Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1762617 (weakness)
 37,932 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Isoparaffins covered in this manuscript are branched aliphatic hydrocarbons with a carbon skeleton length ranging from approximately C10 to C15. They are used in the manufacture of liquid imaging toners, paint formulations, charcoal lighter fluid, furniture polishes and floor clearners. Potential exposure exists in the petroleum, printing and paint industries. Isoparaffins have a very low order of acute toxicity, being practically non-toxic by oral, dermal and inhalation routes. However, aspiration of liquid isoparaffins into the lungs during oral ingestion could result in severe pulmonary injury. Dermally, isoparaffins have produced slight to moderate irritation in animals and humans under occluded patch conditions where evaporation cannot freely occur. However, they are not irritating in non-occluded tests, which are a more realistic simulation of human exposure. They have not been found to be sensitizers in guinea pig or human patch testing. However, occasional rare idiosyncratic sensitization reactions in humans have been reported. Instillation of isoparaffins into rabbit eyes produces only slight irritation. Several studies have evaluated sensory irritation in laboratory animals or odor or sensory response in humans. When evaluated by a standard procedure to assess upper airway irritation, isoparaffins did not produce sensory irritation in mice exposed to up to 400 ppm isoparaffin in air. Human volunteers were exposed for six hours to 100 ppm isoparaffin. The subjects were given a self-administered questionnaire to evaluate symptoms, which included dryness of the mucous membranes, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, headache, dizziness, feeling of inebriation, visual disturbances, tremor, muscular weakness, impairment of coordination or paresthesia. No symptoms associated with solvent exposure were observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Toxicology update isoparaffinic hydrocarbons: a summary of physical properties, toxicity studies and human exposure data. 219 78

A 54-year-old man began to feel numbness in his hands at the age of 42 (1975). His condition became progressively worse accompanied by muscle weakness of the lower limbs and glove and stocking paresthesia of the extremities. The patient was admitted to our hospital on March 23, 1987. Neurological examination revealed distal dominant muscle weakness, sensory disturbance and areflexia. Electrocardiogram and ultrasound-cardiogram strongly suggested cardiomyopathy. A biopsy of the rectal wall and the cardiac muscle revealed amyloid deposits. The patient, his elder brother and one of his daughters had abnormal serum transthyretin (TTR, a protein referred as prealbumin). Therefore, the diagnosis of familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) was confirmed. The patients's brother and daughter mentioned above, however, had no abnormal findings on physical examination and they were thus considered to be asymptomatic carriers. There may be more cases of asymptomatic carriers, if examination of abnormal TTR is more frequently analyzed.
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PMID:Familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy in Hokkaido: a case report. 221 48

Regarded by many as a delicacy, puffer fish can be the source of lethal food poisoning in humans. The syndrome is caused by tetrodotoxin, one of the most potent poisons known. Intoxication produces a constellation of symptoms, with paresthesias and generalized muscle weakness being common complaints. Treatment is symptomatic and often needs to be aggressive. Life support may be required. In some series, the mortality rate has approached 60 percent.
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PMID:Puffer fish poisoning. 222 May 11

As mentioned previously, both MS and PML are demyelinating conditions of the CNS and pose diagnostic difficulties in their differentiation because of similarities in their clinical findings. However, certain features unique to each of these diseases are helpful in clinical diagnosis. MS, unlike PML, is a disease of unknown cause. Polygenetic influences in combination with exposure to an environmental agent and immune-mediated factors may be operative in the pathogenesis of MS. Age of onset peaks in the third to fourth decades with a predominance in women, as contrasted with PML, which peaks in the fifth to sixth decades in most non-AIDS-associated cases with a slight predominance in men. MS is more prevalent in areas farther from the equator: North America, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand. Common initial symptoms seen in MS include bilateral limb weakness (with the legs being affected twice as often as the arms), hyperreflexia, spasticity, optic neuritis, diplopia, incoordination, and paresthesias. (Paresthesias are typically found in the lower limbs in a symmetric pattern, but may follow no obvious anatomic distribution and often do not correspond to the distribution of sensory symptoms. Vibration and position sense are more frequently disturbed than pain and temperature.) Intellectual impairment and mental deterioration are uncommon early in MS, whereas they are a more frequent initial presentation in PML. In addition, the presence of speech impairment and monoparesis or hemiparesis with homonymous hemianopsia is more suggestive of PML. Brain stem involvement is infrequent.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Chronic encephalitis caused by leukoencephalopathy. 222 61

A case of mitochondrial myopathy with mononeuritis multiplex was described. A 55-year-old man was hospitalized because of blepharoptosis and muscle weakness. His mother also showed blepharoptosis in her elderly stage of life. He had been healthy until 46 years of age, when he first noticed difficulty of speech, followed by bilateral blepharoptosis, weakness of upper limbs, and sensory disturbance in the left occipital, and left upper and lower extremities. These symptoms progressed slowly. On admission, bilateral blepharoptosis was recognized. Slightly to moderate muscle wasting and weakness were observed in the face, neck, trunk, and extremities. Areflexia was observed in the upper extremities. Paresthesia was observed in the left occipital and left hip, and superficial sensation was impaired in the left upper and lower extremities. Electromyographic examination of extremities showed neurogenic changes in the distal muscles and myogenic changes in the proximal muscles. Motor conduction velocities were normal, but sensory conduction velocities decreased in amplitude on the left upper extremity and were not evoked on the left lower extremity. Muscle biopsy specimen revealed numerous "ragged-red" fibers. Cytochrome c oxidase stain showed a decrease in intensity of staining. A sural nerve biopsy showed slight axonal degeneration and slight loss of nerve fibers. Biochemical analysis on biopsy muscle showed partial deficiency of cytochrome c oxidase activity.
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PMID:[A case of mitochondrial myopathy with mononeuritis multiplex]. 224 28

