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Query: UMLS:C1762617 (weakness)
 37,932 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Of 100 consecutive patients with acute lumbosacral radiculopathy who were treated conservatively and the majority of whom were followed for at least 5 years, only 5% had to undergo laminectomy and diskectomy. Conservative management included complete bed rest for 2 to 3 weeks, with occasional use of anti-inflammatory drugs, and support of the lumbosacral spine, at first with a corset and later with vigorous abdominal strengthening exercises. Repeated electromyography was of value in assessing clinical weakness, providing objective guidance to management. It is concluded that in only rare instances is surgery indicated for lumbosacral radiculopathy secondary to disk derangement.
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PMID:Lumbosacral radioculopathy: review of 100 consecutive cases. 626 86

Three cases are presented of thoracic radiculopathy related to collapsed thoracic vertebral bodies. In all cases proximal weakness of the legs was present, leading to the diagnosis of myopathy in two cases. Sensory symptoms were present in two cases. In one, anterior thigh paresthesias lead to a diagnosis of meralgia paresthetica. This diagnostic entity must be remembered if appropriate corroborative tests are to be performed. In cases of trauma this diagnosis should be considered if thoracic vertebral collapse is present. Conversely, an evaluation of proximal weakness should include a review of thoracic radiographs for vertebral collapse, especially in the presence of sensory findings in the lower abdominal or proximal thigh region.
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PMID:Thoracic radiculopathy related to collapsed thoracic vertebral bodies. 672 67

Exercise-induced weakness (fatiguing) is described in three patients with cervical compressive radiculopathy. In all three cases, the patients had symptoms only while at work, and in two cases, symptoms occurred in life-threatening situations. All patients had seen several physicians with a functional diagnosis being considered in all cases because of symptoms only at work and the absence of objective findings during examination. Precise history and examination techniques led to the correct diagnosis and treatment after appropriate investigation. The fatiguing weakness in our cases is thought to be a manifestation of early or mild neurologic involvement unmasked by exercise, rather than a manifestation of compression or ischemia.
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PMID:Fatiguing weakness: an initial symptom in cervical compressive radiculopathy. 683 95

Twenty patients with a clinically documented thoracic outlet syndrome were studied with regard to their clinical and electromyographic findings. Certain vascular as well as neurologic signs were noted to be prominent, particularly the presence of a supraclavicular bruit as well as reproduction of the patient's symptomatology while doing the thoracic outlet stress test. Other findings such as interossei weakness, ulnar nerve hypalgesia, supraclavicular tenderness to deep palpation, and reproduction of the patient's symptomatology via bilateral shoulder opposition were noted to be present. Classical maneuvers used to diagnose the thoracic outlet syndrome were compared and the thoracic outlet stress test was shown to be the best clinical test available at the present time. In addition, electromyographic studies were done showed abnormalities in only 55% of the cases when using multiple parameters that have been described in the literature recently. A new nerve conduction procedure was described here in which a conductions over the ulnar nerves were obtained in the thoracic outlet stress position and found, in a few cases, to show a reduction in amplitude of the evoked potential obtained at the hypothenar eminence. In addition, some findings suggestive of cervical radiculopathy were noted in the cases studied and several possible explanations for this were discussed.
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PMID:The thoracic outlet syndrome: an assessment of 20 cases with regard to new clinical and electromyographic findings. 722 28

Four cases of suprascapular nerve injury following various types of trauma are reported. This nerve is subject to damage where it passes through the suprascapular notch. Initially, main complaints are vague shoulder area pain, weakness in shoulder abduction and external rotation, followed by atrophy of the shoulder girdle muscles innervated by the suprascapular nerve. Electromyography confirms the diagnosis. The literature was reviewed for possible mechanisms of the suprascapular nerve injury, which should not be confused with cervical radiculopathy, brachial plexopathy, or rotator cuff injury. Early active and passive range of motion exercises are recommended, to retard muscle atrophy and prevent secondary joint problems. If regeneration does not occur, surgical exploration should be considered.
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PMID:Suprascapular nerve injury following trauma to the shoulder. 726 37

The course of radiculopathy is sometimes associated with weakness and wasting of muscles. Very rarely in such cases, however, is hypertrophy of muscle fibres observed. Three cases are presented of sciatica with enlarged calves caused by hypertrophy of type 1 or types 1 and 2 muscle fibres. In light of the literature and the results obtained, an attempt is made to explain the cause of rare clinical symptoms and draw attention to diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties.
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PMID:Neurogenic muscle hypertrophy in radiculopathy. 752 92

