Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C1519176 (PSA)
 5,490 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The mobility of plasma membrane receptors for lectins concanavalin A (Con A), phytohemagglutinin (PHA), garden pea agglutinin (PSA), lentil agglutinin (LCA), peanut agglutinin (PNA), soybean agglutinin (SBA), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), and perch spawn agglutinin (PFA), the presence of binding sites for sheep erythrocytes, the presence of Fc and complement receptors, as well as pinocytic and phagocytic activities were investigated in normal peritoneal macrophages from conventionally reared (CV) and germ-free (GF) rats. Differences varying according to the lectin used were found in lectin-receptor-complex lateral mobilities measured as a function of patch and cap formation. Germ-free-rat-derived macrophages showed a significant decrease in the average amount of SBA binding sites per cell as determined by 125I-SBA labeling. The percentage of complement- and Fc-receptor-bearing macrophages was lower in GF rats, in contrast to the higher percentage of macrophages forming spontaneous rosettes with sheep erythrocytes. The pinocytic activity as determined by the neutral red uptake assay exhibited a threefold increase in GF rat-derived macrophages in comparison to CV ones. On the other hand, phagocytosis was more intense in macrophages from conventional rats, as detected by the engulfing of CdCO3 microcrystals. Our results, together with other recent reports, indicate that the earlier opinion that the peritoneal macrophages of GF animals do not differ essentially from those of conventional ones needs to be revised.
 ...
PMID:Some properties of the plasma membrane of macrophages from germ-free rats. 662 Feb 59

The competent ectoderm of Pleurodeles waltl comprises two cell layers with characteristic differences in their morphology, their composition and the molecular arrangement of the various constituents. The use of labelled lectin probes for observations of ectoderm tissue in vitro with u.v. microscopy (epi-illumination) and the quantification of the results show the following: Differences in labelling according to the nature of the lectins (SBA, PSA, LCA and Con A). These differences provide information on the nature of the carbohydrates which are present at this stage and on the number of receptors. Differences in fluorescence intensity of the surfaces studied. The internal surface of the ectoderm is labelled more densely than the external surface. Rearrangement of the lectin receptors with a new molecular configuration, stressing the fluidity of the membrane (by the mobility of the receptors throughout the membrane) and its importance for the occurrence of neural induction. Existence of membrane glycoconjugate turnover. A difference in behavioural characteristics between the internal and the external surfaces with respect to the lectins and the formation of an extracellular matrix on the internal surface alone. The extracellular matrix seems to have a role in morphogenetic movements.
 ...
PMID:Membrane changes in neural target cells studied with fluorescent lectin probes. 665 31

Alterations in the expression of glycoconjugate structures during cartilage development in the chondrocranium, nasal skeleton, Meckel's cartilage, limb buds, vertebral bodies and ribs were investigated comparatively in 13 to 21-d-old rat embryos. The binding patterns of 24 biotinylated lectins were analysed in serial sections and compared with results obtained using histochemical methods. Proteoglycan distribution, assessed by conventional staining procedures, was not associated with lectin binding sites. During early fetal development, hyaluronate concentrations were enhanced in areas of prospective chondrogenesis. With few exceptions, the lectins showed a general increase in intensity of binding to mesenchymal structures. Con A (Canavalia ensiformis), DSL (Datura stramonium), and WGA (Triticum vulgare) displayed a ubiquitous distribution of binding sites. After incubation with LCA (Lens culinaris), PSA (Pisum sativum), STL (Solanum tuberosum), and VAA (Viscum album), characteristic differences in binding intensity between focal areas of developing mesenchyme were seen. DBA (Dolichus biflorus), ECL (Erythrina cristagalli), GSL I (Griffonia simplicifolia), LTA (Lotus tetragonobolus), SJA (Saphora japonica), UEA I (Ulex europaeus) and VVL (Vicia villosa) consistently failed to bind. During chondrogenesis a general reduction of lectin staining was detected. In early stages of development GSL II (Griffonia simplicifolia) was a specific marker of the prechondral blastema in the viscerocranium. PNA (Arachis hypogaea) selectively labelled the prevertebral blastema. In contrast, condensing mesenchyme of limb buds and viscerocranium was not stained. Using RCA (Ricinus communis), it was possible to distinguish chondroblasts from mature cells. All chondrocytes were stained by PSA, PHA-E, PHA-L (Phaseolus vulgaris E and L), and WGA, whereas Con A, LCA, and GSL II detected distinct differences between cartilage with different localisations. Cartilage matrix was constantly negative. Applying GSL II it was possible to distinguish specific segments of the perichondrium. From our results we conclude that especially high mannose oligosaccharides are amplified during development. Terminal sialic acid molecules, branched intralaminar glucose and/or mannose, respectively, internal galactose-(beta 1,4)-N-acetylglucosamine sequences as well as galactose-(beta 1,3)-N-acetylgalactosamine sequences in a preterminal position are diffusely distributed in mesenchymal tissue. In contrast, no evidence for the presence of terminal GlcNAc(beta 1,4)GlcNAc sequences and terminal alpha-fucosyl residues in (1,2) or (1,3)-linkage was obtained. Chondrogenesis appears to be correlated with a general reduction in the extent of expression of oligosaccharide structures. No proof of terminal N-acetylgalactosamine and alpha-galactose moieties was found, whereas our staining results document the expression of terminal beta-galactose structures in restricted areas of the developing mesenchyme.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Glycoconjugate expression of chondrocytes and perichondrium during hyaline cartilage development in the rat. 759 87

