Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1522083 (Osteosarcoma)
 2,200 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Malignant degeneration of fibrous dysplasia is rare. It occurs with similar frequency at all ages and in both sexes. It is more frequent in cases of polyostotic than in monostotic fibrous dysplasia. In cases of fibrous dysplasia that do show malignant degeneration it is common to find that a high level of alkaline phosphatase persists in the serum, even in adults. Previous radiotherapeutic treatment appears to me a predisposing factor. Osteosarcoma is the most frequent neoplasm, followed at some distance by fibrosarcoma and chondrosarcoma. The tumour is most often localised in the femur; it is not unusual to find it in the tibia, maxilla and mandible. The treatment and prognosis are the same as those of the involved malignant neoplasm.
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PMID:Malignant degeneration in fibrous dysplasia (presentation of 6 cases and review of the literature). 29 46

Osteosarcoma arising in the kidney is a bona fide entity. A case is reported and described in clinical and pathological detail. Characteristic changes include a palpable stony hard renal mass associated with radiographic demonstration of sunburst calcification in the kidney. The case presented is unique in that virtually the entire specimen was composed of bone.
Cancer 1978 Feb
PMID:Primary osteosarcoma of the kidney. 41 12

Radiotherapy of bone tumors can now be performed exclusively by megavolt therapy. Giant cell tumors hsould be resected. If the lesion is not completely resectable, surgery should be followed by the administration of a target dose of 3000 rads in 4-6 weeks. Inoperable giant cell tumors are irradiated to a tumor dose of 5000 rads, inoperable giant cell tumors of grade III receive a dose of 8000 rads as do osteosarcomas. Ewing's sarcoma and reticulum cell sarcoma can be totally destroyed by a tumor dose of 6000 rad with sufficient reliability. Combination with chemotherapy may offer a chance of improvement. Osteosarcoma should be resected. If surgery is too late (early distant metastases), a tumor dose of 8000 to 10000 rads would be able to destroy the tumor cells. Histologic control investigations have proved this.
Recent Results Cancer Res 1976
PMID:X-ray therapy of primary bone tumors. 82 97

A patient's immunologic response to a malignant tumor may be a major factor in determining his ultimate prognosis. An in vitro microcytotoxicity test using cultured tritiated thymidine (3HT) labeled osteosarcoma cells and autologous fibroblasts has been developed to determine the nature of this response. The role of cell mediated and serum factors has been quantitatively evaluated and the following results obtained. Osteosarcoma patients have been demonstrated to possess a normal cellular immune response which exhibits non-specific cytotoxicity in vitro. These patients can not differentiate their tumor cells from autologous fibroblasts, even though they may significantly suppress the growth of homologous tumors or fibroblasts. Serum blocking factors capable of inhibiting lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity are occasionally noted. A reliable quantitative microcytotoxicity technique is presented which demonstrates that: (1) osteosarcoma is not due to host immuno-incompetence, (2) a common sarcoma antigen does not exist and (3) serum blocking factors may occasionally be present.
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PMID:The host immune response in human osteosarcoma. 105 66

In dogs, osteosarcoma is markedly more frequent in giant breeds than in small ones. Ewing's tumor rarely occurs in species other than man. In children, both osteosarcoma dne Ewing's tumor appear to be related to the rate of bone growth. Nonradiogenic osteosarcoma occurs excessively in persons with the heritable form of retinoblastoma, and in certain malformation syndromes, some of which are known to be genetically induced. Osteosarcoma may also be of the heritable type when it is multicentric or aggregates in families. The neoplasm may occur excessively in certain families with specific cancers not involving bone. By contrast, the only evidence of a genetic influence on Ewing's tumor is its near-absence among blacks in the United States and in Africa. The only exogenous agent known to induce osteosarcoma (but not Ewing's tumor) in man is ionizing radiation in substantial doses. There is no epidemiologic evidence for the virus etiology of bone cancer in man. Despite the epidemiologic differences between osteosarcoma and Ewing's tumor, both histologic types occasionally occur in different portions of the same neoplasm.
Recent Results Cancer Res 1976
PMID:Etiology of childhood bone cancer: epidemiologic observations. 107 Jul 24

