Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1762617 (weakness)
 37,932 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of this study was (1) to evaluate the technical and methodological problems associated with invasive haemodynamic measurements in unsedated cattle; (2) to assess the reproducibility of such measurements both within and between days; and (3) to compare the values with those previously reported. Twenty-one healthy calves, aged from 5.5 to 12 months, were studied. The central venous, the right ventricular, the pulmonary arterial, the pulmonary capillary wedge and the systemic arterial pressures were obtained by means of fluid-filled catheters, and the cardiac output was measured by the thermodilution technique. The heart rate, the stroke volume, the pulmonary and systemic vascular resistances and the pulmonary and systemic ventricular workloads were calculated. An adverse reaction, consisting of severe pulmonary hypertension, tachycardia, tachypnoea and transient weakness, occurred in 7 calves during the catheterization procedures. Such a reaction might be due to a local reflex induced by stimulation of mechano-receptors by the catheter tip. It should be avoided by reducing the manipulation of the catheter as much as possible and by inflating the tip of the balloon when moving it forwards. A comparison of the vascular pressures with those previously reported was difficult because of methodological or technical limitations, such as, for instance, a lack of standardization of the baseline. The reproducibility of the haemodynamic measurements obtained was satisfactory, in contrast to previous studies performed in conscious animals. This was attributed to our animals being better trained to the experimental conditions and emphasizes the importance of reducing mental stress in obtaining reliable haemodynamic measurements in unsedated and potentially uncooperative animals.
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PMID:Technical and methodological requirements for reliable haemodynamic measurements in the unsedated calf. 149 63

We describe a neonate with distal renal tubular acidosis with secondary hyperparathyroidism manifesting as hyperchloraemia, hypercalcaemia, elevated serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and life-threatening metabolic acidosis. He exhibited general weakness, tachypnoea, dry skin and weight loss. Urinary excretion of titratable acid and ammonium was decreased. Daily alkali (2.5 mEq/kg body weight) was required to maintain a normal plasma bicarbonate (HCO3-). With alkali therapy, the fractional excretion of HCO3- was below 5%. Serum calcium and PTH were restored to normal promptly on initiation of alkali therapy. After 5 months of alkali therapy, normal growth and urine acidifying ability were restored and alkali therapy was discontinued. The acidification defect in this patient was transient. We consider this patient to be consistent with Lightwood's syndrome of "transient infantile renal tubular acidosis".
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PMID:Transient neonatal distal renal tubular acidosis with secondary hyperparathyroidism. 161 37

The literature contains about 500 cases of equine leucosis, though the reports are deposited in a great number of journals and vary considerably concerning particular topics. During the last years there has been a remarkable increase of publications about this syndrome in the equine. The clinical leucosis key recommended by us has been confirmed in principle considering the latest literature. In about 70 individual symptoms which can be clinically observed in equine with leucosis 11 can be considered as main symptoms because of their frequency; they are again classified in primary (lymph node tumours including splenomegaly--loss of condition, weakness--cachexia, weight loss, periphery oedema), secondary (anorexia, inappetence--fever--paleness of mucous membrane--anaemia--tachycardia) and accessory (incoordination--tachypnoea, dyspnoea--apathy, lethargy) main symptoms. Furthermore in future it will be necessary to take into more consideration the symptoms "recurrent colic" and "hydrothorax" within differential diagnosis. The main symptom "incoordination" (ataxia, asynergy, paresis, paralysis) is used by us more precisely only in case of impairment of nervous system by neoplastic infiltrations and does not signify as possible symptoms of general physical weakness, for example faltering, staggering, tumbling or lameness. The morphological classification follows further on our previous recommendation. There exist generalized forms with tumour infiltrations in abdominal and in thoracic cavity as well as especially in peripheral lymph nodes. On the other hand there are characteristic manifestations in certain regions of the body, which establish distinctly the clinical symptomatology. They are marked as regional multicentric forms with the main localizations "mediastinal", "splenic", "mesenteric" or "intestinal".(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Clinical diagnostic keys and special manifestations in equine leukosis]. 195 30