The distribution of six lectin receptors, WGA, RCA-1, LCA, PSA, PNA and SBA in 111 human gliomas, 8 human normal brain tissues and 11 reactive hyperplasia of astrocytes was observed by means of avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique. Their grays were also quantified with the image analysis instrument. The results showed that WGA and RCA-1 might be used as markers for distinguishing well-differentiated astrocytomas from the reactive hyperplasia of astrocytes especially the reactivity of astrocytes had a specific feature with RCA-1. The difference in quantities of WGA, RCA-1, LCA, PSA receptors between astrocytomas, ependymomas and oligodendrogliomas, medulloblastomas might conduce to the diagnosis and classification. For astrocytomas, it was also showed that a quantity of LCA and PSA receptors was correlated with the degree of cell differentiation. Therefore, they can be used as valuable markers of the differentiation of astrocytomas.
 ...
PMID:Labeling and quantitative analysis of six lectin receptors of intracranial gliomas. 771 37

The staining patterns of 24 biotinylated lectins were analyzed in serial sections of the mandible of 13- to 21-day-old rat embryos by means of the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method. A ubiquitous distribution of binding sites was demonstrated after incubation with Con A (Canavalia ensiformis), DSL (Datura stramonium; except bone matrix), and WGA (Triticum vulgare). ECL (Erythrina cristagalli), GSL I (Griffonia simplicifolia), SJA (Saphora japonica), VVL (Vicia villosa), DBA (Dolichus biflorus), UEA I (Ulex europeus), and LTA (Lotus tetragonobolus) were constantly negative. In early stages of development, GSL II (Griffonia simplicifolia II) was a selective marker of prechondral blastema. In contrast, PNA (Arachis hypogaea) did not stain condensing mesenchyme. During chondrogenesis of Meckels's cartilage a general decrease of lectin binding was observed. Mature cartilage matrix was constantly negative. Chondrocytes were marked by the lectins PSA (Pisum sativum), WGA, PHA-E, and PHA-L (Phaseolus vulgaris E and L). A strong GSL II binding was restricted to the mesial-superior region of the perichondrium. In later stages, several lectins revealed significant differences between preskeletal ("central") areas and the remaining ("peripheral") mesenchyme. A clear binding reaction was noted in central regions by applying LEA (Lycopersicon esculentum) and STL (Solanum tuberosum), while the peripheral tissue was only faintly stained. Developing bone was specifically marked by succinylated WGA (sWGA). The lectins LCA (Lens culinaris) and RCA (Ricinus communis) bound to fibers and extracellular matrix of the connective tissue. Jacalin (Artocarpus integrifolia) and SBA (Glycine max) binding sites were found in macrophages. Affinity of VAA (Viscum album) increased parallel with maturation of endothelial cells. Specific lectin-binding patterns revealed no correlation with the distribution of glycosaminoglycans. The results demonstrate a general reduction of oligosaccharide structures during development of Meckel's cartilage. From our observations we conclude that intralaminar glucose and/or mannose sequences as well as terminal sialic acid molecules are ubiquitously distributed, while terminal alpha-fucose was constantly negative. Lectin-binding patterns of macrophages may reflect the presence of specifically linked terminal galactose. Our findings indicate that oligosaccharides terminating in N-acetylglucosamine are bone-specific. The significance of the restricted staining of the perichondrium by GSL II remains to be elucidated.
 ...
PMID:Characterization of glycoconjugate expression during development of Meckel's cartilage in the rat. 771 33

Lectin-binding patterns of the three olfactory receptors, olfactory epithelium (OE), vomeronasal organ (VNO) and septal olfactory organ of Masera (MO), and their associated glands, Bowman's gland (BG) of the OE, Jacobson's gland (JG) of the VNO, and anonymous gland (MG) of the MO were examined in the rat with 21 biotinylated lectins. On the free surface of the receptors, all lectins showed moderate to intense staining in at least one of receptors, although PHA-E in the VNO, BSL II and PNA in the MO, and DBA, BSL I, VVA, SJA, PSA and LCA in both the OE and the MO showed no staining. In the soma of receptor neurons, 16 lectins showed staining in at least one of receptors, although SJA showed no staining in both the OE and the MO, and BSL I showed staining in a small number of cells in these receptors. In the associated glands, 15 lectins showed staining in at least one of them, although PNA in the JG, LEL in the MG, and s-WGA and DBA in both the BG and the MG showed no staining. These findings suggest that the VNO takes charge of an olfactory discrimination different from that of the OE and MO, although the latter two take charge of that similar to each other.
 ...
PMID:[Lectin-binding patterns of the olfactory receptors (olfactory epithelium, vomeronasal organ and septal olfactory organ of Masera) in the rat]. 811 43

