Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1864663 (HCC)
 2,985 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Angiomyolipoma [AML] is a rare benign lipomatous tumour of the liver. It is typically echogenic on ultrasound, hypodense on computed tomography and hyperintense on magnetic resonance imaging. Its varied imaging appearance is due to the different proportion of the three cell types which make up the tumour. This is a case report of a hepatic AML mimicking hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] with fatty change in a hepatitis B carrier. Diagnostic difficulty and implications on subsequent management are discussed in the context of an endemic region for HCC.
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PMID:Hepatic angiomyolipoma mimicking hepatocellular carcinoma. 1237 26

Color Doppler sonography (CDS--spectral, color and power), harmonic imaging techniques (THI, PHI), possibility of 3D analysis of picture, usage of contrast agents, have raised the values of ultrasound as a diagnostic method to a very high level. THI--non-linear gray scale modality, is based on the processing of higher reflected frequencies, that has improved a picture resolution, which is presented with less artifacts and limiting effects of obesity and gases. Ultrasound contrast agents improve analysis of micro and macro circulation of the examined area, and with the assessment of velocity of supply in ROI (wash in), distribution and time of signal weakening (wash out), are significantly increasing diagnostic value of ultrasound. Besides the anatomical and topographic presentation of examined region (color, power), Color Doppler sonography gives us haemodynamic-functional information on vascularisation of that region, as well as on pathologic vascularisation if present. Avascular aspect of a focal pathologic lesion corresponds to a cyst or haematoma, while coloration and positive spectral curve discover that anechogenic lesions actually represents aneurysms, pseudoaneurysms or AVF. In local inflammatory lesion, abscess in an acute phase, CDS shows first increased, and then decreased central perfusion, while in a chronic phase, a pericapsular vascularisation is present. Contribution of CDS in differentiation of hepatic tumors (hemangioma, HCC and metastasis) is very significant. Central color dots along the peripheral blood vessels and the blush phenomenon are characteristics of capillary hemangioma, peritumoral vascular ring "basket" of HCC, and "detour" sign of metastasis. The central artery, RI from 0.45 to 0.60 and radial spreading characterize FNH. Hepatic adenoma is characterized by an intratumoral vein, and rarely by a vascular hallo. Further on, blood velocity in tumor defined by Color Doppler, distinguishes malignant from benign lesion, where 40 cm/s is a rough border value. Values of DPI (Doppler perfusion index) over 0.3 and tumor index over 1.0 characterize primary, and lower values characterize secondary liver malignancies. In differentiation of benign and malign tumors of kidneys, besides the aspect of vascularisation, the maximal frequency altitude in tumor artery (the limit around 2.5 kHz) is very important. However, peripheral and penetrating blood vessels are most usually seen in RCC, less often in AML and bigger oncocytomas. CDS with contrast agent is very useful in making differential diagnosis of the focal lesions with 95% specificity for some lesions.
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PMID:[Color Doppler sonography of focal abdominal lesions]. 1513 25

Upregulation of Brf1 (TFIIB-related factor 1) and Pol III gene (RNA polymerase III-dependent gene, such as tRNAs and 5S rRNA) activities is associated with cell transformation and tumor development. Alcohol intake causes liver injury, such as steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and cirrhosis, which enhances the risk of HCC development. However, the mechanism of alcohol-promoted HCC remains to be explored. We have designed the complementary research system, which is composed of cell lines, an animal model, human samples, and experiments in vivo and in vitro, to carry out this project by using molecular biological, biochemical, and cellular biological approaches. It is a unique system to explore the mechanism of alcohol-associated HCC. Our results indicate that alcohol upregulates Brf1 and Pol III gene (tRNAs and 5S rRNA) transcription in primary mouse hepatocytes, immortalized mouse hepatocyte-AML-12 cells, and engineered human HepG2-ADH cells. Alcohol activates MSK1 to upregulate expression of Brf1 and Pol III genes, while inhibiting MSK1 reduces transcription of Brf1 and Pol III genes in alcohol-treated cells. The inhibitor of MSK1, SB-747651A, decreases the rates of cell proliferation and colony formation. Alcohol feeding promotes liver tumor development of the mouse. These results, for the first time, show the identification of the alcohol-response promoter fragment of the Pol III gene key transcription factor, Brf1. Our studies demonstrate that Brf1 expression is elevated in HCC tumor tissues of mice and humans. Alcohol increases cellular levels of Brf1, resulting in enhancement of Pol III gene transcription in hepatocytes through MSK1. Our mechanism analysis has demonstrated that alcohol-caused high-response fragment of the Brf1 promoter is at p-382/+109bp. The MSK1 inhibitor SB-747651A is an effective reagent to repress alcohol-induced cell proliferation and colony formation, which is a potential pharmaceutical agent. Developing this inhibitor as a therapeutic approach will benefit alcohol-associated HCC patients.
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PMID:Mitogen- and Stress-Activated Protein Kinase 1 Mediates Alcohol-Upregulated Transcription of Brf1 and tRNA Genes to Cause Phenotypic Alteration. 3268 86