Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1762617 (weakness)
 37,932 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of eight neuroleptic drugs injected into the cerebral ventricles on behavior, autonomic and motor activity of unanesthetized cats have been studied. Chlorpromazine, trifluorpromazine, droperidol, haloperidol, domperidone and spiperone induced emotional behavior (restlessness, miaowing, rage, attack, defense, fighting with paws, biting), autonomic (mydriasis, tachypnoea, dyspnoea, panting, salivation, defecation, urination, licking, vomiting) and motor (ataxia, muscular weakness, adynamia) phenomena. The main and the most consistent effect was the motor impairment, while the aggression was inconsistent and of moderate intensity. Of the neuroleptic drugs injected, only spiperone, domperidone and trifluorpromazine produced a dose-dependent motor impairment. The autonomic effects were also inconsistent and of low intensity. Metoclopramide induced inconsistent autonomic and motor effects, while sulpiride was devoid of any visible behavioral, autonomic and motor activity. It appears, therefore, that the motor impairment as well as the aggression caused by the neuroleptic drugs is perhaps related to central D-1 rather than to central D-2 dopamine receptors, but an effect on central norepinephrine and on central serotonin receptors cannot be excluded.
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PMID:Behavioral, autonomic and motor effects of neuroleptic drugs in cats: motor impairment and aggression. 286 89

Hypoglycemia associated with nonislet cell tumor was found in 13 dogs. In each dog, clinical signs were related directly to adrenergic and neuroglucopenic effects of hypoglycemia and included collapsing episodes, tremors, restlessness, weakness, and grand mal seizures that were responsive to glucose administration. Eight of the dogs had hepatocellular carcinoma; surgical resection of the tumor achieved remission of clinical signs in 3 of these dogs. Other hepatic tumors associated with hypoglycemia included leiomyosarcoma and hemangiosarcoma involving solitary lobes of the liver. Nonhepatic tumors included splenic hemangiosarcoma, diffuse metastatic melanoma, and salivary gland adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Hypoglycemia associated with nonislet cell tumor in 13 dogs. 298 Dec

In this literature, the authors analyze and compare the concepts of instability and hyperkinesia. One historic chapter shows that we are dealing with two parallel bibliographies that don't cross-check. It's a question of two different ways of naming and describing the same children. A differential semiological analysis in relation to three conceptual pairs, chosen because of their key positions (agitation-excitation, motor weakness-dyspraxia, personality problems-psychopathy) shows that it's sometimes impossible to clearly separate instability-hyperkinesia from these other concepts, insofar as they have been blown out of proportion and deformed. Nosographic categories overlap and cross-penetrate each other, which greatly limits their interest. Finally, it seems as if instability, a vast idea originally, had been progressively dismembered to the advantage of other categories, then disappeared from french literature entirely only to be replaced by hyperkinesia. This hyperkinesia can be taken literally as a personality disorder like any other, and also covers whatever is left of "instability". But the very concept of hyperkinesia, as was the case with instability, is blurred. The idea of MBD, and currently TDA, has historically been placed as a return to a huge category encompassing disorders that instability had progressively been differentiated from, and might be an attempt to anchor this nosology more firmly in medical speech. But the amalgam of social, physiological and psychological data resolves nothing and the problem remains intact.
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PMID:[Unstable or hyperkinetic children. A comparative study of the concepts]. 305 Oct 69

A case of cryptococcal meningitis in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is described, as well as the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and therapeutic management of the disease. In July 1987 a 38-year-old white man was admitted to the hospital because of confusion, disorientation, and headache. His medical history was notable for a positive human immunodeficiency virus test. Culture of the cerebrospinal fluid was positive for Cryptococcus neoformans. The patient was started on amphotericin B 16 mg/day (0.3 mg/kg/day) intravenously and flucytosine 2 g every six hours (150 mg/kg/day) orally. Despite premedication with diphenhydramine and acetaminophen, he experienced rigors that were treated with hydrocortisone and meperidine. Three weeks later he was discharged on flucytosine 2 g orally every six hours and amphotericin B 50 mg intravenously every other day. One week later the patient developed fever and chills; blood cultures were positive for methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, and his peripheral leucocyte count was 1.8 X 10(3)/cu mm. Flucytosine was discontinued, and he was treated with intravenous nafcillin while remaining on amphotericin B. In October the patient complained of nausea, vomiting, weakness, and agitation. A CSF latex agglutination titer for cryptococcal antigen was 1:32. He was treated with amphotericin B 50 mg daily until symptoms resolved and then continued on amphotericin B 50 mg twice weekly. Cryptococcosis is the most common life-threatening fungal infection among AIDS patients. In contrast to immunocompetent hosts, this population invariably develops disseminated disease, with 85% having meningeal involvement. The most effective therapy for cryptococcal meningitis in patients with AIDS has not been established.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Management of cryptococcal meningitis in patients with AIDS. 341 73

The rapid diagnosis and immediate intervention required in patients with serious drug overdose or poisoning makes toxicological screening of limited value to the emergency department physician. Instead, a careful clinical evaluation using the history, physical examination, and the more readily available laboratory tests may allow a tentative diagnosis and the initiation of life-saving treatment. Laboratory tests should include serum osmolality, electrolytes, glucose, BUN and an estimation of the anion and osmolar gaps. The ECG can also provide useful information. Clinical findings of important include altered blood pressure, pulse, respiration and body temperature, the presence of coma, agitation, delirium or psychosis, and muscular weakness. An ophthalmological examination is also of importance in the acutely poisoned patient. Oral burns or dysphagia may occur following ingestion of any strongly reactive substance, but the absence of oral burns does not preclude the possibility of oesophageal or stomach injury. Odours and skin colour may also contribute to the diagnosis. Comprehensive toxicology screening may not be immediately available, or may be inaccurate, thus adding little to the information obtained during the initial evaluation of the poisoned patient.
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PMID:Physical assessment and differential diagnosis of the poisoned patient. 354 6

