Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1864663 (HCC)
 2,985 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We performed hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAI) on 86 patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, 61 patients) or unresectable recurrent HCC after hepatectomy (25 patients). As drug therapy, 250 mg of 5-fluorouracil was injected daily for 14 days using a reservoir embedded in the subcutaneous layer. During this period, 0.4 mg/kg of doxorubicin and 0.12 mg/kg of mitomycin C suspended in Lipiodol Ultra-Fluide were also injected twice intra-arterially. This was defined as one course of HAI, and it was repeated every 3 months. In the patients with unresectable HCC, the 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates were 31.5%, 22.4%, and 10.7%, respectively, and the numbers of cases showing a complete response (CR), a partial response (PR), a minor response (MR), no change (NC), and progressive disease (PD) according to the Criteria for the Evaluation of the Clinical Effects of Solid Cancer Chemotherapy established by the Japan Society for Cancer Therapy were 1 (1.6%), 20 (32.8%), 5 (8.2%), 28 (45.9%), and 7 (11.5%), respectively. On the other hand, the 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates of the patients with unresectable recurrent HCC were 69.6%, 34.8%, and 14.9%, respectively. The rate of catheter patency after 1 year was 64.1%, and the mean catheter-patency period was 311.9 days. Patients in group A (CR+PR, n = 21) survived significantly longer than those in group B (MR+NC+PD, n = 40; P < 0.05). In conclusion, since responders to HAI achieve longer survival than nonresponders, the selection of effective drugs is important for this therapy.
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1994
PMID:Effects of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy on unresectable or recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma. 813 75

More than 60 mouse monoclonal antibodies directed to cytochrome c from Candida krusei with different specificities were raised. Most of these monoclonal antibodies, except for three of them, did not cross-react with bovine cytochrome c. By the immunoblotting method, the monoclonal antibodies of clones HCC 5-13, 9-2, and 10-5 reacted with the Candida cytochrome c, which had been transferred onto nitrocellulose membrane, but those of clones HCC 1-22, 6-3, and 17-3 did not, although all these monoclonal antibodies strongly reacted with coated Candida cytochrome c on plastic immunoplates when examined by ELISA. On the contrary, monoclonal antibody activities of clones HCC 1-22, 6-3, and 17-3 in binding to the coated cytochrome c in ELISA were inhibited competitively by the addition of extra Candida cytochrome c, whereas those of clones HCC 5-13, 9-2, and 10-5 were not inhibited. Among these monoclonal antibodies, the antibody of clone HCC 6-3, which showed a good reactivity to added cytochrome c in inhibiting ELISA reaction but was not reactive with the transblotted cytochrome c on nitrocellulose, was found to be reactive with human lung cancer tissues specifically with no reactivity to normal tissues. The immunostaining of lung cancer tissue showed that this mouse monoclonal antibody to Candida cytochrome c reacted to the cytoplasmic fraction of the cancer cells specifically.
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PMID:Cancer-specific binding of a mouse MAb vs. Candida krusei cytochrome c: an antigen recognized by a cancer-associated human MAb HB4C5. 825 72

The process of cancer metastasis consists of a series of steps resulting in the spread of malignant cells beyond the site of origin and formation of metastases in distant organs. The outcome of this nonrandom process depends, in part, on the interaction of unique tumor cells with a compatible organ microenvironment. The molecular basis of the intrinsic capacity of distinct malignant cells to colonize specific organs and the degree to which host factors influence this process is under intense investigation. Biological analyses of human colon carcinoma tumors obtained from surgical specimens and implanted orthotopically into athymic nude mice revealed that these tumors are heterogeneous for metastatic properties. Moreover, recent evidence using this model suggest that whereas nonmetastatic and highly metastatic cells can grow at local sites, growth in the secondary liver-specific site was associated only with highly metastatic HCC cells. These cells also respond to mitogenic signals produced by damaged normal tissues, suggesting that physiological signals can be utilized by neoplastic cells. Molecular characterization of highly metastatic HCC cells selected in the nude mouse model as well as in situ mRNA hybridization of archival HCC surgical specimens for specific growth factor receptors correlated with the malignant cell's ability to respond to organ-specific growth factors. This article will focus on biological and molecular evidence supporting the hypothesis that organ-derived, paracrine growth factors regulate the site-specific growth of receptive malignant cells that possess the appropriate receptors.
Cancer Metastasis Rev 1993 Sep
PMID:Paracrine growth regulation of human colon carcinoma organ-specific metastasis. 828 17

