Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1864663 (HCC)
 2,985 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Over a 30 month period from 1987 to 1990, selective hepatic cannulation under fluoroscopic control was performed in 57 consecutive patients with primary and secondary malignancies of the liver. Fifty-three patients were subsequently treated using intra-arterial Lipiodol emulsified with epirubicin. The tumours treated were hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 35), metastatic adenocarcinoma (n = 14), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (n = 3) and leiomyosarcoma (n = 1). For hepatocellular carcinoma the cumulative survival was 38% at one year; the median survival was 12.2 months for Stage I, 6.3 months for Stage II and 0.9 months for Stage III tumours. In metastatic disease the cumulative survival was 63% at one year. These data suggest that targeted intra-arterial chemotherapy with Lipiodol-epirubicin is a useful palliative therapy for patients with Stage I and II HCC, and that a controlled trial of this treatment should be undertaken.
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PMID:Selective regional chemotherapy of unresectable hepatic tumours using lipiodol. 165 18

In a prospective study, an attempt was made to determine the specificity of various imaging methods for defining tumours of the liver rather than their ability to demonstrate them. It was based on 130 patients with histologically confirmed lesions (33 haemangiomas, 17 FNH, 4 hepatocellular adenomas, 28 HCC, 36 adenocarcinoma metastases). The methods were MRT (130 cases), sonography (119), CT (122), dynamic arterial angio-CT (15), 99TC-EHIDA or blood pool scintigraphy (4 FNH, haemangiomas, HCC, 44 cases). MRT showed somewhat better results (accuracy 80%) than CT (73%) and angio-CT (73%) in demonstrating the type of lesion. The results of scintigraphy (53%) and sonography (69%) were rather worse. The range of accuracy for MRT, CT and sonography varied from 94% (haemangiomas with MRT) to 47% (FNH with sonography).
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PMID:[The accuracy of the imaging procedures (sonography, MRT, CT, angio-CT,nuclear medicine) in characterizing liver tumors]. 185 Jan 56

In a retrospective study the findings of dynamic CT investigations in 185 patients with histologically confirmed hepatic masses were analysed and related to 47 criteria which have been described in the literature. The criteria with the highest value for making a specific diagnosis have been defined for seven different lesions (abscess, adenoma, FNH, haemangioma, adenocarcinoma metastases, metastases from other tumours, HCC). We found agreement with the literature in the following: the target phenomenon for abscesses, central scarring for FNH, spreading enhancement for haemangiomas and irregularity of the liver contour in the absence of subcapsular tumours for HCC. By combining a number of criteria it was possible to suggest the type of lesion retrospectively. The predictive value was found to range from 73% to 100%, a definite diagnosis was possible in only 64%.
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PMID:[A frequency analysis and evaluation of the criteria for dynamic CT and a test of the CT diagnosis of space-occupying lesions of the liver]. 217 14

The antiproliferative activity of flavone acetic acid (LM 975) was investigated on human adenocarcinoma cell lines (HCC-P2998, HCC-M1544, HCC-M1410, HT 29, LoVo), on a murine colon adenocarcinoma cell line (Colon 26), on murine pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells growing in primary culture (Pan 03) and on human normal fibroblasts (N1). No cytotoxic effects were found against human normal fibroblasts. LM 975 was active against murine adenocarcinoma Pan 03 and Colon 26, known to be sensitive in vivo too and, to variable extents, on human adenocarcinoma cell lines. LM 975 in vitro cytotoxic potency was relatively low. The high concentrations (1.0-1.4 mM) required to obtain a cytotoxic effect are, however, pharmacologically reasonable since they are comparable with drug plasma levels in mice or in patients treated with tolerable doses. After a relatively short LM 975 treatment (2 h) DNA, RNA and protein synthesis were inhibited in different proportions. In more sensitive cells LM 975 appeared to inhibit RNA synthesis more than DNA and protein synthesis. Inhibition of macromolecule synthesis after 2 h exposure was completely reversed in 24 h recovery. After 2 h treatment no detectable DNA breakage was found by the alkaline elution method, thus corroborating the idea that this compound does not act by causing DNA damage.
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PMID:Antiproliferative properties of flavone acetic acid (NSC 347512) (LM 975), a new anticancer agent. 367 16

