Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1762617 (weakness)
 37,932 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

After apparently uncomplicated excision of benign lesions in the posterior cervical triangle, two patients had shoulder pain. In one, neck pain and trapezius weakness were not prominent until one month after surgery. Inability to elevate the arm above the horizontal without externally rotating it, and prominent scapular displacement on arm abduction, but not on forward pushing movements, highlighted the trapezius dysfunction and differentiated it from serratus anterior weakness. Spinal accessory nerve lesions should be considered when minor surgical procedures, lymphadenitis, minor trauma, or tumours involved the posterior triangle of the neck.
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PMID:Accessory nerve palsy. 20 81

Codman established the diagnostic criteria and treatment for musculotendinous cuff rupture over 40 years ago. Chronic shoulder pain after a history of trauma which is unresponsive to usual conservative treatment may indicate rotator cuff tear. Point tenderness, weakness of abduction and external rotation, atrophy, and palpable crepitus or a gap are confirming signs. X-rays may be negative in the acute injury but show definite changes with chronicity. An arthrogram confirms the presence of a tear. An electromyograph should be performed to rule out suprascapular nerve lesions. Surgical repair will result in good or excellent results in at least two-thirds of cases properly selected. Complications which can adversely influence the results include deltoid avulsion, residual impingement and ectopic bone formation. A successful repair is generally permanent.
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PMID:Rupture of the musculotendinous cuff of the shoulder. 72 51

Four cases of long thoracic mononeuropathy associated with sports participation are presented. Each patient developed shoulder pain or dysfunction after an acute event or vigorous activity, and demonstrated scapular winging consistent with serratus anterior weakness. The diagnosis was confirmed with electromyography in each case. It is suggested that the athletic activity caused a stretch injury to the long thoracic nerve. Conservative management, consisting of range of motion exercises for the shoulder and strengthening of the serratus anterior muscle, resulted in a favorable outcome in all patients.
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PMID:Long thoracic neuropathy from athletic activity. 846 31

Glenoid dysplasia is a rare congenital abnormality that may be associated with vague shoulder pain, limitation of motion, and weakness of the upper extremity. In many cases it is an incidental finding on chest roentgenogram, and high-level function is usually possible before the onset of symptoms or degenerative changes. The case of an 18-year-old collegiate football offensive lineman who developed symptoms secondary to previously undetected bilateral glenoid dysplasia is reported. Roentgenograms demonstrated dysplastic scapular necks, and arthrography showed a deformed, constricted shoulder capsule. Magnetic resonance imaging defined the extent of the cartilaginous anlage, and arthroscopy demonstrated progressive articular cartilage degeneration. Although treatment alleviated the shoulder symptoms at low-level activities, the patient was unable to successfully compete under the extreme demands of an American football lineman.
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PMID:Glenoid dysplasia. A case report and review of the literature. 139 38

A 56-year-old man developed left shoulder pain three weeks after starting a cardiac rehabilitation program, which consisted of submaximal aerobic and progressive resistive exercises. Pain in the left shoulder intensified and weakness developed one week later. He sought medical attention ten weeks after the onset. Physical examination showed only weakness of left shoulder abduction and external rotation with mild atrophy of the left supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles. Electrodiagnostic study showed fibrillation potentials and positive sharp waves in the left supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles with delayed conduction to the supraspinatus. The left suprascapular notch was injected with local steroid. Within one week, improvement occurred, and one month later the patient was pain free and stronger. The motor latency returned to normal, and no fibrillations nor positive waves were seen. The patient returned to his previous functional level. Suprascapular neuropathy should be considered as a cause of shoulder pain and weakness in a person involved in any strengthening exercise program. A steroid injection of the suprascapular notch performed early may avoid the need for surgery.
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PMID:Suprascapular neuropathy during progressive resistive exercises in a cardiac rehabilitation program. 144 79

We report three cases of ipsilateral spinal accessory nerve palsy complicating carotid endarterectomy. Awareness of this cranial nerve injury, as a complication of this common surgical procedure, can lead to early diagnosis and avoids unnecessary investigations. This should be considered whenever such patients complain postoperatively of ipsilateral shoulder pain/weakness or "aching" about the ear, even if some time has elapsed since surgery.
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PMID:Spinal accessory (11th) nerve palsy following carotid endarterectomy. 154 36

