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Query: UMLS:C1522057 (Colitis)
 3,500 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Enteritis caused by Yersinia enterocolitica appears to be an uncommon occurrence in the United States. Most of the reported cases have been caused by biochemically typical Y. enterocolitica serotype O:8, the most frequently encountered serotype in the United States. The present report describes the isolation of two biochemically and serologically unusual Y. enterocolitica isolates from a patient with acute enteritis. One strain was distinguished by the rapid fermentation of rhamnose and raffinose and by citrate utilization at 22 degrees C but not at 37 degrees C. The other isolate was sucrose negative, and at either temperature it lacked both the fermentative capability for rhamnose and raffinose and the ability to utilize sodium citrate. Neither strain was agglutinable with known Y. enterocolitica antisera. The rhamnose-positive isolate showed an increased resistance to ampicillin, cephalothin, colymycin, and penicillin when tested at 22 degrees C as compared to results obtained at 37 degrees C. The demonstration that one patient's serum contained agglutinins (1:64) against the sucrose-negative strain supports its etiological significance. The role of the rhamnose-positive strain in the patient's illness is speculative. It conceivably could have potentiated the pathogenicity of the sucrose-negative isolate.
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PMID:Yersinia enterocolitica: recovery and characterization of two unusual isolates from a case of acute enteritis. 85 66

Yersinioses are zoonoses inspite of the fact, that the pathogen is rarely transferred directly from the animal to man, but mostly from contaminated food or contaminated surroundings. Enteritis or enterocolitis develop in most cases after infection with Y. enterocolitica (enteritic form), whereas pseudoappendicitis accompanied by massive mesenterial lymphadenitis of the ileocecal lymph nodes with or without the participation of adjacent parts of the intestine develops after infection with Y. pseudotuberculosis (pseudoappendicitic form). Some complications like arthritis and erythema nodosum occur rather frequently and may help to establish the diagnosis; septicemia occurs very rarely and is as yet lethal in 50% of cases. Confirmation of yersiniosis is in general not possible on clinical grounds only. Also microscopic as well as macroscopic morphological findings will allow a tentative diagnosis only. Confirmation must come from bacteriologic or serologic findings.
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PMID:[Pathogenesis and pathologic anatomy of human Yersinia infections]. 639 1

Ceftibuten is a new, orally administered cephalosporin with exceptional beta-lactamase stability and potency against commonly isolated Gram-negative pathogens. More than 90% of recent Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates were inhibited by < or = 8 micrograms/ml of ceftibuten. In only five enteric species (Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae, Morganella morganii, Serratia marcescens) were more than 15% of strains resistant (minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC, with percent of strains inhibited in subscript numbers) > 16 micrograms/ml) to ceftibuten. Enteritis-producing bacteria such as Salmonella, Shigella, Escherichia coli and Yersinia were very ceftibuten-susceptible (MIC50 < or = 0.13 microgram/ml). Fastidious Gram-negative species causing respiratory tract or genital infections had very low ceftibuten MICs, including beta-lactamase-positive Haemophilus influenzae (MIC90 0.06 to 2 micrograms/ml), Moraxella catarrhalis (MIC90 0.25 to 4 micrograms/ml), and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (MIC90 0.015 to 0.5 microgram/ml). Beta-hemolytic streptococci and penicillin-susceptible pneumococci were also inhibited by ceftibuten. Staphylococci, enterococci, Pseudomonas species and Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria were generally resistant to ceftibuten. Ceftibuten has demonstrated bactericidal activity against susceptible pathogens, has high affinity for several lethal penicillin-binding proteins and possesses stability to common plasmid- or chromosomal-mediated beta-lactamases, including those enzymes that hydrolyze parenteral third generation cephalosporins. The microbiologic features for ceftibuten indicate its clinical potential as chemotherapy for community-acquired respiratory tract infections.
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PMID:Ceftibuten: a review of antimicrobial activity, spectrum and other microbiologic features. 756 14

The clinical presentation, course and outcome of Yersinia enterocolitica infection was studied prospectively in 125 children. Enteric forms occurred in 114 children (92 enteritis, 20 pseudoappendicitis, 2 chronic ileitis), of whom 17 also had extramesenteric manifestations; 11 children had one or more extramesenteric forms without enteric disease. Enteritis occurred more frequently in young children whereas serious forms and extramesenteric forms were more common in children older than 6 years of age (P < 0.001). Arthritis was observed in 13 children and extensive lymphadenopathy in 11; 1 child had septicemia with pleurisy, 1 had vasculitis, 1 had cholecystitis and 4 had erythema nodosum. Diagnosis was established by positive culture in 100 (80%) children and by agglutinin test in 11 of 45 (24%), demonstration of circulating specific anti-IgA and anti-IgG to Yersinia outer membrane proteins in 47 of 48 (98%) and detection of antigen in biopsies in 28 of 33 (85%) children. The 2 latter methods were superior to the agglutinin test. Serotype O3 and O9 predominated. The frequency and seriousness of complications may justify the use of antibiotics for Yersinia enteritis in children 6 years of age or older.
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PMID:Yersinia enterocolitica infection in children. 855 26

