Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1762617 (weakness)
 37,932 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The case records of and histopathologic findings in 57 dogs with nonangiogenic and nonlymphomatous splenic sarcomas were reviewed. Splenic neoplasms in these dogs included leiomyosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, undifferentiated sarcoma, liposarcoma, osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, myxosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and fibrous histiocytoma. The clinical signs associated with splenic sarcoma included anorexia or decreased appetite, abdominal distention, polydipsia, lethargy, vomiting, weight loss, and weakness. An abdominal mass was detected in 86% of the dogs by use of abdominal palpation (63%), and/or abdominal radiography (74%). The diagnosis was based on histopathologic findings in the spleen. Abdominal exploratory surgery was performed on 43 of the 57 dogs. Twenty-seven dogs were treated by splenectomy, and 16 were euthanatized at the time of surgery because of widespread metastatic lesions. Of the 14 dogs on which surgery was not performed, 11 were euthanatized on the basis of results of preoperative diagnostic tests, and the remaining 3 dogs had splenic neoplasms that were incidental findings at necropsy. Of the 27 surgically treated dogs, 5 died in the immediate postoperative period, 12 died or were euthanatized within 1 year after splenectomy, and only 5 dogs survived greater than or equal to 1 year. Three dogs were lost to follow-up evaluation, and 2 were still alive 6 and 7 months after surgery. The median survival time of the 22 dogs for which survival was known was 2.5 months. The median survival time for 11 dogs with no obvious metastasis at the time of splenectomy was 9 months.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Nonangiogenic and nonlymphomatous sarcomas of the canine spleen: 57 cases (1975-1987). 255 65

Ifosfamide was given to 61 patients with malignant solid tumors diagnosed before the age of 21 years. In this phase II study, all patients received 1.6 g/m2/day X 5 iv over 15 minutes followed by mesna at a dose of 400 mg/m2 iv at 15 minutes and 4 and 6 hours after ifosfamide. Responses were observed in five of 15 patients with osteosarcoma, two of ten with neuroblastoma, two of six with Wilms' tumor, two of five with rhabdomyosarcoma, four of eight with other soft tissue sarcomas, one of one with retinoblastoma, one of two with germ cell tumors, one of one with B-cell lymphoma, and one of one with a primitive neuroectodermal tumor. Fifty-nine of 61 patients had received prior alkylating agent therapy which included cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, mechlorethamine, melphalan, or dacarbazine. Fourteen of 19 responses developed in patients whose tumors were resistant to treatment with cyclophosphamide. A patient with malignant Schwannoma who had received no prior chemotherapy developed a complete response which lasted 12 months. A patient with brain metastases of osteosarcoma has had complete response for greater than 2 years. Complete response was also observed in a patient with B-cell lymphoma. Toxicity consisted of mild to moderate nausea and vomiting, transient reversible myelosuppression, occasional elevation of serum BUN or creatinine, and transient neurotoxicity characterized by somnolence, confusion, weakness, tremor, hallucinations, or seizures. We conclude that ifosfamide is an important alkylating agent without apparent complete cross-resistance with cyclophosphamide, and as such should be further investigated for determination of its activity in patients with pediatric neoplasms and considered for incorporation into phase II-III trials for certain tumors.
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PMID:Phase II trial of ifosfamide in children with malignant solid tumors. 310 34