An episode of pulmonary arteritis and sclerosis in twenty 5- to 6-month-old dairy calves was investigated. Sixteen of the calves died acutely, without marked premonitory signs of disease. Four calves evaluated clinically had lethargy, pallor, weakness, tachycardia, tachypnea, and jugular venous distention. Cardiac catheterization performed in 3 of the calves revealed pulmonary hypertension; 1 of these calves survived. Necropsy findings in 19 calves included pale lungs and excess free fluid in the pleural and abdominal cavities. In addition, 13 of 19 calves had a dilated and thin-walled right ventricle; 4 of the calves had right-sided cardiac hypertrophy, and 2 had dilatation of the pulmonary artery. Microscopically, pulmonary arteritis and sclerosis of the small to medium-sized arteries were evident in all calves submitted for necropsy. A lung biopsy specimen from a surviving calf had similar lesions. Centrilobular hepatic necrosis was found in 17 of 19 calves. Investigation of the disease episode, including feed analysis for toxins and serologic and microbiological studies of clinically affected calves and clinically normal in-contact penmates, failed to reveal any associated risk factor. The pulmonary arterial changes in the calves were similar to lung lesions in rats fed monocrotaline.
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PMID:Pulmonary hypertension in a group of dairy calves. 202 38

Intoxication with metaproterenol, a mainly beta-2 selective agonist, was diagnosed in a dog with tachycardia, tachypnea, weakness, vomiting, and a history of exposure to the drug. Electrocardiography and echocardiography disclosed sinus tachycardia with episodes of ventricular tachycardia and exuberant systolic ventricular function, respectively. Administration of the beta blocking drugs propranolol and atenolol led to resolution of the clinical signs. Excessive sympathetic stimulation caused by metaproterenol is an unusual intoxication in dogs.
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PMID:Metaproterenol intoxication in a dog. 226 51

The effects of eight neuroleptic drugs injected into the cerebral ventricles on behavior, autonomic and motor activity of unanesthetized cats have been studied. Chlorpromazine, trifluorpromazine, droperidol, haloperidol, domperidone and spiperone induced emotional behavior (restlessness, miaowing, rage, attack, defense, fighting with paws, biting), autonomic (mydriasis, tachypnoea, dyspnoea, panting, salivation, defecation, urination, licking, vomiting) and motor (ataxia, muscular weakness, adynamia) phenomena. The main and the most consistent effect was the motor impairment, while the aggression was inconsistent and of moderate intensity. Of the neuroleptic drugs injected, only spiperone, domperidone and trifluorpromazine produced a dose-dependent motor impairment. The autonomic effects were also inconsistent and of low intensity. Metoclopramide induced inconsistent autonomic and motor effects, while sulpiride was devoid of any visible behavioral, autonomic and motor activity. It appears, therefore, that the motor impairment as well as the aggression caused by the neuroleptic drugs is perhaps related to central D-1 rather than to central D-2 dopamine receptors, but an effect on central norepinephrine and on central serotonin receptors cannot be excluded.
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PMID:Behavioral, autonomic and motor effects of neuroleptic drugs in cats: motor impairment and aggression. 286 89

Gram-negative neonatal septicemia was diagnosed in a premature Standardbred colt. Clinical signs included lethargy, weakness, loss of suckle reflex, tachypnea, and injected mucous membranes. Sequelae included pneumonia, omphalophlebitis, septic arthritis, and osteomyelitis. Prepartum maternal uterine infection, premature delivery, abnormal parturition with premature fetal membrane separation, and failure of passive transfer of colostral immunoglobulins increased the foal's risk for developing sepsis. Treatment included administration of moxalactam disodium and cefadroxil. The clinical efficacy of cephalosporin antibiotics in the treatment of gram-negative sepsis is discussed.
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PMID:Omphalophlebitis and osteomyelitis associated with Klebsiella septicemia in a premature foal. 320 51

