Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1519176 (PSA)
 5,490 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) are neoplasias with high prevalence and mortality. We previously reported that several peptidases may be involved in the pathophysiology of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC). Now, to gain insight into the reasons that lead the various RCC types to behave very differently with regard to aggressiveness and response to anticancer treatments, we analyzed subsets of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC), and renal oncocytoma (RO), a benign tumor; as well as different grades and stages of CCRCCs. Particulate APN, APB, and APA activities were decreased in both ChRCC and RO (tumor vs. nontumor tissues). Interestingly, activities were downregulated in a tumor-type specific way and the intensities of the decreases were stronger in the benign tumor than in the malignant type. Moreover, when two key histopathological parameters for tumor prognosis (high vs. low stage and grade) were analyzed, increases of activity were also observed in several of these cell surface peptidases (APN, APB). Some soluble activities (APB, Asp-AP) were also downregulated in the RCCs. With respect to genetic expression, PSA and APN were in a positive correlation related to their activities in both ChRCC and RO; but not APB, Asp-AP, APA, and PGI. These results may suggest an involvement of several peptidases in the pathophysiology of renal cancer, since they presented different patterns of activity and expression in tumors with different behaviors.
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PMID:Acid, basic, and neutral peptidases present different profiles in chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and in oncocytoma. 1821 46

In the forensic laboratory the biological analyses for rape investigation commonly include vaginal swabs as sample material combined to biochemical tests including sperm cytology (SC) and detection of acid phosphatase activity (AP) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA, p30) for the conclusive identification of semen components. Most reports comparing these tests relied on analysis of semen samples or donor swabs taken under controlled conditions; however their individual or combined efficacy under real live sampling conditions in different laboratories is largely unknown. We carried out SC, APA and PSA analyses in vaginal swabs collected from casework rapes submitted to Mexican Forensic Laboratories at Texcoco and Toluca. On the basis of positive and negative results from each assay and sample, data were classified into eight categories (I-VIII) and compared with those obtained in the two only similar studies reported in Toronto, Canada and Hong Kong, China. SC and APA assays had the higher overall positivity in Toluca and Texcoco samples respectively and otherwise PSA had a lower but very similar positivity between these two laboratories. When compared to the previous studies some similarities were found, namely similar frequencies (at a ratio of approximately 1 out of 3) of samples being positive or negative by all techniques (Categories I and VI respectively) and a comparable overall positivity of APA and SC but higher than that of PSA. Indeed the combined results of using SC, APA and PSA tests was considered as conclusive for semen detection from approximately 1 out of 3 cases (Category I) to approximately 1 out of 2 cases in a scenario where at least SC is positive, strongly presumptive in 2 out of 3 cases (with at least one test positive) and the remainder 1 out of 3 cases (Category VI) suggested absence of semen. By determining Y-STR polymorphisms (12-loci) in additional samples obtained at Toluca laboratory, complete DNA profiles were determined from all Category I samples, none marker was detected from all Category VI samples and mostly partial profiles were obtained from samples of other categories. These observations give an overview on the variability in efficacy of each test performed at different laboratories and provide a general notion about the in praxis contribution of SC, APA and PSA tests for further DNA typing in the forensic analysis of rape.
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PMID:Relationship of spermatoscopy, prostatic acid phosphatase activity and prostate-specific antigen (p30) assays with further DNA typing in forensic samples from rape cases. 2069 15

Mental illness is a major public health concern negatively affecting persons across multiple domains. To address this, health care systems have prioritized access to care and use of empirically supported treatments to better serve those with psychiatric concerns. Rates of dropout from psychotherapy are high, especially in routine clinical settings. Peer support has been promulgated as fostering treatment engagement and completion due to a connection forged from common experience (e.g., military service, psychiatric diagnosis, etc.). As such, the Veterans Health Administration has invested heavily in peer support, although there is limited direct evidence that it enhances treatment engagement or completion. The current study advances upon prior research, showing positive effects of a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Pretreatment Intervention (CBT-PTI) on individual therapy outcomes (Lusk, Lyubkin, Chermack, Sanborn, & Bowersox, 2016), by comparing CBT-PTI initial engagement and completion among 352 veterans who met with either a Peer Support Specialist or a Program Support Assistant. Logistic regressions were used to assess the effects of significant unadjusted predictors on CBT-PTI initial engagement and completion, and Mann-Whitney tests were used to further describe differences between veterans who met with PSA versus PSS. Support for the role of PSS was found for CBT-PTI completion, and there was a trend for engagement, although further research is needed. This study provides preliminary support for the use of PSS in fostering CBT-PTIs in routine clinical settings, although further study is warranted to confirm and expand support. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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PMID:Predictors of CBT-pretreatment intervention engagement and completion: Evidence for peer support. 3038 47