The distribution of six lectin receptors (WGA, RCA-1, LCA, PSA, PNA, SBA) in 71 human astrogliomas, 8 human normal brain tissues and 11 reactive hyperplasia of gliocytes was examined by avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique and quantified with an image analysis. The results showed that WGA and RCA-1 may be used as good markers for distinguishing well differentiated astrocytomas from reactive hyperplasia of gliocytes. The quantities of LCA and PSA receptors of astrocytomas with different degree of differentiation were different. Expression of SBA and PNA receptors in normal brain tissues and different lesions was similar. The results suggest that glycoproteins and glycolipids with N-glucosidic bonds mainly changed in the process of histogenesis and differentiation of astrocytomas.
 ...
PMID:[Quantitative analysis of six lectin receptors and its application in differential diagnosis of astrogliomas and reactive hyperplasia of gliocytes]. 820 Feb 74

The relative hydrophobicity of ten purified lectins preparations (SBA, LCA, PNA, PSA, STA, WGA, Con A, PHA-P, RCA-I and HPA) was determined using the aqueous two-phase polymeric system Ficoll 400-dextran 70 (13.53% - 11.59%, w/w in H2O, respectively). The linear correlation was found between the relative hydrophobicity of the lectin preparations and their hemagglutinating activity towards native rabbit erythrocytes (r2 = 0.925). Con A specific carbohydrate ligands added to the system decreased the relative hydrophobicity of lectin. Using cross partition, isoelectric points for the lectins were determined.
 ...
PMID:[Relative hydrophobicity and other properties of lectins in aqueous binary phase polymeric systems]. 839 77

The clinical, hematologic, and histologic features of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia are described for an 8-year-old female Domestic Shorthair cat, a 3-year-old female mixed-breed dog, and a 3-year-old male German Shepherd Dog. The neoplastic cells were characterized as belonging to the megakaryocytic lineage. The following techniques were used: electron microscopy; detection of antibodies against human von Willebrand factor (vWF) and human platelet glycoprotein GP IIIa using a modified avidin biotin peroxidase complex technique on formalin-fixed paraffin sections; and enzyme histochemical methods on plastic sections for alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, myeloperoxidase, alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase, alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase, naphthol AS acetate esterase, and naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase. In addition, benign megakaryocytic cells, platelets, and neoplastic cells were labeled with lectins that have partially been shown to bind to platelet glycoproteins of other species. In healthy cats and dogs, the megakaryocytes and platelets reacted with lectins PSA, LCA, PHA-L, and WGA. Megakaryocytes and platelets from healthy cats were also labeled by lectin PNA. The lectins PHA-L and WGA reacted with neoplastic cells from the cat and both dogs. Lectin PNA bound to neoplastic cells from the cat, and lectins PSA, LCA, and SBA bound to neoplastic cells from both dogs. For the retrospective examination of paraffin-embedded material, the detection of vWF and GP IIIa appears to be the most reliable method for the identification of megakaryocytic cells.
 ...
PMID:Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in one cat and two dogs. 847 Mar 39

The carbohydrate histochemistry of normal porcine small intestine from eight one- to four week-old pigs was investigated by the use of twenty one biotinylated-labeled lectins with avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. Five patterns of staining were seen. First, lectins were reacted with brush borders in enterocytes only, i.e. DBA, LEL, STL and PNA. Second, reactivity of lectins were specific for goblet cells, i.e. PSA. Third, lectins were reacted with both brush borders and goblet cells, i.e. RCA I, BSL II, DSL, WGA, Jacalin, ECL, ConA, LCA, UEA-1, PHA-E and PHA-L. Fourth, lectins were positive for brush borders but binding patterns of goblet cells were variable, i.E. BSL I and VVA. Fifth, the binding patterns were variable for brush borders and goblet cells. The binding patterns for SBA, SJA and s-WGA were variable. DSL bound weakly at first-week old pigs, and as the pigs aged, lectin reactivity on the brush borders of enterocytes as well as goblet cells increased. In contrast, STL, PNA and LEL bound strongly at first- and second-week old pigs, and as the pigs aged, lectin reactivity on the brush borders of ileal enterocytes decreased. Our results suggest the distinct age-region-, and cell types-related changes in epithelial glycocalyx as well as goblet cell mucins in the porcine jejunum and ileum.
 ...
PMID:Age-related lectin histochemical changes in the porcine small intestine. 859 97


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>