The role of HBV and HCV in the course of primary liver cancer in patients who are negative for HBsAg has been debated. Using a combination of serological and polymerase chain reaction assays, we investigated the association between HCV and HBV infections and primary liver cancer in 24 HBsAg-negative patients living in France. The presence of HCV RNA and HBV DNA sequences was tested for in serum and in tumorous and nontumorous liver samples. Twelve patients had anti-HCV, and 11 patients had anti-HBs and/or anti-HBc. HCV RNA sequences were found in the serum samples of all anti-HCV-positive patients and none of the patients who were negative. Patients with HCV viremia had HCV RNA genomic sequences and presumed replicative intermediates in both tumorous and nontumorous specimens. Sequence analysis of a hypervariable region in the E2/NS1 gene of HCV showed significant variations between the viral molecules isolated from the nontumorous, tumorous and serum samples. This eliminated the hypothesis of the contamination of the tumor by nontumorous cells and serum particles and assessed that liver tumor cells did contain HCV RNA genomes. Eleven of 22 patients tested had HBV DNA in the serum; 5 patients were anti-HBc positive and anti-HBs positive. Patients with HBV viremia had HBV DNA sequences in both tumorous and nontumorous liver specimens. Selective loss of part of the HBV genome in the tumorous tissue of two of these patients suggested HBV DNA persistence in clonally expanded malignant cells. Only 4 of the 22 patients were negative for both viruses. Our results show that HBsAg-negative hepatocellular cancer in France is associated with chronic HBV or HCV infection and, in some cases, both; these findings are consistent with an etiological role for HBV and HCV in HCC that develops in cirrhotic patients living in areas of low prevalence.
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PMID:Persistence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C viral genomes in primary liver cancers from HBsAg-negative patients: a study of a low-endemic area. 838 Jul 90

We retrospectively analyzed the prognostic factors associated with survival in HCC patients (113 cases, male 95, female 18, mean age 62.1 +/- 8.2yr.) treated only by TAE. Univariate analysis revealed that following factors significantly correlated with survival, such as T.Bil, tumor type, Vp factor, the response to the first TAE and the best response to TAE attained within 6 months after the first therapy. Also, multivariate analysis proved that T.Bil, ICGR15' and the best response to TAE during the initial 6 months were significant. Even if the first response to TAE was "no-change (NC)", the cumulative survival rate of patients would be improved when the responses to the second or the third therapy became "partial response (PR)" within 6 months after the first one. There were no significant differences between patients with which the best response to TAE within the initial 6 months were PR and those with NC in clinical backgrounds, dose of anti-cancer drugs, and dose of lipiodol used in the therapies. However, the mean interval between the first and the second TAE performed within 6 months 70 days. These results implied the importance of getting "PR" state no later than 6 months after the first intervention for the long survival in HCC patients. To accomplish this, repetitive treatments between short periods were recommended.
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PMID:[Prognostic factors in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated by transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE)--significance of repetitive therapies and responses to them within 6 months after the first intervention]. 839 2

A common inherited RFLP of the L-myc proto-oncogene has been reported to correlate with cancer susceptibility or prognosis for some tumors. Using a PCR-based RFLP assay on DNA extracted from peripheral blood samples, we determined the L-myc EcoRI genotype of patients with HCC, patients with other liver tumors, and healthy controls. In this polymorphism there are 2 alleles, L and S, which define 3 possible genotypes: LL, LS, and SS. While the genotype distribution of patients with other liver tumors and healthy controls do not differ from one another, both differ significantly from the genotype distribution of patients with HCC. This difference is primarily the result of a low frequency of the SS genotype among HCC patients compared to controls or other liver tumor patients. Persons with the SS genotype appear to be protected against HCC and have roughly one-ninth the risk of persons who carry one or more copies of the L allele. Within HCC cases, patients with different L-myc genotypes show slight, but not statistically significant, differences in tumor characteristics and survival.
Int J Cancer 1993 Jul 30
PMID:L-myc proto-oncogene alleles and susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma. 839 82

Resistance modifying agents (RMA) such as verapamil (VER) have proved effective in reversing multidrug resistance (MDR) in many in vitro experimental models, but clinical results with RMA have been disappointing. To clarify this apparent discrepancy we have evaluated the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin (DOX) plus VER in four human colon carcinoma (HCOC) cell lines (LoVo, DLD-1, SW948, SW1116). These lines were selected on the basis of their levels of mdr1 mRNA being similar to those expressed by HCC obtained from non-drug-treated patients. In all cell lines the sensitising effect of VER on DOX cytotoxicity was schedule-dependent and maximal potentiation of DOX cytotoxicity was obtained by exposure to VER for a time > or = the cells' population doubling time.
Eur J Cancer 1993
PMID:Increased chemosensitivity to doxorubicin of intrinsically multidrug-resistant human colon carcinoma cells by prolonged exposure to verapamil. 839 9

