Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C1519176 (PSA)
 5,490 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

At the present time, there is no reliable laboratory marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC), while about 20% of small tumours detected by modern imaging techniques are benign and the clinical course is difficult to predict with considerable differences for the same stage and same grade. The molecular identification of clear cell RCC cells could satisfy these new requirements in the context of diagnosis of atypical or small renal tumours, allowing a more refined prognostic assessment, which is currently uncertain. Some of the antigens used for molecular diagnosis of clear cell RCC, such as cadherin-6, are present in the normal kidney, while others are newly formed antigens (TuM2PK, MN/CA9, CA12, calpain) or ectopic (PSMA, PSA, KLKI, cytokeratin 7 vimentin) or induce abnormal glycosylation (sialyl Lewis'X, galectins) indicating the malignant nature of the cells. The tumour's capacity for progression is related to dysregulations of the cycle (ras, Pax2, Tiam 1, waf/p21), division (tetracyclines, MIB1, PCNA, Nor Ag), apoptosis (bcl2, p53, CD95/Apo1), and the capacities for tissue invasion (proteases), disorganization (cadherin, catenins) or nidation (ICAM-1, CD44). Finally, chromosomal anomalies (mutations, translocations) also occur. MN/CA9, cadherin-6, vimentin, mucin 1 and DNA content are particularly useful for the diagnosis and/or prognosis of clear cell RCC. These markers can be analysed by extremely sensitive cytometric (flow cytometry, plate cytometry) or molecular methods (RT-PCR, in situ hybridization). These techniques lower the limit of detection of tumour cells in biological products (aspiration cytology, microbiopsy) and eventually in circulating blood. Proteomic and genomic methods (biochips) should considerably accelerate research in this field leading to the development of routine clinical applications.
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PMID:[Molecular and cytometric analysis of renal cell carcinoma cells. Concepts, techniques and prospects]. 1270 48

Therion Biologics Corp is developing PROSTVAC-VF-TRICOM, a prime-boost vaccine regimen that consists of a priming injection with a recombinant attenuated vaccinia virus expressing PSA and TRICOM (the company's proprietary triad of costimulatory molecules: ICAM-1, B7.1 and lymphocyte function-associated antigen-3), and a booster injection with a fowlpox virus expressing the same combination, for the potential treatment of prostate cancer. Phase II clinical trials are underway.
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PMID:Drug evaluation: Therion's rV-PSA-TRICOM + rF-PSA-TRICOM prime-boost prostate cancer vaccine. 1745 73

Tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) are by definition either weakly immunogenic or functionally nonimmunogenic. Vaccine strategies have been designed to present TAAs to the immune system that may result in far greater activation of T cells than that occurring naturally in the host. These strategies include (1) placing the gene coding for the tumor antigen into poxvirus vectors as a transgene; (2) using diversified prime-and-boost vaccine strategies employing two different types of poxvirus vectors; (3) using T-cell costimulation; and (4) using cytokines, including GM-CSF, as biologic adjuvants. Preclinical studies have been performed comparing the effects on induction of antigen-specific CD8 and CD4 T-cell responses using recombinant poxvirus vectors containing transgenes for a TAA and costimulatory molecules B7-1, ICAM-1, and LFA-3 (designated TRICOM). Antigen-specific T-cell responses were greatest in the group receiving the CEA-TRICOM vaccines and were shown to correlate with survival. We have now completed the first clinical trials with poxvirus vectors containing TRICOM, using the TAAs PSA, CEA, and MUC-1. In addition, clinical studies combining vaccines with radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and second-line hormone therapy have provided preliminary evidence of prolongation of time to disease progression and antigen cascade postvaccination.
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PMID:Preclinical and clinical studies of recombinant poxvirus vaccines for carcinoma therapy. 1819 7