Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1864663 (HCC)
 2,985 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aims of this study were twofold: (1) to determine the prevalence and clinical features of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection among subjects positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) living in the Miyako Islands, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, and (2) to clarify the relationship between HDV-RNA level and severity of HDV-related liver disease. One hundred and ninety-nine HBsAg-positive subjects (123 asymptomatic carriers [ASCs], 3 patients with acute hepatitis [AH], 50 patients with chronic hepatitis [CH], 15 patients with liver cirrhosis [LC], and 8 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC], were tested for antibody to HDV (anti-HDV) by radioimmunoassay. Anti-HDV-positive individuals were examined to determine semi-quantified HDV-RNA level by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The overall prevalence of anti-HDV among the 199 subjects was 21.1%. The positivity rate tended to increase with age or the severity of the underlying liver disease: anti-HDV-positive rates were 10.6% (13/123) in ASCs, 32.0% (16/50) in patients with CH, 40.0% (6/15) in patients with LC, and 87.5% (7/8) in patients with HCC. None of the patients with AH were positive for anti-HDV. There was no correlation between semi-quantified serum HDV-RNA levels and the severity of chronic liver disease in patients positive for anti-HDV. The present study showed the local spread of HDV infection in the Miyako Islands, Okinawa, Japan. Although the anti-HDV positivity rate tended to increase with the severity of the underlying liver disease, the severity of HDV-related liver disease did not correlate with the semi-quantified serum HDV-RNA level.
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PMID:Prevalence and clinical features of hepatitis delta virus infection in the Miyako Islands, Okinawa, Japan. 985 58

Tumor metastasis to a cirrhotic liver is rare. It has been suggested that colorectal cancer does not metastasize to the cirrhotic liver. We reported a 65 year-old man, a known carrier of hepatitis B surface antigen, diagnosed to have hepatocellular carcinoma with routine screening. A partial hepatectomy with resection of segments VI and VII was performed. The hepatectomy specimen revealed a 4.5 cm diameter HCC in a cirrhotic liver. Incidentally, 0.8 cm diameter ulcer at the descending colon. Histological examination of the left hemicolectomy specimen showed a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the colon with synchronous hepatic metastasis in a cirrhotic liver harboring a hepatocellular carcinoma. 1052 97

A study was performed to evaluate in vitro the sensitivity, specificity and variability of a new immunomagnetic microbead isolation technique which provides subsequent immunological staining of captured carcinoma cells. In a mixture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and human carcinoma cells the epithelial cancer cells were isolated with the Dynal((R)) RAM IgG1 CELLection Kit using Dynabeads M-280 coated with a rat monoclonal antibody (Mab) against mouse IgG1. The rat Mab was biotinylated and attached to Dynabeads via streptavidin and a DNA linker. The anti-epithelial monoclonal mouse antibody Ber-EP4 was used as the primary capture antibody. In order to permit phenotyping of the isolated carcinoma cells the magnetic beads were removed from the carcinoma cells by DN'ase digestion of the DNA linker between the magnetic bead and the secondary antibody. In an ex vivo model system an average recovery of approximately 60% of a human colon carcinoma cell line HCC-2998 seeded in 5.10(6) PBMCs was obtained, and the recovered cells could subsequently be immunologically stained for the surface antigen CD87 (urokinase plasminogen activator receptor). No positive stained cells were found in control experiments with PBMCs without carcinoma cells. Despite a relatively low recovery, the described method will be valuable for the detection of carcinoma cells in cytospin preparations with subsequent phenotyping of the cells for expression of surface antigens. Depending on the chosen antibodies, the method may be useful for the isolation and characterisation of other cell types in various cell suspensions.
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PMID:The use of the CELLection kit in the isolation of carcinoma cells from mononuclear cell suspensions. 1075 43