CO2 gas-enhanced ultrasonography was performed in 37 patients (47 studies) for the purpose of detecting small tumors and evaluating differential diagnosis. With conventional ultrasonography, 62 lesions were identified in 25 patients with HCC, 13 tumors were identified in eight patients with hemangioma, and multiple tumors were found in four patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma. CO2-enhanced ultrasonography detected five additional hemangiomas, 12 additional nodules in HCC, and the same number of metastatic nodules. The patterns of CO2 enhancement were characterized as homogeneous, heterogeneous, rim, internal spotted, negative, and mixed (more than one pattern in one lesion). The rim enhancement pattern was found to be specific for hemangioma. The internal spotted enhancement pattern was found exclusively in HCC. All the lesions that demonstrated negative enhancement were treated HCC. All the metastatic tumors demonstrated the mixed rim and internal spotted enhancement pattern. We suggest that CO2-enhanced ultrasonography is a useful tool in detecting small liver tumors. It can also help in the differentiation among various hepatic tumors.
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PMID:Carbon dioxide-enhanced ultrasonography of liver tumors. 793 65

The question whether expression of drug metabolizing enzymes in human liver is altered by liver neoplasm remains controversial; however, the ability or unability of tumour cells to metabolize certain drugs may be important for developing therapeutic strategies. We therefore investigated the abundance and localization of two classes of drug metabolizing enzymes [cytochrome P4503A (CYP3A) and pi-type glutathione-S-transferase] by means of immunohistochemistry (standard ABC technique) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, n = 16) and with liver metastasis from adenocarcinoma (n = 53) in comparison to normal controls (n = 5). The distribution of CYP3A in normal liver samples showed a characteristic pattern of four to five layers of stained hepatocytes surrounding the central vein. Eleven out of 16 cases of HCC showed expression of CYP3A; staining was less intense than in normal liver and zonation was completely lost. In contrast, only 5 out of 53 samples of metastasis stained positively for CYP3A. The difference between primary and secondary neoplasm was statistically significant (chi-square, P < 0.0001). Pi-type glutathione-S-transferase (GST) stained positively in 9 out of 16 HCC and in 48 out of 53 cases of liver metastasis (chi-square, P < 0.01) indicating a higher percentage of immunostaining in liver metastasis. In summary, we observed differences in the abundance and distribution pattern of CYP3A and GST between primary and secondary neoplasma of human liver and in comparison to normal controls. In combination with established methods these data may contribute to the establishment of reliable test systems for distinguishing primary from secondary liver tumours.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Differential expression of drug metabolizing enzymes in primary and secondary liver neoplasm: immunohistochemical characterization of cytochrome P4503A and glutathione-S-transferase. 840 68

Tumor metastasis to a cirrhotic liver is rare. It has been suggested that colorectal cancer does not metastasize to the cirrhotic liver. We reported a 65 year-old man, a known carrier of hepatitis B surface antigen, diagnosed to have hepatocellular carcinoma with routine screening. A partial hepatectomy with resection of segments VI and VII was performed. The hepatectomy specimen revealed a 4.5 cm diameter HCC in a cirrhotic liver. Incidentally, 0.8 cm diameter ulcer at the descending colon. Histological examination of the left hemicolectomy specimen showed a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the colon with synchronous hepatic metastasis in a cirrhotic liver harboring a hepatocellular carcinoma. 1052 97