A case of acute transverse myelitis associated with ECHO-25 virus infection was reported here with a brief review of the literature. The patient was a 42-year-old house wife. Without any antecedent symptoms, weakness and paresthesia of bilateral lower extremities, and sphincter disturbance developed suddenly. Neurological examination revealed paraplegia of both legs, hyperreflexia of lower extremities, bilateral positive Babinski sign and impairment of all sensory modalities below Th4 level. No abnormality was found in myelography and CT myelography. Abnormal intensity area was found in lower cervical spinal cord on MRI. Serum antibody titer to ECHO-25 virus was elevated in the convalescent stage (X4096), and 7 month later from the onset of neurological symptoms, high value was continued (X128). We diagnosed her illness as acute transverse myelitis complicating ECHO-25 virus infection. In the literature, only 3 cases of transverse myelitis following ECHO virus infection (type 2, 5, 19) were found. This case seemed to be the first case of transverse myelitis associated with ECHO-25 virus infection.
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PMID:[Acute transverse myelitis associated with ECHO-25 virus infection]. 224 35

Ten adults were studied two to seven years after resection of a fibula for use as a free vascularised bone graft. Six had no symptoms in the donor leg, four had some aching, weakness or paraesthesia and three had definite weakness of the long toe flexors and extensors. All knees and ankles were clinically and radiologically stable, but the distal fibular remnant was osteoporotic in nine patients. Gait analysis of the donor leg and the contralateral normal leg showed definite differences, which could be attributed to weakness of the deep muscles caused by loss of their normal origin and to the change in load transmission through the fibula.
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PMID:Donor site morbidity following resection of the fibula. 205 55

The clinical and neurophysiological characteristics of radiation-induced brachial plexopathy (RBP) were assessed in 79 breast cancer patients without signs of recurrent disease at least 60 months after radiotherapy (RT). Clinically, 35% (95% confidence limits: 25-47%) had RBP. Fifty percent (31-69%) had affection of the entire plexus, 18% (7-36%) of the upper trunk only, and 4% (1-18%) of the lower trunk. In 28% (14-48%), assessment of a definite level was not possible. In most, symptoms began during or immediately after RT, thus being without significant latency. Numbness or paresthesias (71%, 52-86%) and pain (43%, 25-62%) were the most prominent symptoms, while the most prominent objective signs were decreased or absent muscle stretch reflexes (93%, 77-99%) closely followed by sensory loss (82%, 64-93%) and weakness (71%, 52-86%). Neurophysiological investigations were carried out in 46 patients (58%). The most frequent abnormalities in patients with RBP were signs of chronic partial denervation with increased mean duration of individual motor unit potentials, and decreased amplitude of compound muscle and sensory action potentials. Nerve conduction velocities were normal.
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PMID:Clinical and electrodiagnostic findings in breast cancer patients with radiation-induced brachial plexus neuropathy. 232 36

A thirty-eight-year-old man developed gradually progressing right retro-orbital pain, diplopia on the left lateral gaze, and left ptosis. On examination paresthesia was present on the first division of right trigeminal nerve. Orbital venography revealed obstruction of right superior orbital vein on the entering portion to the cavernous sinus. A daily administration of 30 mg of prednisolone resulted in a rapid improvement of the symptoms. Diagnosis of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome was made on the basis of neurological symptoms, roentgenographic findings and responsiveness to prednisolone. One year later, weakness of right leg accompanied with left cervical and axillary lymphadenopathy was developed. A biopsy specimen of cervical lymph node was identical with the Hodgkin's disease, lymphocyte predominance type. He was treated with COPP regimen; lymphadenopathy decreased in size. We reported a rare case of Hodgkin's disease preceded by Tolosa-hunt syndrome which might be caused by the extranodal lesions.
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PMID:[Hodgkin's disease associated with Tolosa-Hunt syndrome]. 232 80

Complications of transfemoral arteriography requiring surgery are rare but carry significant morbidity. To evaluate clinical factors that might relate to such complications, we retrospectively reviewed our experience from January 1, 1985, to December 31, 1988 (four years). Forty-seven complications requiring surgery occurred among 10,589 cases. The risk was higher after cardiac catheterization than after peripheral arteriography (0.55% versus 0.17%, p less than 0.025). In nearly 40% of these cases, arterial puncture was not in the common femoral artery. Acute bleeding complications were more likely among patients with puncture outside the common femoral artery (p less than 0.001). Older patients and women were at slightly higher risk for complications requiring surgery, but this difference was not statistically significant. The frequency of bleeding complications was not significantly higher among patients who were anticoagulated following the procedure. The distribution of puncture sites was identical in obese and nonobese patients. Three patients died (two from myocardial infarction, one from multisystem organ failure). Two limbs did not improve; one required major amputation. Four limbs had persistent paresthesia and two had persistent weakness. We conclude that complications of transfemoral arteriography requiring surgery occur more frequently among patients who are undergoing cardiac catheterization and who suffer aberrant punctures. Age, sex, body habitus, and anticoagulation have less impact on patient risk.
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PMID:Anatomic and clinical factors associated with complications of transfemoral arteriography. 234 Feb 48


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