A week after transport a 4 month old buffalo calf developed diarrhoea. Its condition gradually deteriorated and it died. Necropsy revealed acute haemorrhagic enteritis and enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes. Haemorrhages and numerous microabscesses were detected in the lamina propria of the small intestine associated with colonies of Gram negative bacteria. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis was isolated from the small intestine and from mesenteric lymph node. Enteritis caused by Y pseudotuberculosis does not appear to have been reported previously in buffalo in Australia.
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PMID:Enteritis associated with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection in a buffalo. 906 62

In Lower Saxony, a regional public health project on a pathogen-specific surveillance of Enteritis infectiosa was carried out from 1994 to 2000. In a separate reporting procedure thirteen health departments transmitted data on the specific pathogen collected from laboratory reports for a joint analysis. The results were distributed among the participants, providing them with information on the situation and trends in their districts and in addition giving them the possibility to compare their data with those of other districts. The incidence of Enteritis infectiosa was 199 reported cases per 100,000 person years. Salmonella was reported most frequently (51 %; S. enteritidis: 33 %, S. TYPHIMURIUM: 14 %, 111 other serotypes: 4 %), followed by Campylobacter (18 %), Rotavirus (17 %), Yersinia enterocolitica (6 %) and Adenovirus (5 %). The incidences of Salmonella and Yersinia enterocolitica were found to be nearly constant over the project period while the incidences of Campylobacter, Rotavirus and Adenovirus increased. This, however, may be due to intensified diagnostics and better reporting behaviour rather than to a real increase. The incidence rates and their trends differed from other German states. This observation emphasizes the need for a regional analysis of infectious disease surveillance data.
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PMID:[Surveillance of gastroenteritic infections in lower Saxony: results and experiences from a regional public-health project over six years]. 1173 70

Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is commonly performed for medically refractory ulcerative colitis (UC), however with multiple possible complications, most notably pouchitis, cuffitis, Crohn's disease of the pouch and irritable pouch syndrome. We present a unique case of suppurative granulomatous inflammation in the ileal pouch mucosa, most likely infective in nature, that is unrelated to recognised causes of such pathology, especially yersiniosis.
J Crohns Colitis 2013 Jun
PMID:Suppurative granulomatous inflammation in the ileo-anal pouch. 2282 99

The diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Asia can be challenging as certain infections can mimic IBD and lead to a misdiagnosis. Colitis can be caused by bacterial infections, ileitis can result from Yersinia and Salmonella infections and ileocolonic ulcers can be seen in intestinal tuberculosis and amebiasis. In addition, cytomegalovirus and Clostridium difficile infection may mimic a flare of IBD and their presence is associated with an increased risk of colectomy and mortality. Because of the increasing use of corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs and biological agents the risk of opportunistic infection and the reactivation of latent infection including tuberculosis and hepatitis B, are also higher in IBD patients. Screening and prevention of infection, timely vaccination and the education of the patient is paramount before initiating immunosuppressive drugs. The role of the physician lies not only in the diagnosis and management of IBD but also in the ability to prevent, recognize and treat infections.
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PMID:Infections and inflammatory bowel disease: challenges in Asia. 2387 24

Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease of unknown etiology. During the last decades, significant technological advances led to development of -omic datasets allowing a detailed description of the disease. Unfortunately, these have not, to date, resolved the question of the etiology of CD. Thus, it may be necessary to (re)consider hypothesis-driven approaches to resolve the etiology of CD. According to the cold chain hypothesis, the development of industrial and domestic refrigeration has led to frequent exposure of human populations to bacteria capable of growing in the cold. These bacteria, at low levels of exposure, particularly those of the genus Yersinia, are believed to be capable of inducing exacerbated inflammation of the intestine in genetically predisposed subjects. We discuss the consistency of this working hypothesis in light of recent data from epidemiological, clinical, pathological, microbiological and molecular studies.
J Crohns Colitis 2020 Sep 19
PMID:Crohn's disease: is the cold chain hypothesis still hot? 3294 22