Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1762617 (weakness)
 37,932 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three cases of musculocutaneous nerve injury distal to its innervation of the coracobrachialis muscle are reported. The syndrome typically features painless weakness of the biceps brachii and brachialis muscles, sensory loss in the distal volar forearm, a history of recent vigorous upper extremity resistive exercise, and resolution of the problem on resting the affected extremity. In all three reported cases the dominant arm was involved. The condition should not be confused with C-5 or C-6 radiculopathy, brachial plexopathy, or rupture of the biceps brachii muscle belly or tendon.
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PMID:Musculocutaneous nerve injury after heavy exercise. 66 61

Metastatic plexopathy is often a disabling accompaniment of advanced systemic cancer and may involve any of the peripheral nerve plexus. Brachial plexopathy most commonly occurs in carcinoma of the breast and lung; lumbosacral plexopathy is most common with colorectal and gynecologic tumors, sarcomas, and lymphomas. Regardless of the location, carcinomatous plexopathy typically is associated with severe unrelenting pain as the cardinal clinical feature. Later, weakness and focal sensory disturbances occur in the distribution of plexuses involvement. Epidural tumor involvement frequently (in more than 50% of patients) coexists with either plexopathy. In previously treated patients, the main differential diagnostic consideration is radiation-induced plexopathy. Treatment of metastatic plexopathy is palliative and includes radiotherapy to the tumor mass and chemotherapy. In selected patients, subtotal surgical resection of the tumor may be warranted. The response to therapy is modest and generally short lived. Efforts should be made to provide adequate pain control, to maximize remaining neurologic function, and to prevent complications of immobility produced by the neuromuscular dysfunction.
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PMID:Nerve plexus metastases. 172 1

Brachial plexus neuropathy is a common syndrome that, although a distinct clinical entity, is often unrecognized. The illness is characterized by the acute onset of shoulder girdle pain without constitutional symptoms. The pain persists for 1 to 2 weeks, then subsides, with the development of weakness and atrophy in the affected muscles. Good recovery usually occurs but may take up to three years. There is no effective treatment. Since this condition may masquerade as bursitis, cervical disc disease, or other conditions commonly seen by general physicians, it is important to recognize this disorder.
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PMID:Brachial plexus neuropathy. 184 87

The clinical and neurophysiological characteristics of radiation-induced brachial plexopathy (RBP) were assessed in 79 breast cancer patients without signs of recurrent disease at least 60 months after radiotherapy (RT). Clinically, 35% (95% confidence limits: 25-47%) had RBP. Fifty percent (31-69%) had affection of the entire plexus, 18% (7-36%) of the upper trunk only, and 4% (1-18%) of the lower trunk. In 28% (14-48%), assessment of a definite level was not possible. In most, symptoms began during or immediately after RT, thus being without significant latency. Numbness or paresthesias (71%, 52-86%) and pain (43%, 25-62%) were the most prominent symptoms, while the most prominent objective signs were decreased or absent muscle stretch reflexes (93%, 77-99%) closely followed by sensory loss (82%, 64-93%) and weakness (71%, 52-86%). Neurophysiological investigations were carried out in 46 patients (58%). The most frequent abnormalities in patients with RBP were signs of chronic partial denervation with increased mean duration of individual motor unit potentials, and decreased amplitude of compound muscle and sensory action potentials. Nerve conduction velocities were normal.
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PMID:Clinical and electrodiagnostic findings in breast cancer patients with radiation-induced brachial plexus neuropathy. 232 36

Twelve patients who developed radiation-induced brachial plexopathy (RIBP) after receiving radiation therapy for breast carcinoma (7 patients) or Hodgkin's lymphoma (5 patients) were followed for 12 or more years, with a mean follow-up time of 20 years. Tingling and numbness of the fingers as well as weakness of the hand or arm were the most prominent presenting symptoms of RIBP. Whereas pain in most patients evolved only later in the course, it became a predominant feature in only 2. In 8 of the 12 patients, the plexopathy was surgically treated, either by neurolysis only or by neurolysis plus omental grafting in order to stop progression or paresis and/or pain. In 8 patients, including 6 of the operated group, there was slow and steady progression of RIBP over time, with the final outcome being almost complete paralysis of the arm (2 patients) or severe sensorimotor paresis rendering the hand useless (6 patients). In only 4 patients, including 2 of the non-operated group, was there absence of progression and stabilization of the paresis with only slight functional loss of the affected arm in 3 patients and severe palsy in 1. None of the 12 patients had any clear long-lasting improvement of their sensorimotor impairment. It is concluded from this study that RIBP, irrespective of surgery (neurolysis and/or omentum transplant), left two-thirds of the patients with severe or total paresis of the arm. However, the almost complete relief of severe pain (6 of 8 patients), both immediately and in follow-up patients treated with neurolysis and/or omental transplant, indicates that surgical treatment has a beneficial effect on pain relief.
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PMID:Natural history of radiation-induced brachial plexopathy compared with surgically treated patients. 239 47

