Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1519176 (PSA)
 5,490 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Distinct glycoconjugate expression between dome enterocytes and villus enterocytes in ileum from twelve 3-week-old conventional pigs was examined by the use of twenty one biotinylated lectins with avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. Three patterns of staining were seen. First, lectins bind to dome enterocyte and villus enterocyte to approximately equal staining, i.e. DSL, WGA, s-WGA and ConA. Second, lectins display a markedly higher affinity for villus enterocyte than dome enterocyte, i.e. DBA, SBA, RCA I, SJA, VVA, BSL II, LEL, PNA, Jacalin, and ECL. Third, lectins exhibit negative staining to dome enterocyte only, i.e. PSA, LCA, UEA-I, and STL. Four lectins; PSA, LCA, UEA-I, STL may be useful negative marker to differentiate glycoconjugate expression between dome enterocyte and villus enterocyte. The staining patterns are slightly different among these negative markers. Three lectins, PSA, LCA, and UEA-1, are negative marker to differentiate dome enterocytes and villus enterocytes. But STL is also negative to dome epithelial surface and moderately positive to villus brush border. It is suggested that the present lectin-binding studies provide the marker of dome enterocyte as compared with villus enterocytes.
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PMID:Lectin histochemical characteristics of the epithelial surface of ileal Peyer's patches in 3-week-old pigs. 936 44

Cerebella from suckling and adult rats were examined histochemically with 19 different biotin-labeled lectins. Purkinje cells from postnatal rats had a marked ability to combine with many lectins, but minimal ability was found in adult rats except for Con-A, LEL, and MAL lectins. The cell body of Purkinje cells on postnatal day 7 was strongly labeled with 6 lectins (Con-A, LTL, MAL, SJA, UEA-I, and VVA). Only moderate staining was observed with these lectins on postnatal day 5. The dendritic tree of the cells showed a moderate labeling ability with LTL and UEA-I on postnatal days 15 and 20. The dendritic tree was strongly labeled with MAL on postnatal days 10, 15, 20 and adult. Positive reactions were observed in the cells when cerebellar sections from rats on postnatal day 7 were incubated with 3 other lectins (AAL, LEL, and SBA). The cells on postnatal day 7 were rarely labeled with BSL-II, DBA, DSL, LCA, PNA, PSA, RCA120, SSA, STL, and WGA. Purkinje cells on postnatal day 7 may be rich in N-linked oligosaccharides, with terminal sugar structures that resemble blood-group-related antigens (type H) and/or tumor-related antigens. These glycoconjugates may be present at low levels in the Purkinje cells of adult rats. Dendrites of Purkinje cells of adult rats were strongly labeled by Con-A, LEL, and MAL. The dendrites of Purkinje cells may be rich in highly branched oligosaccharides.
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PMID:Compositional changes in glycoconjugates recognized histochemically with lectins in Purkinje cells in suckling and adult rats. 961 15

Based on the observation that pathogen-derived lectins play an important role in cell adhesion and invasion, we examined the possible role of host carbohydrate-bearing molecules in inducing the secretion of IL-12, a crucial proinflammatory cytokine. The ability of 12 plant lectins to recognize and stimulate naive murine mononuclear cells in vitro has been characterized in this study. Mitogenic lectins (comprising Con A, PHA, PSA, and LCA) were found to induce the secretion of multiple cytokines in vitro, including IL-2, interferon (IFN)-gamma, and IL-12. Of interest, WGA, a nonmitogenic lectin unable to promote IL-2 secretion, was found to induce IL-12 and IFN-gamma production in a T and B cell-independent fashion. The functional properties of WGA were inhibited by N-acetylneuraminic acid and N,N'-diacetylchitobiose. WGA therefore represents a potentially useful tool for the study of membrane glycoproteins involved in the early proinflammatory response characteristic of innate immunity.
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PMID:Carbohydrate-bearing cell surface receptors involved in innate immunity: interleukin-12 induction by mitogenic and nonmitogenic lectins. 991 81

Conventional histochemistry and the binding patterns of 22 biotinylated lectins were examined for characterisation of glycoconjugates in the components of the olfactory mucosa of the armadillo Chaetophractus villosus. The mucous lining the olfactory epithelium showed binding sites for DSL, WGA, STL, LEL, PHA-E and JAC. Only the basilar processes of the supporting cells stained for Con-A and S-Con A. The olfactory receptor neurons stained with LEL, LCA, Con A, S-Con A, JAC and PNA. The layer of basal cells did not react with any of the lectins studied. Bowman's glands in the lamina propria showed subpopulations of acinar cells reacting with SBA, S-WGA, WGA, STL, Con A, PSA, PNA, SJA, VVA, JAC and S-Con A, but in our optical studies with lectins we were unable to differentiate between mucous and serous cells in the way that is possible on electron microscopy. The ducts of Bowman's glands were labelled with S-WGA, STL, LEL, PHA-E, BSL-I and JAC. This histochemical study on the glycoconjugates of the olfactory mucosa in the order Xenarthra provides a basis for further experimental investigations.
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PMID:Identification and localisation of glycoconjugates in the olfactory mucosa of the armadillo Chaetophractus villosus. 1038 77

