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Query: UMLS:C1522102 (Melanoma)
 7,698 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The current classification of cutaneous melanoma was developed in 1972 and revised in 1982. Since that time, new concepts and terminology have evolved that require consideration of a further revision. Regional meetings of interested parties have been held to review the Classification and there will be an open meeting on the topic at the 1997, 4th World Conference on Melanoma in Sydney, Australia. This paper reports on a meeting to discuss some of the concepts that will form part of that process, held on November 3, 1996 as part of the XVIth International Pigment Cell Conference. A questionnaire is included that will allow the interested reader to provide comments on the topic.
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PMID:Proposed reclassification of melanoma: a meeting held at the XVIth International Pigment Cell Congress, 3rd November 1996. 917 Jan 64

Cutaneous malignant melanoma (MM) is a treacherous disease which carries high mortality rates. However, when diagnosed early it is wholly curable. The incidence of MM is rising steadily. The most important clinical signs include the appearance of a newly acquired pigmented lesion or change in a preexisting one. Melanoma has been classified into subtypes which include melanoma in situ, lentigo maligna melanoma, nodular melanoma, acral lentiginous melanoma, desmoplastic melanoma, superficial spreading melanoma, and mucosal melanomas. Although these overlap, there are characteristic clinical features of each that are generally recognizable. Evaluation of pigmented lesions requires correlation of clinical findings with risk factors, family history and histology. A representative skin biopsy should be performed on any lesion suspected of being MM, even if the possibility is remote.
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PMID:Cutaneous malignant melanoma: classification and clinical diagnosis. 922 May 47

In Sweden, individuals with dysplastic naevus syndrome (DNS-D2), a high risk group for malignant melanoma, are regularly screened and informed about self-examination and sun protection. During the summer of 1994, 54 out of 65 consecutive patients completed 1 month of daily self-recordings of sun-related behaviour. The diary report was compared with questionnaire responses obtained 6 months later concerning sun-related behaviour, both habitual and during the month of self-recording. The correspondence between the sun-related behaviour recorded in the diary and given in response to the questionnaire was fairly high, but 48% underestimated and 29% overestimated their actual number of sunbathing occasions in the questionnaire. Few patients indicated habitual high frequencies of sunbathing, although some of them recorded six or more occasions during 1 month in the diary. Those who recorded multiple sunburns reported the highest number of sunburns in the questionnaire. Patients who scored high on sunbed use also recorded high numbers of sunbathing occasions. Diaries should be used when detailed information about the magnitude of sun-related behaviour is essential, whereas questionnaires should be sufficient in studies aiming to differentiate between high and low frequencies of such behaviour.
Melanoma Res 1997 Aug
PMID:Assessment of sun-related behaviour in individuals with dysplastic naevus syndrome: a comparison between diary recordings and questionnaire responses. 929 86

The incidence and mortality of cutaneous malignant melanoma are increasing at a rate of between 3 and 7% in European countries. Although the prognosis for individual cases is improving, the rising mortality rate is attributed to a rapidly growing incidence that is not offset by improved diagnosis and treatment. The Norwegian Melanoma Group intends to publish and distribute national guidelines for the management of patients with cutaneous melanoma. National guidelines will ensure that the treatment and follow-up of melanoma patients are based on scientific data, contributing to a uniform practice, and thereby improving the quality of melanoma management. This article focuses on diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of stage I and II melanoma, i.e. melanoma without metastasis.
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PMID:[Malignant melanoma. Diagnosis, treatment and follow-up]. 938 47

Melanoma of the mouth is rare, most commonly occurring on the upper jaw of patients older than 50 years. Because of a frequent delay in diagnosis, the tumors are often diagnosed after they are deeper than the average cutaneous melanoma. Hence, the prognosis tends to be poor. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment, but often it is difficult because of anatomic restraints. Although melanoma is classically not very radiosensitive, occasional patients have had a good response to radiation therapy, sometimes with temporary palliation. Other treatment modalities are similar to those used for cutaneous melanoma. Immunotherapy, including interferon, has been used. Chemotherapy has a low response rate.
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PMID:Oral melanoma: diagnosis and treatment. 942 Dec 25

The incidence of Cutaneous Melanoma is 4-5% of all the tumors of the skin. This incidence increases several folds in the last years. Metastases of Melanoma involve lungs, skin, soft tissue, liver, bone, brain, but in 20-30% of the patients involve gastrointestinal (GI) tract. In 60-70% of the cases GI metastases involve small bowel, in 15-20% stomach, in 10-20% large bowel, in 5% esophagus. In 8% of the patients the primary cutaneous melanoma is not known. The prognosis of the patients with metastatic melanoma is poor with an average survival of 5 months. One patient male, 51 years old, underwent surgery for metastases from melanoma in the lymph nodes of the right axilla and in the gastrointestinal tract (ileum). An ileo-ileo anastomosis and a lymphoadenectomy of the nodes of the right axilla were performed. After a first chemotherapy with DTIC (800 mg/m2) + a-IFN(3MU three times every week) and another with CDDP (30 mg/m2 day 1-3), DTIC (250 mg/m2 day 1-3) and VDS (2.5 mg/m2 day 1) with no response, the patient was treated with chemo-immunotherapy sec. Bernengo, slightly modified: CDDP 75 mg/m2; IL-2 18 MU (9MU b.d.) day 3-6 and 17-21; a-IFN 5MU three times every week. This therapy had a partial response of short-course (three months) and the patient died 15 months after surgery. The authors hope that immunotherapy and genetic therapy improve the survival of the patients with metastatic melanoma in the next years.
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PMID:[Ileal and axillary metastasis of primary unknown site melanoma. Clinical case]. 945 53