Traumatic rupture of the tendon of the subscapularis muscle was documented as an isolated lesion in the shoulders of 16 men. The injury was caused either by forceful hyperextension or external rotation of the adducted arm. The patients complained of anterior shoulder pain and weakness of the arm when it was used above and below the shoulder level. They did not experience shoulder instability. The injured shoulders exhibited increased external rotation and decreased strength of internal rotation. A simple clinical manoeuvre called the 'lift-off test', reliably diagnosed or excluded clinically relevant rupture of the subscapularis tendon. Confirmation of the clinical diagnosis was best achieved by ultrasonography or MRI, but arthrography or CT arthrography were also useful. Surgical exploration confirmed the diagnosis in every case. Repair of the ruptured tendon was technically demanding and required good exposure to identify and protect the axillary nerve.
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PMID:Isolated rupture of the tendon of the subscapularis muscle. Clinical features in 16 cases. 167 Apr 34

Entrapment of the suprascapular nerve is frequently overlooked in the differential diagnosis of shoulder pain. The diagnosis is typically not considered until patients develop severe weakness secondary to atrophy of the spinatus (spinous) musculature that the nerve supplies. Twenty-seven masses were identified adjacent to the suprascapular nerve on magnetic resonance (MR) images of the shoulder; there were 21 ganglion cysts, two synovial sarcomas, one Ewing sarcoma, one chondrosarcoma, one metastatic renal cell carcinoma, and one hematoma associated with a fracture. Atrophy of both the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles was seen in association with anteriorly located masses and proximal entrapment of the nerve in 11 cases (40%); isolated atrophy of the infraspinatus muscle was seen in association with posteriorly located masses and distal entrapment of the nerve in nine cases (33%). MR imaging may facilitate the diagnosis of suprascapular nerve entrapment in patients with shoulder pain of unclear origin when perineural masses and atrophy of the spinatus musculature are present.
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PMID:Suprascapular nerve entrapment: evaluation with MR imaging. 173 62

The purpose of this study was to investigate the plain film finding of dysplasia of the lesser tubercle of the humerus and its relationship to medial dislocation of the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii muscle as diagnosed by shoulder arthrography. Of 55 patients referred for arthrography of the shoulder because of undiagnosed shoulder pain, 12 demonstrated flattening of the medial wall of the bicipital tendon groove. Of these, 58% had medial dislocation of the biceps tendon, and 43% of patients with dislocation of the biceps tendon were also shown to have a tear of the rotator cuff. Since biceps tendon pathology has long been implicated in shoulder pain and weakness, assessment of the bicipital groove may provide important information in evaluating patients with potential abnormality of the biceps tendon.
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PMID:Bicipital groove dysplasia and medial dislocation of the biceps brachii tendon. 192 73

Proximal upper extremity weakness may develop secondary to central cord syndrome due to spinal cord injury or brachial plexus injury. Functional deficits, pain, decreased upper extremity arm swing during gait, and shoulder subluxation are common sequelae of these injuries. This report describes a new orthotic design that can be easily fabricated in two to four hours from readily available materials to compensate for these deficits. This orthosis allows for early participation in activities of daily living for patients with greater proximal than distal upper extremity weakness. The orthosis consists of a figure-eight shoulder harness and unilateral or bilateral forearm cuffs of orthoplast connected to the harness by flexible rubber tubing. The length of the tubing is adjustable through clamps connected to the forearm cuff to allow for variable arm positioning. Three patients, aged 14, 64, and 68, two with central cord syndrome and one with injury to the upper portion of the brachial plexus (Erb palsy) are described. Shoulder girdle musculature was less than 2, biceps less than 2, triceps less than 4, and hands less than 5 in all patients. Benefits from use of this orthosis may include improved arm swing and balance during ambulation, reduced shoulder pain and subluxation, and increased independence for tasks such as carrying lightweight objects, lower extremity dressing, bathing, light homemaking, and leisure activities such as gardening.
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PMID:A new orthosis for central cord syndrome and brachial plexus injuries. 224 38


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