NBA value for NaOH-ED-HAp at 12weeks was the highest. The higher content of octacalcium phosphate in NaOH-ED-HAp, as evident from the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of the oxygen shake-up peaks, and the associated increase in the solubility of this coating in vivo are considered responsible for the enhanced osseointegration. Taking into account also the reduced occurrence of delamination and the inherent advantages of the electrodeposition process, electrodeposition of HAp following soaking in NaOH may become an attractive alternative for the traditional plasma-sprayed process for coating of orthopedic and dental implants.
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PMID:Enhanced osseointegration of grit-blasted, NaOH-treated and electrochemically hydroxyapatite-coated Ti-6Al-4V implants in rabbits. 1925 97

This study investigated the surface characteristics and bone response of titanium implants produced by hydrothermal treatment using H(3)PO(4), and compared them with those of implants produced by commercial surface treatment methods - machining, acid etching, grit blasting, grit blasting/acid etching or spark anodization. The surface characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, thin-film X-ray diffractometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, contact angle measurement and stylus profilometry. The osteoconductivity of experimental implants was evaluated by removal torque testing and histomorphometric analysis after 6 weeks of implantation in rabbit tibiae. Hydrothermal treatment with H(3)PO(4) and subsequent heat treatment produced a crystalline phosphate ion-incorporated oxide (titanium oxide phosphate hydrate, Ti(2)O(PO(4))(2)(H(2)O)(2); TiP) surface approximately 5microm in thickness, which had needle-like surface microstructures and superior wettability compared with the control surfaces. Significant increases in removal torque forces and bone-to-implant contact values were observed for TiP implants compared with those of the control implants (p<0.001). After thorough cleaning of the implants removed during the removal torque testing, a considerable quantity of attached bone was observed on the surfaces of the TiP implants.
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PMID:Osteoconductivity of hydrophilic microstructured titanium implants with phosphate ion chemistry. 1933

The aim of this study was to evaluate the healing of self-contained coronal defects on a sand-blasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) surface implant, which had a calcium phosphate (CaP) coating applied by ion-beam-assisted deposition (IBAD). We also evaluated the effect of heating the coating to different temperatures. The CaP-coated SLA implants exhibited a slightly larger bone healing capacity in the self-contained coronal defect than SLA implants, indicating that combining SLA surface implants and a CaP coating by the IBAD method had synergistic effects on bone healing. There was no difference in the healing capacity between 350 degrees C and 450 degrees C heat treatment of the coating layer.
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PMID:Effects of calcium phosphate coating to SLA surface implants by the ion-beam-assisted deposition method on self-contained coronal defect healing in dogs. 1967 54


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