We report a patient with combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (HCC-CC) growing into the common bile duct (CBD) and showing obstructive jaundice within 2 years of the onset of the disease. The patient was a 59-year-old Japanese man in whom, at the age of 57 years. a hepatic tumor was discovered by diagnostic imaging during follow-up of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive liver cirrhosis. The tumor was diagnosed as HCC. Epirubicin was injected twice, intraarterially. The patient then received oral etoposide therapy for the next 14 months. The treatment was initially effective, but approximately 2 years after the hepatic tumor was discovered, local recurrence of the tumor and a tumor thrombus in the CBD were discovered. Although he was treated with percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD), to reduce obstructive jaundice, the jaundice was irreversible and he died of severe hepatic failure. The autopsy findings confirmed that the hepatic tumor was HCC-CC, in which the HCC and CC components expressed alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), respectively, which accurately reflected the disease process. The underlying mechanism of the growth of HCC-CC into the CBD may differ from the underlying mechanism of the development of icteric-type HCC.
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PMID:Combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma growing into the common bile duct. 1177 13

To investigate the surgical results of hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma in relation to hepatitis virus status in Taiwan, 252 patients (196 men and 56 women; March 1992 to August 1998) were reviewed. The patients were divided into four groups: 30 patients (11.9%) seronegative for both hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antihepatitis C antibody (HCVAb) (N-HCC group); 133 patients (52.8%) seropositive for HBsAg and seronegative for HCVAb (B-HCC group); 66 patients (26.2%) seronegative for HBsAg and seropositive for HCVAb (C-HCC group); and 23 patients (9.1%) seropositive for both HBsAg and HCVAb (BC-HCC group). Patients in group C-HCC were older (p = 0.001) and had a higher incidence of diabetes mellitus (p = 0.004). Also, they had a higher indocyanine green retention rate at 15 minutes (p = 0.021), longer international normalization ratio for the prothrombin time (p = 0.049), and smaller tumor (p = 0.006). Postoperative complications and hospital mortality were significantly higher in patients in the C-HCC and BC-HCC groups (p = 0.046, 0.021). All patients were followed 12 to 76 months after hepatectomy (mean 23.5 +/- 16.3 months). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall cumulative survival rates of the 252 patients in this series were 80%, 54.3%, and 34.2%, respectively. The cumulative intrahepatic recurrence rates were 46.5%, 64.9%, and 72.9% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. The mean disease-free survival time was longest in group C-HCC and shortest in group BC-HCC (p = 0.020). The overall survival time and cumulative survival rates in the four groups were not significantly different (p = 0.146).
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PMID:Surgical results in patients with hepatitis virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma in Taiwan. 1205 31

To investigate the infection of HCV and the expression of HCV antigen (HCAg) in HCC, immunohistochemical protocol was performed on tumorous liver tissues from 40 patients with HCC to detect HCAg and hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) simultaneously. The results showed that the positive rates for HCAg and HBsAg were 17.5% (7/40) and 70% (28/40) respectively. HBsAg and HCAg were simultaneously detected in six of 40 cases and only one case had HCAg positive alone in the liver tumorous tissue. The positive signals were localized in diffuse cytoplasm of hepatocytes and the positively stained cells were mainly distributed in local pattern. The results suggested that HCV infection did exist in some cases of HCC, so HCV might be a viral risk factor in addition to HBV in the genesis of HCC in China.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical detection of hepatitis C virus antigen from hepatocellular carcinoma]. 1221 37

A non-nucleosidic compound, Helioxanthin (HE-145), was found to suppress HBV gene expression and replication in HCC cells. To understand the molecular mode of action of HE-145 on HBV gene expression, the effects of HE-145 on four viral promoter activities using luciferase as a reporter were examined. It was found that HE-145 selectively suppresses surface antigen promoter II (SPII) and core promoter (CP) but has no effect on surface antigen promoter I (SPI) or promoter for X gene (Xp). The suppressive effects of HE-145 on either SPII or CP activity is liver-specific, since no suppressive activity of HE-145 was observed when CP or SPII promoter activity was assayed in non-liver cells such as HeLa or 293T. To examine the mode of action of HE-145, EMSA analysis revealed that HE-145 decreased the DNA-binding activity of nuclear extract of HepA2 cells to specific cis element of HBV promoter for core antigen, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), PPARs binding site (PPRE), alpha-fetoprotein transcription factor (FTF), and Sp1. Ectopic expression of PPAR gamma or HNF4 alpha partially reversed the HE-145-mediated suppression of HBV RNA. Therefore, HE-145 may represent a novel class of anti-HBV agents which selectively modulate transcriptional machinery of human liver cells to suppress HBV gene expression and replication.
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PMID:The role of helioxanthin in inhibiting human hepatitis B viral replication and gene expression by interfering with the host transcriptional machinery of viral promoters. 1824 49