A case of intravenous labetalol in the treatment of a resistant hypertensive emergency is reported. Although there have been several reports of the use of oral labetalol in resistant hypertension, no intravenous administration in hypertensive emergency resistant to other drugs has been reported to date. A 36-year-old black female with BP of 270/160 mm Hg with complaints greater than one month's duration of dizziness, severe headaches, blurred vision, shortness of breath, vomiting, palpitations, flushing, agitation, diarrhea, weakness, and weight loss, was treated successfully with intravenous labetalol after she failed to respond to other established parenteral antihypertensive drugs. The patient received labetalol 20 mg iv bolus, and then 20 mg every ten minutes until a cumulative dose of 200 mg was attained. Labetalol produced a prompt but smooth reduction in BP without any reflex tachycardia or other adverse effects. Intravenous labetalol may be safe and effective for the management of rapid BP control in hypertensive emergencies resistant to other parenteral antihypertensive agents.
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PMID:Intravenous labetalol in the management of resistant hypertensive emergency. 360 97

The effect on behavior of eight anticholinergic agents: atropine, scopolamine, trihexyphenidyl, biperiden, homatropine, eucatropine, hexocyclium and propantheline, injected into the cerebral ventricle (ICV) of the cat was investigated and compared. The anticholinergic agents evoked: (1) psychomotor stimulation such as miaowing, loud calling, restlessness, impelling locomotion, jumping, vacant staring, apprehension and loss of interest of the surroundings; (2) aggression, hissing, threat, attack, defense, fighting with paws and flight; (3) autonomic responses including mydriasis, tachypnea, dyspnea, licking, vomiting, salivation, micturition and defection; and (4) motor phenomena comprising scratching, ataxia, rigidity, tremor, weakness with adynamia or myoclonic jerks. Convulsions appeared only after ICV injections of atropine and homatropine. The most characteristic behavioral effect of anticholinergic agents was psychomotor stimulation accompanied by mild aggressive responses. The only exception was propantheline which caused a muscular weakness and adynamia. Atropine and scopolamine alone induced a dose-dependent impelling locomotion as well as fighting behavior. Carbachol and eserine injected intracerebroventricularly reversed the locomotion autonomic and motor phenomena produced by anticholinergic agents administered similarly. It is suggested that anticholinergic agents acting as partial agonists, can produce their behavioral effects through central cholinoceptive sites.
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PMID:Comparative behavioral effects of anticholinergic agents in cats: psychomotor stimulation and aggression. 370 93

Healthy camels were experimentally infected with Trypanosoma evansi and then treated with isometamidium chloride (samorin) at single intravenous doses of 0.5 or 1.0 mg/kg. Five to 10 min after the drug administration, the camels at both dosages showed lacrimation, salivation, trembling, restlessness, frequent urination and defecation, followed by diarrhea. Moreover, the camels at the higher dose showed an unsteady gait for about an hour with hindleg weakness and walking backward. The animals fell to the ground, laid on their sides, and bent their necks into an "S" shaped curve. Three hours after the drug administration all the animals stood up and remained quiet. The treatment increased the concentration of plasma ammonia and total protein. No significant change was found in the plasma bilirubin concentration. Two hours after treatment, the activity of plasma cholinesterase was significantly reduced. The enzyme activity recovered 24 h after drug administration, but was still significantly below the control value. The treatment did not produce statistically significant changes in the hemogram of the infected camels. The results suggest that the drug should not be used clinically against T evansi infection due to its low margin of safety. If the drug is to be used at all in camels, pretreatment with an anticholinergic agent might be considered.
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PMID:Some observations on the toxicosis of isometamidium chloride (samorin) in camels. 377 85

What took place following the delivery of princess Charlotte of England's 4 000 gm stillborn infant? Two hours after manual removal of the placenta she suddenly developed malaise and weakness, followed by somnolence then agitation, with progressive worsening and death. Professor Dumont comments on the accounts describing this event at that time in history and offers a retrospective diagnosis.
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PMID:[The ill-fated delivery and death of Princess Charlotte of England 6 November 1817]. 388 68

In a randomized double-blind parallel group study conducted in three centres the hypotensive activity of piretanide 6 mg b.i.d. was compared with that of hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) 25 mg b.i.d. and HCT 50 mg b.i.d. Ninety-three patients entered the study and sixty-one completed a 16-week trial period. All three treatments produced a significant reduction in supine diastolic and systolic blood pressure after only 2 weeks of active treatment and this was maintained for the duration of the study. The mean maximal reduction in supine diastolic blood pressure was 18% in the piretanide group, 18.8% in the HCT 25 mg b.i.d. group, and 20% in the HCT 50 mg b.i.d. group. The corresponding figures for the percentage of patients attaining a supine diastolic pressure below 95 mm Hg were 83%, 62% and 89%. There were no significant differences between the three groups. Side-effects were generally mild and transient, except for polyuria which was noted in all three groups but more commonly in the piretanide group. Two patients were withdrawn because of side-effects: one patient in the high dose HCT group developed severe postural symptoms; and one patient in the low dose HCT group was withdrawn because of restlessness, nausea, weakness, dizziness and somnolence. All three treatments caused a significant increase in serum uric acid concentrations. Four patients in each of the HCT groups developed hypokalaemia, but no patients in the piretanide group did so.
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PMID:A double-blind multicentre study of piretanide and hydrochlorothiazide in patients with essential hypertension. 637 42


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