Although neovascularization is regarded as an essential factor for tumor growth, it is unclear whether pancreatic adenocarcinoma is also influenced by this process. Furthermore, the reported microvessel count (MVC) data can not be compared due to the diversity of evaluating methods, and the relation between MVC data and metastatic potentials remains controversial. A total of 24 pancreatic adenocarcinomas and 24 adjacent non-cancerous pancreatic parenchyma were analyzed for MVC using anti-CD31 antibody. In addition, the MVC of 15 hypervascular tumors (10 hepatocellular carcinomas: HCC and 5 islet cell pancreatic tumors: ICT), 30 other types of adenocarcinomas (10 gastric, 10 colon and 10 intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas: IPMT), as well as that of non-cancerous areas, were also analyzed. The extent of hepatic and peritoneal spread in 24 pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients was classified and correlations with MVC were evaluated. The mean MVC of 24 pancreatic adenocarcinomas (31.6 +/- 11.1) was actually lower than that of HCCs (91.6) or ICTs (56.4). The diversity is temperate as compared with that of other adenocarcinomas, i.e., 42.9 in gastric carcinomas, 35.6 in colon carcinomas and 32.5 in IPMT. MVC in non-cancerous areas were significantly higher in the pancreas (112.8) than in the stomach (29.6) or colon (26.3). MVC ratios of the cancerous area to the non-cancerous area were significantly lower in the pancreas (0.2818 +/- 0.100) than in the stomach (1.569 +/- 0.526, p<0.001) or the colon (1.423 +/- 0.493, p<0.001). MVC were higher in diffuse hepatic metastasis patients (36.0) than in limited metastasis patients (25.7). In conclusion, MVC in pancreatic adenocarcinoma revealed vascular volume to actually be lower than that of hypervascular tumors. We believe, however, that this hypovascularity is due mainly to contrast with the hyper-vascular non-cancerous pancreas, since MVC in the cancerous area itself was at the same level as in other adenocarcinomas. In addition, we revealed MVC to be of value for predicting the extent of liver metastasis.
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PMID:Neovascularization in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Microvessel count analysis, comparison with non-cancerous regions and other types of carcinomas. 1183 87

Liver-intestine cadherin (LI-cad) is a non-classical cadherin, which is expressed during intestinal development, but absent in normal liver tissue. Our earlier investigation has detected overexpression of LI-cad in gastric adenocarcinoma and indicated its association with lymph node metastasis. Herein, we found in RT-PCR and TaqMan Q-PCR that LI-cad was identified in HCC cell lines, HuH-7, Hep-3B, and PLC/PRF/5, but not in MIHA and HepG2 non-tumorigenic cells. Immunofluorescence cytochemistry assay revealed that the LI-cad was predominantly expressed in cytoplasm of HCC cells, contrary to that of E-cad immunostain at the plasma membrane region. By testing against 18 pairs of HCC and adjacent non-tumor tissues, 13 cases (72.2%) showed over expression of LI-cad in HCC tissues, 2 cases (11.1%) were similar, and 3 cases did not yield detectable signal. None of the 6 normal liver specimens tested was positive with LI-cad. Taken together, LI-cad could be a potential disease marker for HCC.
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PMID:Identification of liver-intestine cadherin in hepatocellular carcinoma--a potential disease marker. 1462 15

The balance between the pro-apoptotic lipids ceramide and sphingosine and the pro-survival lipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is termed the "sphingosine rheostat". Two isozymes, sphingosine kinase 1 and 2 (SK1 and SK2), are responsible for phosphorylation of pro-apoptotic sphingosine to form pro-survival S1P. We have previously reported the antitumor properties of an SK2 selective inhibitor, ABC294640, alone or in combination with the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib in mouse models of kidney carcinoma and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Here we evaluated the combined antitumor effects of the aforementioned drug combination in two mouse models of hepatocellular carcinoma. Although combining the SK2 inhibitor, ABC294640, and sorafenib in vitro only afforded additive drug-drug effects, their combined antitumor properties in the mouse model bearing HepG2 cells mirrored effects previously observed in animals bearing kidney carcinoma and pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells. Combining ABC294640 and sorafenib led to a decrease in the levels of phosphorylated ERK in SK-HEP-1 cells, indicating that the antitumor effect of this drug combination is likely mediated through a suppression of the MAPK pathway in hepatocellular models. We also measured levels of S1P in the plasma of mice treated with two different doses of ABC294640 and sorafenib. We found decreases in the levels of S1P in plasma of mice treated daily with 100 mg/kg of ABC294640 for 5 weeks, and this decrease was not affected by co-administration of sorafenib. Taken together, these data support combining ABC294640 and sorafenib in clinical trials in HCC patients. Furthermore, monitoring levels of S1P may provide a pharmacodynamic marker of ABC294640 activity.
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PMID:Antitumor activity of sphingosine kinase 2 inhibitor ABC294640 and sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma xenografts. 2130 40


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