We studied a selective enhancement of the mitomycin C (MMC)-induced antitumor effect focusing on the intracellular metabolism by NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (DT-diaphorase, DTD). The level of cellular DTD activity related well to the degree of MMC-induced DNA total cross links and cell growth inhibition in human cancer cell lines, KB, PH101, SH101 and K562. A DTD inhibitor, dicoumarol (DIC) or flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), inhibited the MMC-induced DNA damage and cytotoxicity at a non-toxic concentration. The DTD-mediated MMC activation was pH-dependent, and highest at pH 6 and lowest at pH 8. Although an inverse relationship appeared to exist between DTD activity and MMC efficacy in human xenografts implanted into nude mice and 9 fresh human tumor specimens, the investigation in 3 culture cells, HEC-46, HCC-48 and HCC-50, established from those xenografts, showed that DTD activated MMC in a pH-dependent manner as well as the other cell lines. Significant tumor pH reduction from 7.1 to 6.7 by continuous glucose infusion also increased the MMC-induced tumor growth inhibition in the human tumor xenografts. Thus, we conclude that bioreductive activation by DTD in a pH-dependent manner may be of key importance in the MMC-induced antitumor effect and that an increased MMC efficacy at a reduced pH caused by hyperglycemia may be applied to clinical use as a new manipulation for a biochemical modulation of MMC.
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PMID:DT-diaphorase as a target enzyme for biochemical modulation of mitomycin C. 856 14

The primary diseases of 209 explanted livers of the transplantation center of the University of Heidelberg are presented. Liver cirrhosis was found in 48.8% as the primary disease followed by the group of malignancies of the liver (28.2%) with HCC as the predominant tumor. Fulminant liver failure was found in 13.8% as the primary disease. Metabolic disorders comprised a small group of 11 cases (5.3%). 7 cases were transplanted for Budd Chiari syndrome (3.3%) and one case was transplanted for E. alveolaris. The examination of fulminant viral hepatitis revealed evidence of the involvement of the APO-1/Fas (CD95) system in the pathogenesis of this disorder. Prognostic factors for recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma are size and number of tumor nodules as well as proliferative activity of the tumors determined by Ki67 immunostaining. Diagnosis of HCV infection of the livers is best established by RT-PCR after RNA extraction and is still superior to other immunohistochemical or in-situ methods.
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PMID:[Pathology of the explanted liver in liver transplantation]. 860 Jun 90

Lymph node metastases at presentation are common in PTC and MTC (about one third of patients at presentation), but are rare in other types of thyroid malignancy, though HCC frequently recurs in lymph nodes. Nodal metastases can be detected by a variety of means, but high resolution ultrasonography may be the method of choice. Unlike other epithelial malignancies, in thyroid cancer neither prognostic significance nor optimal treatment of nodal metastasis are known with certainty. For PTC lymph node metastases at presentation do not seem to adversely affect survival, but do increase the risk of locoregional tumor recurrence. By contrast, in FTC nodal metastases at presentation may adversely affect cause-specific mortality, but because of their rarity definite conclusions are impossible. Except for the oxyphilic variant of FTC (HCC) nodal recurrence in FTC is rare. The most firm evidence of prognostic relevance for nodal metastases in thyroid malignancies exists in medullary thyroid cancer, where most studies suggest that survival and recurrence are both adversely affected by node-positive status at presentation. Primary treatment of nodal metastases is removal of macroscopically affected nodes at initial surgery, optionally supplemented with adjuvant radioiodine treatment in an attempt to reduce recurrence risk. The value, however, of postoperative radioiodine in preventing either nodal recurrence or cancer death in patients with papillary and follicular thyroid cancer remains controversial. Extensive lymph node dissection at presentation offers no advantage (and may cause increased morbidity) in papillary carcinoma, but may be useful in medullary thyroid carcinoma, where nodal metastases seem to increase the risk of cause-specific mortality. In all tumor types postoperative nodal recurrences should primarily be treated surgically.
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PMID:Thyroid cancer nodal metastases: biologic significance and therapeutic considerations. 878 93


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