The results of clinical, radiologic, and electrophysiologic studies are retrospectively reviewed for 55 patients with neoplastic and 35 patients with radiation-induced brachial plexopathy. The presence or absence of pain as the presenting symptom, temporal profile of the illness, presence of a discrete mass on CT of the plexus, and presence of myokymic discharges on EMG contributed significantly to the prediction of the underlying cause of the brachial plexopathy. The distribution of weakness and the results of nerve conduction studies were of no help in distinguishing neoplastic from radiation-induced brachial plexopathy.
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PMID:Distinction between neoplastic and radiation-induced brachial plexopathy, with emphasis on the role of EMG. 253 77

Three patients developed prominent neurologic symptoms and signs associated with Schoenlein-Henoch purpura. A 7 1/2-year-old boy was seen with status epilepticus after a 2-week history of generalized headaches, irritability, and intermittent colicky abdominal pain. A left hemiparesis and a left homonymous hemianopia with a right gaze preference that were present on initial examinations gradually resolved, but a mild left arm paresis persisted. Cutaneous, renal, and joint involvement followed initial CNS manifestations. The second patient, a 7-year-old girl, had a complex partial seizure with secondary generalization and a postictal hemiparesis seven days after presentation with classic signs of Schoenlein-Henoch purpura. Behavioral changes were noted during the acute phase of the illness. The third patient, a 13-year-old boy, developed signs of a left brachial plexopathy and transient weakness of his right leg during a complicated course of Schoenlein-Henoch purpura. Review of the world literature indicates that headaches and mental status changes are the most frequent neurologic complications of Schoenlein-Henoch purpura, followed by seizures, focal neurologic deficits, mononeuropathies, and polyradiculoneuropathies. The vasculitis of Schoenlein-Henoch purpura can involve the nervous system and may add significantly to the morbidity of the illness.
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PMID:Neurologic manifestations of Schoenlein-Henoch purpura: report of three cases and review of the literature. 298 37

Brachial plexus neuropathy (BPN) is a clinical entity of unknown cause characterized by the acute or subacute onset of pain and weakness, with occasional atrophy of the arm muscles. Information on the incidence of the disease in a delineated population is lacking, as the data available on BPN have come essentially from case reports or selected series. Using the Mayo Clinic records-linkage system as the source of data, 579 clinical records were reviewed of Rochester, Minnesota, residents in which a diagnosis suggestive of BPN was reported for the period 1970 through 1981. Eleven cases fulfilled all criteria, providing an overall annual incidence rate of 1.64 cases per 100,000 population. An infectious disease and/or tetanus toxoid immunization preceded the onset of BPN in 4 cases. The upper brachial plexus was involved in 6 cases, the lower brachial plexus in 2, and the whole plexus in 3; in 1 case there was bilateral BPN. The neuropathy ran a mild to moderate course in 10 cases, and complete recovery was recorded in 6, with slight residua in the others. The occurrence of antecedent events and the features of the disease are supportive of the concept of an immune-mediated process.
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PMID:Brachial plexus neuropathy in the population of Rochester, Minnesota, 1970-1981. 299 15

Three cases of isolated musculocutaneous neuropathy that were related to heavy physical activity are reported. The condition was predominantly motor, and each patient presented with weakness and loss of the normal contour of the biceps muscle. Recovery was complete in two cases, while the third case was left with residual weakness of the biceps muscle. It is postulated that the neuropathy in such cases is due to entrapment or stretching of the nerve where it passes through the coracobrachialis muscle in the upper arm. The condition should be distinguished from rupture of the biceps muscle belly or tendon, from brachial plexopathy and from cervical radiculopathies.
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PMID:Musculocutaneous neuropathy after strenuous physical activity. 301 90

Brachial plexus neuropathy is an acute neurologic disorder characterized by pain, weakness, and atrophy of the muscle groups affected. Although well documented in the adult literature, relatively few cases have been reported in children. Despite the lack of knowledge concerning its etiology, and lack of an effective therapy, the long-term prognosis is excellent. It is perhaps for these reasons that spinal fluid analysis is not routinely performed during the acute phase of this illness. An evaluation of the clinical course of three children, together with epidemiologic data, suggests that early lumbar punctures and an extensive search for an infecting viral agent, notably coxsackievirus B, are warranted.
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PMID:Brachial plexus neuropathy. Three cases in children. 624 29


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