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Query: UMLS:C1849193 (PSS)
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Membrane fouling remains one of the most problematic issues surrounding membrane use in water and wastewater treatment applications. Organic and biological fouling contribute to irreversible fouling and flux decline in these processes. The aim of this study was to reduce both organic and biological fouling by modifying the surface of commercially available poly(ether sulfone) (PES) membranes using the polyelectrolyte multilayer modification method with poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS), poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC), and silver nanoparticles (nanoAg) integrated onto the surface as stable, thin (15 nm) films. PSS increases the hydrophilicity of the membrane and increases the negative surface charge, while integration of nanoAg into the top PSS layer imparts biocidal characteristics to the modified surface. Fouling was simulated by filtering aqueous solutions of humic acid (5 and 20 mg L(-1)), a suspension of Escherichia coli (10(6) colony-forming units (CFU) mL(-1)), and a mixture of both foulants through unmodified and modified PES membranes under batch conditions. Filtration and cleaning studies confirmed that the modification significantly reduced organic and biological fouling.
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PMID:Polyelectrolyte and silver nanoparticle modification of microfiltration membranes to mitigate organic and bacterial fouling. 2232 64

MWCNTs were wrapped by poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS), and different amounts of raw and polymer wrapped MWCNTs were implemented to fabricate PES mixed matrix membranes by phase inversion method. Success of wrapping was probed by FTIR spectroscopy, and prepared membranes were characterized by SEM, AFM, porosity, and water contact angle measurements. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the permeate flux and dye removal efficiency of membranes with three variables of concentration, pH of dye solution, and membrane composition. A response surface (RS) with a D-optimal design was defined to build the mathematical model, minimize the number of experiments, and investigate the effect of parameters on the response. Adequacy of the obtained model was confirmed by means of variance analysis and additional experiments. Based on observed and predicted results, wrapping CNTs by PSS improved permeation flux and dye removal efficiency of MMMs. Validity of model was verified according to the good agreement between predicted and experimental results. Membrane mixed with 0.1 wt.% polymer wrapped MWCNTs offered the highest permeation flux as well as dye removal efficiency. According to the model response, in order to achieve a higher dye removal, an acidic pH and a moderate dye solution concentration are recommended. Additionally, basic solution pH (9.0) and a dilute dye solution are suggested to reach a higher permeation flux.
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PMID:PES mixed matrix nanofiltration membrane embedded with polymer wrapped MWCNT: Fabrication and performance optimization in dye removal by RSM. 2602 51