Glomeruli within the main olfactory bulb (MOB) are known as areas of synapse formation between axon terminals of olfactory neurons in the olfactory epithelium and dendrites of the first relay neurons (mitral and tufted cells) in the MOB, so that they serve as functional units in olfaction. We examined expression patterns of glycoconjugates in the glomeruli of the hamster MOB by lectin histochemistry using 21 biotinylated lectins. Thirteen lectins, WGA, s-WGA, DSL, DBA, SBA, WA, SJA, RCA-I, PNA, ECL, UEA-I, PSA and LCA, showed differential binding patterns among the glomeruli. To evaluate these differential binding patterns of lectins, we analysed staining intensity of each of the 13 lectins on the level of individual glomeruli by image analysis, and classified staining intensity into five grades (negative, 1+, 2+, 3+, 4+) on the basis of results obtained. This classification enables us to make detailed comparison among individual glomeruli. We further analysed the grade of staining intensity of each of the 13 lectins in the same glomerulus in adjacent serial sections by image analysis, and found that individual glomeruli varied in combination of grades of staining intensity and kinds of lectins. These results indicate that glycoconjugates are expressed heterogeneously in individual glomeruli, and that heterogeneous expression may contribute to the topographic organization of the primary olfactory pathway.
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PMID:Heterogeneous expression of glycoconjugates among individual glomeruli of the hamster main olfactory bulb. 1057 58

Conventional carbohydrate histochemistry and the binding patterns of 21 lectins were analysed to characterise the glycoconjugate content in the components of the vomeronasal organ of the armadillo Chaetophractus villosus. The mucomicrovillous complex of the sensory epithelium bound most of the lectins studied. No reaction was observed with Con A, PSA, S-Con A and SBA, and the sustentacular cells were-stained with UEA-I, DSL, LEL, STL and Con A. The vomeronasal receptor neurons were labelled with S-WGA, WGA, PNA, UEA-I, STL, Con A, S-Con A, ECL and RCA120. The basal cell layer reacted with S-WGA, WGA, LCA, UEA-I, DSL, LEL, STL, Con A, JAC and VVA. The nonsensory epithelium exhibited a differential staining in relation to the different components. The mucociliary complex stained with ECL, DBA, JAC, RCA120, STL, LCA, PHA-E, PHA-L, LEL, BSL-I and VVA. However, SJA and UEA-I stained the mucus complex lining a subpopulation of columnar cells. The cytoplasm and cell membranes of columnar cells was labelled with DBA, DSL and LCA. The apical region of these cells exhibited moderate reactivity with LEL and SJA. None of the lectins bound specifically to secretory granules of the nonsecretory cells. Basal cells of the nonsensory epithelium were labelled with DSL, LEL, LCA, BSL-I and STL. The vomeronasal glands showed a positive reaction with WGA, DSL, LEL, LCA, DBA, PNA, RCA120 and SBA. Subpopulations of acinar cells were observed with ECL, S-WGA, Con A, S-Con A and DBA. PNA and RCA120 stained the cells lining the glandular ducts. In comparison with previous results obtained in the olfactory mucosa of the same group of armadillos, the carbohydrate composition of the vomeronasal organ sensory epithelium differed from the olfactory sensory epithelium. This is probably related to the different nature of molecules involved in the perireceptor processes.
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PMID:Characterisation of glycoconjugate sugar residues in the vomeronasal organ of the armadillo Chaetophractus villosus (Mammalia, Xenarthra). 1085 58

The present histochemical and cytochemical study using a lectin panel (WGA, GSI-A4, GSI-B4, PSA UEA-I, PNA, LCA, Con-A, DBA, MPA, BPA) has demonstrated that, in Podarcis sicula, the differentiation of small follicle cells into pyriform cells by means of intermediate cells is accompanied by the appearance of glycoproteins bearing alpha-GalNAc terminated O-linked side chains on the cell surface. The distribution of DBA- and MPA-binding sites over the follicular epithelium changed during the different stages of oocyte growth. DBA- and MPA-binding sites first appeared at the beginning of folliculogenesis within the zona pellucida (ZP) and on the surface of small cells, i.e., the stem cells of pyriform cells. Afterward, labeling was evident on the cell surfaces of intermediate cells and, later on, also of pyriform cells. On the other hand, no labeling was detected on the small cells located under the basal lamina, which, reportedly, do not differentiate into pyriform cells (Filosa et al. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol., 1979; 15:297-316). Once pyriform cells were differentiated, the distribution of DBA- and MPA-binding sites over the follicular epithelium remained unchanged until intermediate and pyriform cells underwent apoptosis (Motta et al. J. Exp. Zool., 1996; 276:233-241) and the follicular epithelium transformed into a monolayer composed of small follicle cells only (Filosa Mon. Zool. Ital., 1973; 7:151-165). During this stage of oocyte growth, DBA and MPA labeling gradually decreased to completely disappear in the follicular epithelium of vitellogenic follicles. It is noteworthy that the observed changes in the distribution of DBA- and MPA-binding sites represent the first evidence recognized by lectins of a gradual modification of surface glycoprotein distribution over the follicular epithelium in the ovarian follicles of nonmammalian vertebrates so far studied. Finally, the zona pellucida (ZP), characterized by the presence of GalNAc, GluNAc, Man, and Gal, was demonstrated to be first synthetized by the oocyte and later on by the follicle cells.
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PMID:Pyriform cell differentiation in Podarcis sicula is accompanied by the appearance of surface glycoproteins bearing alpha-galNAc terminated chains. 1133 65