The vast majority of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) have symptoms or signs involving the feet and lower extremities. Patients presenting to podiatrists with foot complaints may, in fact, have neurologic complications of HIV originating in any level of the neuraxis, and multiple levels may be involved. These include multiple classes of peripheral neuropathy and myopathy, inflammatory radiculopathy, myelopathy, and central nervous system lesions caused by direct HIV infection or opportunistic infections. Common complaints such as pain, numbness, burning, tingling, weakness, cramps, unsteady gait, and others should be systematically evaluated with both podiatric and neurologic etiologies in mind for early diagnosis and intervention.
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PMID:Neurologic conditions affecting the lower extremities in HIV infection. 764 14

Trauma and compression along the course of the median, ulnar or radial nerve from the brachial plexus to the fingers may cause pain, weakness, numbness or tingling of the upper extremity. Diabetes, smoking, alcohol consumption, rheumatoid arthritis and hypothyroidism are risk factors for nerve entrapment, although these disorders typically produce bilateral symptoms. Carpal tunnel syndrome, the most common nerve entrapment condition, results from median nerve compression at the wrist. The diagnosis is suggested by decreased pain sensation and numbness in the thumb and index and middle fingers; symptoms are reproduced by wrist hyperflexion and median nerve percussion. Volar splinting and steroid injection often ameliorate symptoms. Decreased sensation of the little finger and the ulnar aspect of the ring finger, along with intrinsic muscle weakness, may be caused by cervical radiculopathy, thoracic outlet syndrome or compression of the ulnar nerve above the elbow (cubital tunnel syndrome) or at the wrist (ulnar tunnel syndrome). Electromyography and radiography may help differentiate these conditions. Radial tunnel syndrome occasionally accompanies inflammation of the common wrist extensors and lateral epicondylitis ("tennis elbow"). A radial nerve block can help exclude concomitant radial tunnel syndrome in patients with symptoms of lateral epicondylitis.
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PMID:The numb arm and hand. 776 75

An unusual case of multiple aneurysms of the extracranial vertebral artery associated with neurofibromatosis is presented. A 48-year-old woman, complaining of weakness and numbness of the left upper extremity, was admitted to our hospital on July 27, 1987. She had undergone the removal of a left internal thoracic artery aneurysm due to hemothorax on June 12, 1987. On the next day, the symptoms of the left upper extremity appeared. On admission, general physical examination showed multiple cafe-au-lait spots on her body and cervicothoracic scoliosis. Neurological examination revealed left C5, 6 radiculopathy. Cervical CT scans showed enhanced masses at the transverse foramina. Left subclavian angiography demonstrated multiple extracranial vertebral artery aneurysms from the origin of the vertebral artery to the C4 level. This case was treated by proximal and distal ligation of the aneurysms. Postoperative right and left angiograms revealed no aneurysms filled with contrast materials. The weakness and numbness of the left upper extremity disappeared gradually after the operation.
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PMID:[A case of multiple extracranial vertebral artery aneurysms associated with neurofibromatosis]. 807 95

The history, pathoanatomy and pathophysiology, clinical picture, differential diagnosis, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment of cervical radiculopathy are reviewed. The review is based on a 10-year Medline literature search, review of bibliographies in textbooks, and bibliographies in articles obtained through the search. Cervical radiculopathy, although recognized early in the 20th century, was first associated with disc pathology in the mid-1930s. It is most commonly caused by disc herniation or cervical spondylosis. History and physical examination using pain location, manual muscle testing, and specialized testing (Spurling's maneuver) will usually suffice to diagnose the radiculopathy and determine the root level involved. Diagnostic imaging such as magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, or myelography should be used as presurgical evaluative tools or when tumor or other etiology besides disc herniation or spondylosis is suspected. Electromyography is of benefit in distinguishing various entities that clinically present similar to cervical radiculopathy and can also help to "date" the lesion. Treatment of this disorder has not been systematically studied in a controlled fashion. However, using a variety of different treatments, the radiculopathy usually improves without the need for surgery. Indications for surgery are unremitting pain despite a full trial of non-surgical management, progressive weakness, or new or progressive cervical myelopathy. Prospective studies evaluating the various treatment options would be of great benefit in guiding practitioners toward optimum cost-effective evaluation and care of the patient with cervical radiculopathy.
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PMID:Cervical radiculopathy. 802 37


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