FBJ osteosarcoma virus (FBJ-MSV) isolated originally from a spontaneously arising osteosarcoma in a CF1 mouse is the only known naturally occurring murine sarcoma virus (MSV). It is unique among strains of MSV in producing primarily sarcomata in mice. The capacity of tumour cells transformed in vivo by this agent to elicit specific transplantation immunity in syngeneic hosts was investigated. A low level of resistance (10(4)-10(5) cells) was consistently induced by implantation of x-irradiated (15,000 rad) tumours or surgical excision of developing subcutaneous grafts. By contrast intraperitoneal inoculation of virus containing cellfree extracts of FBJ-MSV sarcomata was a far less effective immunization procedure. Confirmatory evidence for the antigenicity of these neoplasms was obtained in tests in which preincubation of tumour cells with lymphoid cells from specifically immune donors inhibited in vivo outgrowth of the FBJ-MSV cells in untreated syngeneic recipients. The induction of host resistance to FBJ-MSV cells by immunization with identical and independently-induced FBJ-MSV tumours established that FBJ-MSV cells possess common cell surface antigenic specificities in a manner analogous to those of experimental neoplasms induced by other oncogenic DNA and RNA viruses. Since FBJ-MSV cells release infectious virus it was not possible in this system to establish whether the tumour-rejection antigen was cellular or virion in nature. The antigenic weakness of FBJ-MSV cells in syngeneic hosts is comparable with that of virus-induced murine leukaemias of the Gross (G) or "wild" type subgroup to which category FBJ-MSV also belongs. These features suggest that FBJ-MSV exemplifies naturally occurring sarcomagenic viruses more closely than those of the Friend-Moloney-Rauscher-Graffi (FMRGr) subgroup which in general induce highly antigenic neoplasms.
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PMID:Tumour-associated transplantation antigens of neoplasms induced by a naturally occurring murine sarcoma virus (FBJ-MSV). 451 7

A case of vitamin D resistant hypophosphatemic osteomalacia associated with osteosarcoma of the mandible is presented. The patient complained of lumbar, knee and foot pain and muscle weakness of two years' duration. Serum phosphorous was 1.0-1.6 mg/dl, tubular reabsorption of phosphorus was 47 to 58%, TmPO4/GFR was o.7-1.2 mg/dl. Aminoaciduria was noted. Bone biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of osteomalacia. He partially responded to the treatment with 1 alpha()H) D3 and sodium phosphate. After removal of sarcoma of the mandible, symptoms remitted and pertinent laboratory data became normal except serum alkaline phosphatase for more than one year without treatment. It is suggested that an impaired response of the tubule and bone to active vitamin D3, caused in some way by the osteosarcoma might be one of the causes of osteomalacia in this case.
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PMID:Vitamin D resistant hypophosphatemic osteomalacia associated with osteosarcoma of the mandible: report of a case. 627 44

The case of a 66-year-old woman with a primary cardiac osteosarcoma is described. These distinctly rare malignant tumors arise preferentially in the left atrium. Clinically, they often present symptoms of both, intramural and intracavitary neoplasm in addition to general weakness, recurrent breast pain, and dyspnea. As shown in the present case, with growing intracavitary tumor masses the risk for peripheral arterial including cerebral embolism increases. Consequently, in most patients with symptoms of systemic arterial embolism of unknown origin performance of transesophageal echocardiography seems advisible, which is presently the most convenient noninvasive imaging method to exclude or to identify intracardiac sources of emboli, irrespective of their type.
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PMID:A primary osteosarcoma of the heart as a cause of recurrent peripheral arterial emboli. 973 45

Oncogenic osteomalacia is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome. It is characterized by bone pain, muscle weakness, gait disturbance, fractures and skeletal deformities. Hypophosphatemia, diminished renal phosphate reabsorption, decreased 1,25 dihydroxy Vitamin D and elevated alkaline phosphatase are the biochemical hallmarks of this disorder. Most tumors are of mesenchymal origin. We report the case of a 39-year-old woman with oncogenic osteomalacia caused by osteosarcoma of the right scapula which was unrecognized for several years. She subsequently developed tertiary hyperparathyroidism after treatment with oral phosphate and Vitamin D. This case illustrates that oncogenic osteomalacia may persist for many years before the tumor is discovered. This is because the tumors are frequently very small and are in obscure locations. The uniqueness of this case is the coexistence of hyperparathyroidism and oncogenic osteomalacia. Five other cases have been reported up to date. All patients had received phosphate supplement, ranging from 10 to 14 years prior to their diagnosis. Interestingly, our patient was on the treatment for only 2 years. The proposed mechanism is that exogenous phosphate stimulates parathyroid activity through sequestration of calcium.
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PMID:Development of tertiary hyperparathyroidism after phosphate supplementation in oncogenic osteomalacia. 1085 15