A patient with bilateral retinoblastoma and subsequent multiple primary osteosarcomas has been described previously. Osteosarcoma cell lines established from this patient were shown to express a shortened RB1 mRNA transcript and no detectable normal Rb protein. We now show that the osteosarcoma cell lines have lost one TP53 allele and contain a mutation in exon 8 codon 286 [GAA to AAA (Glu to Lys)] in the remaining allele. Consequently, the osteosarcoma cell lines have no normal Rb protein and no normal p53 protein. Neither constitutional DNA nor DNA extracted from a retinoblastoma of the left eye of the patient contained the TP53 mutation, suggesting that the TP53 mutation in the osteosarcoma cells may represent a tumor-promoting mutation, which confers a selective growth advantage. If both RB1 and TP53 are involved in the initiation of osteosarcoma, the mechanisms for development of the retinoblastoma and osteosarcoma tumors are different.
Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1992 Dec
PMID:A TP53 mutation detected in cells established from an osteosarcoma, but not in the retinoblastoma of a patient with bilateral retinoblastoma and multiple primary osteosarcomas. 133 9

Osteosarcoma is the most frequent malignant tumor of bones. The peak incidence is in the second decade and the metaphyseal part of long bones is the site of predilection. This tumor is spontaneously rapidly fatal but recent progresses in chemotherapy and surgery have improved its prognosis (for example initial chemotherapy with high dose methotrexate and postoperative chemotherapy adapted to the histological response of the resected tumor to preoperative treatment).
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PMID:[Osteosarcoma]. 160 1

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary skeletal malignancy of childhood, typically occurring between the ages of 10 and 20. The classic radiographic appearance is that of a mixed lytic and sclerotic lesion originating in the metaphysis of the long bones with cortical destruction, periostitis, and an associated soft tissue mass. Metastatic disease to the lungs is an important prognostic indicator and is found in the majority of patients dying of the disease. We present a child with osteosarcoma of the distal femur who developed extensive metastatic disease involving the chest pleura bilaterally with no other sites of involvement.
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PMID:Osteosarcoma with isolated metastases to the pleura. 204 65

Osteosarcoma treatment still is unsatisfactory owing to the development of metastases. This situation causes many problems for the patients as well as the clinicians. Tumor heterogeneity is made responsible for the development of cell lines resistant to chemotherapy. As the transplantable osteosarcoma of the rat resembles the human metastasizing osteosarcoma, studies on clones of this tumor were started. The following compounds were investigated: AMDP, cis-diammine[nitrilotris-(methylphosphonato)(2-)-O1,N1]plati num II; DADP, cis-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine[nitrilotris(methylphosphonato)(2 -)-O1,N1]- platinum II; IMD, cis-diammine[imino-bis(methylphosphonato)(2-)-O1,N1]platinum II; DIMD, cis-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine[iminobis(methylphosphonato) (2-)-O1,N1]platinum II. In vitro assays were performed with cell lines derived from a lung metastasis with the limited-dilution method. The clones varied in modal chromosome number, growth kinetics and tumorigenicity. AMDP was the most potent compound in all three clones resulting in a concentration- and time-dependent effect while IMD was somewhat less active. The diamminocyclohexane derivatives were considerably less effective, inhibiting cell growth especially in clone C10. In contrast, clone C36 was more sensitive than C25 and did not recover within the observation period of 5 days. Viability was reduced significantly only in C10, when treated with AMDP. Differences between the clones and the various compounds in inhibiting cell growth could be observed. Therefore, further experiments on the heterogeneity and sensitivity of these cell lines seem promising.
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1990
PMID:Sensitivity of rodent osteosarcoma clones to platinum-containing phosphonic acid complexes in vitro. 222 34

Osteosarcoma is the most frequent childhood bone cancer (Tebbi, C. K., and Gaeta, J. Pediatr. Ann., 17:285-300, 1988). Using Southern blot mapping, we found that 11 of 60 (18%) osteosarcomas had altered restriction patterns of the p53 gene and that six of these had loss of the other p53 allele. In contrast, no alteration of the p53 gene was detected in 50 samples from other types of sarcomas. Fifty % of osteosarcoma cell lines (4 of 8) also had gross rearrangements of one p53 allele with loss of the second allele, and these had no detectable p53 mRNA. Osteosarcoma cell lines with no detectable alteration of the p53 gene contained abundant p53 transcripts. Taken together, data show that human osteosarcomas can have rearrangements of the p53 gene; these rearrangements may cause loss of normal constraints on cellular growth.
Cancer Res 1990 Dec 15
PMID:Frequency and structure of p53 rearrangements in human osteosarcoma. 225 37


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