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a worldwide problem and can cause acute liver failure, acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and liver cancer. In areas of high prevalence such as in Asia, Africa, southern Europe, and Latin America, the hepatitis B surface antigen positive rate ranges from 2% to 20%.In endemic areas, HBV infection occurs mainly during infancy and early childhood. Mother-to-infant transmission accounts for approximately half of the chronic HBV infections. In contrast to infection in adults, HBV infection during early childhood results in a much higher rate of persistent infection and long-term serious complications such as liver cirrhosis and HCC.Three phases of chronic hepatitis B have been identified: the immune-tolerant phase, the immune-active phase, and the inactive hepatitis B phase. These phases of infection are characterized by variations in viral replication, hepatic inflammation, spontaneous clearance, and response to antiviral therapy.The optimal goal of antiviral therapy for chronic HBV infection is to eradicate HBV and to prevent its related liver complications. However, due to the limited effect of available therapies in viral eradication, the goal of treatment is to reduce viral replication, to minimize liver injury, and to reduce infectivity. In this review the current recommendations for monitoring and treating chronic HBV infection in children are reviewed.
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PMID:Management of chronic hepatitis B in children. 1932 53

Extract: Hepatitis B and C viruses are structurally unrelated viruses that cause a major burden to health throughout the world. It is estimated that there are 350 million carriers of hepatitis B and 170 million carriers of hepatitis C worldwide. Both may cause hepatitis with the eventual risks of cirrhosis and primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC). Until recently, very few therapeutic options were available to afflicted patients. Several new significant advances have now been made in assessing and treating infected patients and ongoing studies are now targeting more challenging patient groups who have failed to respond to previous treatments or who have associated co-morbidities. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a DNA virus that is spread sexually, vertically (mother-to-baby) and via blood products. The structure of the virus includes the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) that originates from the viral envelope and the hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) that is released from the nucleocapsid (virus coat and genome). HBsAg is present in the blood circulation during active infection and chronic hepatitis B is diagnosed if HBsAg is persistent beyond 6 months. HBeAg is present when the virus is actively replicating and is associated with high levels of HBV DNA and an increased risk of progression to cirrhosis and HCC. Recently, a form of virus has been identified called the precore mutant in which high levels of HBV DNA may be present in the absence of eAg due to a mutation in the gene encoding eAg or its upstream regulatory gene. Patients with high levels of HBV DNA and HBeAg are also at a high risk of liver disease.
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PMID:Hepatitis B and C treatment: New perspectives. 2070 48

We report a case of typical fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FL-HCC) in a 16-year-old Japanese boy. This is very rare malignancy in Japan. The patient was referred for investigation of a large hepatic tumor and the results of tests for hepatitis B virus surface antigen and hepatitis C virus antibody were negative. Liver function test results and serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels were normal; however, the prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence/antagonist II was elevated. Computed tomography (CT) showed a large lobulated heterogeneously enhanced tumor in the posterior section of the liver. We diagnosed FL-HCC and performed posterior sectionectomy of the liver. The resected specimen contained a light brown and green tumor with a central fibrous scar, 10.0 cm in diameter. Microscopic and electron microscopic examinations revealed the typical features of FL-HCC. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin (CK) 7, but negative for CK19 and AFP. The patient was alive without recurrence 48 months after surgery. Following this case report, we summarize the clinical features of the Japanese cases documented in the literature.
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PMID:Typical fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma in a Japanese boy: report of a case. 2382 53


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