The present investigation demonstrates that in squamate reptiles, as already reported for Podarcis sicula (Andreuccetti et al., 2001), the differentiation of pyriform cells from small, stem follicle cells is characterized by the progressive appearance on the cell surface of glycoproteins bearing alpha-GalNAc terminated O-linked side chains. Using a lectin panel (WGA, GSI-A4, GSI-B4, PSA UEA-I, PNA, Con-A, DBA, LCA, BPA, SBA), we demonstrated that, during previtellogenesis, the pattern of distribution of DBA binding sites over the follicular epithelium dramatically changes. In fact, binding sites first appear in follicular epithelium at the time that small cells begin to differentiate; in such follicles, labeling is evident on the cell surfaces of small and intermediate cells. Later on, as the differentiation progresses, the binding sites also become evident on the cell surface of pyriform cells. Once differentiated, the pattern of the distribution of DBA binding sites over the follicular epithelium does not change. By contrast, during the phase of intermediate and pyriform cell regression, DBA binding sites gradually decrease, so that the monolayered follicular epithelium of vitellogenic follicles, constituted only by small cells, shows no binding sites for DBA. It is noteworthy that binding sites for DBA are present on small cells located in contact with the oocyte membrane, but not on those located under the basal lamina or among pyriform cells, and therefore not engaged in the differentiation into pyriform cells. This finding demonstrates that, in squamates, the pattern of distribution of alpha-N-GalNAc containing glycoproteins significantly changes during previtellogenesis, and that these modifications are probably related to the differentiation of small stem cells into highly specialized pyriforms.
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PMID:Surface glycoproteins bearing alpha-GalNAc terminated chains accompany pyriform cell differentiation in lizards. 1174 25

The distribution or localization of glycoconjugates in rat cerebellar cortex was investigated with 26 different kinds of lectins observed by light and electron microscopy. In paraffin-embedded tissues, PHA-L, PHA-E, DSA, WGA, ConA, LEA, LCA, PSA, and RCA-I, which mainly recognize N-linked oligosaccharide sugar structures, stained the cerebellar cortex, especially the molecular layer. PHA-L staining showed the highest selectivity for the molecular layer among these lectins. Pretreatment with N-glycanase altered the staining intensities of these lectins, whereas pretreatment with O-glycanase did not alter the intensity. In electron microscopy, the cell membrane and Golgi membranes of Purkinje cell, parallel fibers, and synaptic vesicles exhibited a positive reaction with PHA-L. Nuclear pores and synaptic vesicles were positive for WGA binding. These results suggest that there exist N-glycoside binding oligosaccharides predominantly in the cerebellar cortex, especially in the molecular layer, which sugar chains may be relevant to the synaptic transmission in the molecular layer.
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PMID:N-linked oligosaccharides predominantly distribute in rat cerebellar cortex. 1177 48

Renal proximal straight tubules (PST) of the female mouse contain periodic acid Schiff-positive lysosome granules. An excellent example of this is found in the kidneys of female DBA/2Cr mice. In the present study, lectin-histochemistry showed that lectin-positive granules occur in the PST of DBA/2Cr mice. Out of twenty-one lectins studied, the granules bound WGA, s-WGA, LEL, STL, DSL, GSL-II, VVL, RCA-I, ECL, PSA, LCA and PHA-E. Such granules were also observed in the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT). In addition, heterogeneous binding to the SBA or DBA was observed in the PST. Lectin-cytochemistry for s-WGA, STL, VVL, RCA-I, ECL and PSA, showed that: 1) lysosomes bind a higher level of s-WGA or STL than VVL, RCA-I, ECL or PSA; 2) PSA binding is similar in PST and PCT; 3) there are many PCT lysosomes that are negative for s-WGA, STL, VVL, RCA-I, and ECL lectin binding; and 4) s-WGA binding is highly specific to the lysosomes of the PST. Based on the binding specificities of each lectin, it was suggested that the mannose content of PST and PCT lysosomes is similar, and that PST lysosomes have a high level of N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylgalactosamine, galactose or galactosyl (beta 1, 4) N-acetylglucosamine.
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PMID:Lectin-histochemical and -cytochemical study of periodic acid Schiff-positive lysosome granules as a histological feature of the female mouse kidney. 1237 Nov 28


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