The nematode Spirocerca lupi is a parasite of dogs with beetles of several species serving as intermediate hosts. The medical records of 50 dogs diagnosed with spirocercosis at the Hebrew University Veterinary Teaching Hospital (HUVTH) in Israel during 1991-1999 were retrospectively reviewed and compared to a control group (n=100). There was a seven-fold increase in the annual number of dogs diagnosed with spirocercosis during these years while the hospital caseload increased by 80%, indicating an emerging outbreak of this infection. Dogs from the greater Tel Aviv area were at the highest risk of being diagnosed with spirocercosis with 74% of the cases originating from this region compared to only 17% of the controls. The disease appeared to have a primarily urban pattern of distribution with a significantly higher percentage (P=0.025) of dogs from cities versus rural areas, as compared to the control group. Sixty-two percent of the cases were diagnosed during the colder months of December through April. The median age of infected dogs was 5 years, with dogs 1 year old or younger at the lowest risk of being diagnosed with spirocercosis. Large breeds were at a higher risk of infection in comparison to small breeds and the Labrador Retriever was significantly over represented (P=0.027) in the study group compared to the control population. The most common signs were vomiting or regurgitation (60%), pyrexia (24%), weakness (22%), respiratory abnormalities (20%), anorexia (18%), melena (18%) and paraparesis (14%). A caudal esophageal mass was identified by radiography in 53% of the dogs and spondylitis of the thoracic vertebrae in 33%. Fecal flotation was positive for S. lupi eggs in 80% of the dogs, and endoscopy was found to be the most sensitive diagnostic procedure and allowed diagnosis in 100% of the examined dogs. Fifty-three percent of the dogs were anemic and creatine kinase (CK) activities were elevated in 54%. Necropsy of 14 dogs revealed esophageal or gastric granulomas in 13 dogs, and an esophageal osteosarcoma in a single animal. Aortic aneurysms were found in six (43%) dogs. Out of 24, 15 dogs (63%) for which follow-up information was available died or were euthanized within 1 month of admission. The case-fatality rate decreased toward the end of the study period when improved therapy with avermectins became available.
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PMID:Canine spirocercosis: clinical, diagnostic, pathologic, and epidemiologic characteristics. 1212 53

Effects of T8993G mutation in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), associated with neurogenical muscle weakness, ataxia and retinitis pigmentosa (NARP), on the cytoskeleton, mitochondrial network and calcium homeostasis in human osteosarcoma cells were investigated. In 98% NARP and rho(0) (lacking mtDNA) cells, the organization of the mitochondrial network and actin cytoskeleton was disturbed. Capacitative calcium entry (CCE) was practically independent of mitochondrial energy status in osteosarcoma cell lines. The significantly slower Ca(2+) influx rates observed in 98% NARP and rho(0), in comparison to parental cells, indicates that proper actin cytoskeletal organization is important for CCE in these cells.
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PMID:Influence of a mitochondrial genetic defect on capacitative calcium entry and mitochondrial organization in the osteosarcoma cells. 1558 39

Seven children with sciatic neuropathy associated with an underlying neoplasm are reported. Clinical presentation, electrophysiological data, imaging, pathology, and/or autopsy results are described. Pain and weakness, primarily foot drop, were the most common presenting symptoms. The mechanism of sciatic neuropathy was varied and included: nerve infiltration by the adjacent neoplasm (neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and leukemic or lymphomatous infiltration); an expanding, intrinsic neurogenic tumor (perineurioma); or intraoperative stretch injury (osteosarcoma resection). The prognosis for sciatic nerve recovery was good among children who survived their associated cancer. Three children died from the cancer or complications of treatment. One child with perineurioma remained clinically stable, and two children improved after treatment of their neoplasm.
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PMID:Pediatric sciatic neuropathy associated with neoplasms. 2125 82

A 15-yr old boy presented with low backache for 4 months associated with weakness of left lower limb. MRI of lumbosacral spine showed a sacral lesion with intraspinal and presacral soft tissue extension with neural compression. A diagnosis of tuberculosis was considered in the view of high prevalence in this part of the world, however biopsy revealed Ewing's sarcoma. Ewing's tumor of sacrum is rare, but should be suspected in low backache in children. Differential diagnosis for a sacral lesion includes tuberculosis, pyogenic osteomyelitis, lymphoma, chordoma, osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma. MRI is sensitive in detecting these lesions but is nonspecific requiring histopathological examination for confirmation.
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PMID:Sacral Ewing's Sarcoma and Challenges in it's Diagnosis on MRI. 2247 Jun 16


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