The effect on behavior of eight anticholinergic agents: atropine, scopolamine, trihexyphenidyl, biperiden, homatropine, eucatropine, hexocyclium and propantheline, injected into the cerebral ventricle (ICV) of the cat was investigated and compared. The anticholinergic agents evoked: (1) psychomotor stimulation such as miaowing, loud calling, restlessness, impelling locomotion, jumping, vacant staring, apprehension and loss of interest of the surroundings; (2) aggression, hissing, threat, attack, defense, fighting with paws and flight; (3) autonomic responses including mydriasis, tachypnea, dyspnea, licking, vomiting, salivation, micturition and defection; and (4) motor phenomena comprising scratching, ataxia, rigidity, tremor, weakness with adynamia or myoclonic jerks. Convulsions appeared only after ICV injections of atropine and homatropine. The most characteristic behavioral effect of anticholinergic agents was psychomotor stimulation accompanied by mild aggressive responses. The only exception was propantheline which caused a muscular weakness and adynamia. Atropine and scopolamine alone induced a dose-dependent impelling locomotion as well as fighting behavior. Carbachol and eserine injected intracerebroventricularly reversed the locomotion autonomic and motor phenomena produced by anticholinergic agents administered similarly. It is suggested that anticholinergic agents acting as partial agonists, can produce their behavioral effects through central cholinoceptive sites.
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PMID:Comparative behavioral effects of anticholinergic agents in cats: psychomotor stimulation and aggression. 370 93

A patient who developed chronic salicylism associated with salicylate therapy for treatment of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is described, and the clinical presentation and treatment of chronic salicylism are reviewed. A 5 1/2-year-old boy was receiving aspirin 150/mg/kg/day for treatment of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. While on salicylate therapy, the patient developed tachypnea and became increasingly hyperthermic, lethargic, and disoriented. The patient developed a maculopapular rash, weakness, and a decreased level of consciousness during the 11 days before admission to the hospital. Physical examination and laboratory determinations revealed that the patient had hypoprothrombinemia, hypoglycemia, and severe hepatic encephalopathy secondary to long-term salicylate toxicity. The patient was treated for hypoglycemia, electrolyte imbalances, thrombocytopenia, and anemia and was discharged after 24 days. Diagnosing chronic salicylism with hepatic dysfunction was difficult because the symptoms are similar to those of stage I to stage II Reye's syndrome. Liver enzymes, including aspartate aminotransferase (also called SGOT), alanine aminotransferase (also called SGPT), alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase, may be elevated in juvenile arthritis patients with hepatic dysfunction. Liver dysfunction usually improves when salicylate therapy is discontinued. Supportive therapy should always be used in symptomatic patients. Children on long-term, high-dose salicylate therapy should be monitored closely, and baseline liver function tests should be performed. The clinical effectiveness of administering sodium bicarbonate in attempts to alkalinize urine and increase salicylate elimination is controversial. In patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis who develop chronic salicylism, careful analysis of the patient's medication history, laboratory values, and clinical presentation are necessary to rule out Reye's syndrome.
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PMID:Chronic salicylism in a patient with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. 370 82

Brachial neuritis with bilateral hemidiaphragmatic paralysis has been reported in two previous cases in the literature. We report a patient who experienced severe right shoulder discomfort three weeks prior to hospital admission which evolved to include both shoulders. Two weeks prior to admission he noticed the onset of discomfort in breathing in the supine position and shortness of breath with minor exertion. The admitting diagnoses were myocardial infarction due to significant ECG changes and idiopathic elevated bilateral hemidiaphragms. The patient had findings significant for tachypnea, dyspnea, decreased breath sounds at the bases bilaterally, impaired motion of the bilateral lung bases on inspiration and paradoxical respirations. Comprehensive medical testing and evaluation revealed bilateral elevated hemidiaphragms and vital capacity 40% of normal. Weakness of the proximal shoulder girdle and bicep musculature bilaterally was noted. Electromyography was significant for reduced recruitment pattern in the bilateral shoulder girdle musculature. Nerve conduction studies suggested bilateral phrenic neuropathy. This case is an unusual presentation of brachial neuritis affecting the bilateral shoulder girdle with phrenic nerve involvement. The differential diagnosis of acute shoulder pain associated with respiratory symptomatology should therefore include brachial neuritis.
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PMID:Brachial neuritis involving the bilateral phrenic nerves. 380 Jun 25


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