It is now generally agreed that solar exposure is a major external factor in the causation of cutaneous melanoma in light skinned populations with red hair and a marked susceptibility to the acute effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. In the present study, we investigated the existence of a possible relationship between hair melanin composition and minimal erythema dose (MED), as an indicator of UV sensitivity, in a group of 15 healthy red-haired subjects aged 20-46 years. In spite of comparable skin and hair colour, marked variations were observed in the MED values as well as in the hair melanin composition. Phaeomelanin levels varied in the range 0.026-0.53% w/w and were generally comparable to or higher than eumelanin levels (0.042-0.17% w/w). No significant relationship was found between MED values and phaeomelanin, eumelanin or total melanin (eumelanin plus phaeomelanin) content. Notably, however, a gross positive correlation was found between the eumelanin/phaeomelanin ratio and the MED values. These results would suggest that a high UV sensitivity is associated with high phaeomelanin and low eumelanin levels, and point to the eumelanin/phaeomelanin ratio as a novel chemical parameter that could be used for predicting individuals at high risk for skin cancer and melanoma.
Melanoma Res 1998 Feb
PMID:Phaeomelanin versus eumelanin as a chemical indicator of ultraviolet sensitivity in fair-skinned subjects at high risk for melanoma: a pilot study. 950 77

A population-based case-control study was undertaken to determine whether cutaneous melanoma is associated with past military service in tropical locations. The participants were 150 male residents of southern Queensland aged 50 or over with a first diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma notified to the Queensland Cancer Registry between 1 July 1993 and 30 June 1994; 150 age-matched controls were randomly selected from the Queensland electoral roll. Data were collected from participants using a structured questionnaire. Overall, 82 (55%) cases and 80 (53%) controls reported a period of military service. Of these, 42% of both cases and controls spent part of their military service in tropical locations, with little difference in the distribution of duration of tropical service between the two groups. Compared with those who had no tropical military service, the risk of melanoma among those who had served more than 3 years in the tropics was 0.9 (0.3-2.7). Against a background level of very high risk of melanoma among Queensland men, there was no evidence that tropical military service materially increased the risk.
Melanoma Res 1998 Feb
PMID:History of tropical military service and risk of primary cutaneous melanoma in Queensland men. 950 79

Melanoma progression in general is characterized by an increase in both metastatic frequency and the vascular density of the tumour tissue. Although a direct correlation between these two parameters in individual cases seems to be lacking, it is clear that metastasis is invariably preceded by angiogenesis. One of the angiogenic factors that is produced by human melanoma cells is vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). To investigate the role of this factor in the angiogenic process in primary cutaneous melanoma we determined the mean vascular density and the presence of VEGF protein in biopsies of human lesions. The results were compared with those found in normal skin or uninvolved skin from melanoma patients. In addition, we studied morphological and antigenic features of the proliferating neovasculature. We show that (1) the mean vascular density gradually rises along with melanoma progression, (2) transition of horizontal to vertical growth phase melanoma is accompanied by induction of VEGF protein expression and accumulation of this factor in the stroma, (3) vertical growth phase melanoma is often organized in nodules separated by septa containing blood vessels, but without lymphatics, and (4) blood vessel lumina in vertical growth phase melanoma are separated from tumour nodules by two basal lamina containing collagen type IV and the endothelium shows activated morphology and focal expression of the adhesion molecule E-selectin. Our findings indicate that VEGF is a prominent angiogenic factor in melanoma angiogenesis. Although its expression is induced during progression, the effect of VEGF on the incidence of metastasis is probably indirect.
Melanoma Res 1997 Aug
PMID:Transition of horizontal to vertical growth phase melanoma is accompanied by induction of vascular endothelial growth factor expression and angiogenesis. 957 13

Human cutaneous melanoma is heterogeneous with respect to the genetic aberrations involved and the genes altered are potential targets for the immune system. The incidence of cutaneous melanoma is known to be linked to UV peak exposure, and the N-ras oncogene is clearly one of the genes involved in the UV carcinogenesis in melanoma. It is mutated in a significant proportion of melanomas and therefore may serve as a target for T cells. Here, we report that an human leukocyte antigen-A2 binding peptide CLLDILDTAGL, encompassing the frequently found 61-Leu mutation in N-ras, induces cytotoxic T lymphocytes from healthy donor blood that lyse 61-Leu N-ras transfected melanoma cells. Furthermore, we have found an association between the presence of N-ras mutations and clinical response to immunotherapy with interleukin-2 plus interferon in a group of stage IV melanoma patients. Although the overall survival of these patients was not affected by the N-ras status of their melanomas, these studies suggest that mutated N-ras may provide a target for cytotoxic T lymphocytes in melanoma patients.
Melanoma Res 1997 Aug
PMID:UV-induced N-ras mutations are T-cell targets in human melanoma. 957 25


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