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Query: UMLS:C1510475 (diverticular disease)
 2,138 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The characteristics and the prevalence of functional bowel disorders in the general French population are unknown. Based on an epidemiological inquiry in a random population of 1,200 persons who were not seeking care, residents in our country we established: the prevalence of symptoms suggestive of functional bowel disorders; the epidemiological differences between symptomatic subgroups which included abdominal pain with or without bowel dysfunction, diarrhea and constipation. The amount of cases and the prevalence in each subgroup were: abdominal pain, 165, 13.8 p. 100, painless constipation, 75, 6.3 p. 100, diarrhea, 10, 0.8 p. 100. As a whole, functional bowel disorders occurred in 20 p. 100 of our population. The "irritable bowel syndrome" group defined as abdominal pain and/or diarrhea differ from normal subjects by the following higher frequency of age under 50, subjects in active duty, antecedents of diverticulosis, influence of stress on symptoms, nausea, vomiting, migraines, pyrosis and number of visits to a doctor. However neither the sex-ratio nor professional occupation were relevant. The constipation group differed from normal because of the higher frequency of female sex, antecedents of hiatus hernia, use of laxatives but not because of age nor by the number of associated symptoms. In conclusion, functional bowel disorders occurred in 20 p. 100 of our population; two subgroups were clearly different from an epidemiological point of view, the irritable bowel syndrome (13 p. 100) and constipation (7 p. 100); therefore these two groups deserve a specific physiopathological, psychological and therapeutic approach.
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PMID:[Epidemiology of intestinal functional disorders in an apparently healthy population]. 395 14

The effects of pentazocine on colonic motor activity were studied in five normal subjects, five patients with irritable bowel syndrome, and five patients with diverticular disease. The drug decreased intraluminal colonic pressures in all patients but one. Since morphine, which increases intraluminal colonic pressures, is contraindicated in patients with abdominal pain of colonic origin (diverticular disease, irritable bowel syndrome), we suggest that pentazocine may be a useful drug in such cases.
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PMID:Preliminary communications. 481 54

The activity of sorbiperan was assessed during radiological examinations of 15 patients with hypomobility of the gallbladder, associated in some cases with atonic dyspepsia, and 25 cases of spastic colon with constipation and/or diarrhea due to diverticulosis, dolichocolon, sigmoiditis, or parasitosis. Patients with gallbladder dysfunction were examined radiologically before and after oral administration of 20 to 40 ml of sorbiperan, the dose varying as a function of bodyweight. In 3 patients, the hypermobility of the gallbladder provoked by this agent was greater than that observed with all usually employed products, in 11 cases the cholagogue produced an excellent effect, while in one case there was no observed effect. Patients with colitis were administered a barium enemea, and an initial series of films were taken. These were repeated after addition of 80 ml of sorbiperan to the same enema. Total, rapid evacuation of the colon was observed in 8 cases, while in 15 cases it was of excellent quality. No effect was noted in 2 cases. Sorbiperan provokes effective contractions of the gallbladder, favours sphincter of Oddi dynamics, increases motility of all digestive tract segments, and very significantly accelerates gastro-entero-colic peristalsis. Tolerance was excellent.
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PMID:[Cineradiological study of the activity of sorbiperan on the gallbladder and colon (author's transl)]. 626 14

Colonic motility disorders can be treated by changing the diet, modifying the patient's daily behaviour, giving drugs to enhance or inhibit colonic contraction, or by performing surgery. Therapy in constipation mainly relies on the use of bulk-forming agents, in addition to a change in behaviour. Dietary fibre, particularly bran, appears to be effective in diverticular disease. Bowel atony is largely caused by increased sympathetic activity, and thus frequently responds to sympatholysis. In the irritable bowel syndrome, amelioration is achieved by taking bran and omitting badly tolerated food; antispasmodics and psychotherapy are also probably beneficial. Diarrhoea and incontinence may be treated by opioids, such as loperamide. Recent progress has been mainly in the understanding of the pathophysiology of these disorders, but rapid therapeutic advances are now taking place.
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PMID:Therapeutic possibilities in colonic motility disorders. 638 75

In this study 29 patients were carriers of diverticular disease of the colons (DDC) and 29 patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The patients were diagnosed by means of a directed anamnesis standardized by the radiologic study of the colons. The methodology included, radiologic study of the colons, endoscopic examination of the colon (colonoscopy with biopsy) and anatomic pathologic examination of the fragments obtained in the endoscopy. It was tried, by means of colonoscopy with biopsy and anatomic pathological examination, to demonstrate, classify and relate, in agreement with pre-established criterion, the degree of intensity of the inflammatory process in the colic mucosa. According to the results we may conclude that: 1) colonoscopy in the studied inflammatory diseases is important for diagnosis, evaluation of the inflammatory process, identification of associated illness and material obtention for the anatomic pathological examination; 2) there is always a chronic inflammatory process, in variable degrees, of the colic mucosa in DDC and in IBS; 3) colonoscopy with biopsy and the anatomic pathological examination are adequate to diagnose with precision the degree of intensity of the chronic inflammatory process of the colic mucosa and the presence of associated disease in DDC and in IBS.
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PMID:[Correlation between colonoscopy and histopathology of the colon in diverticular disease and the irritable colon syndrome]. 653 35

The nature of colonic motility in normal subjects is discussed. Colonic myoelectrical control is disturbed in certain diseases: slow-wave activity may be affected, or the postprandial gastrocolonic spike response may be altered. Due to these changes in contractile activity, abnormal movement of materials through the colon takes place. These phenomena are reviewed with reference to the irritable colon syndrome, idiopathic constipation, diverticular disease, diabetes mellitus, peripheral systemic sclerosis, and chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction. The treatment of hypermotile states requires the use of agents that diminish colonic motility. If the colon is inert, however, stimulating drugs, e.g. metoclopramide or prostigmine, are indicated.
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PMID:Myoelectric and motor activity of the colon in normal and abnormal states. 659 81

A system used to record myoelectrical activity from the rectosigmoid colon has been modified so that a continuous recording of electrical resistance is obtained simultaneously. Normal subjects, patients with diverticular disease and patients with the irritable colon syndrome have been studied by this method. There were variations in resistance in the form of waves for 74.7, 88.5 and 89.0% of the time in the three groups. These changes were abolished by intravenous glucagon. The predominant frequency of the waves was 2-4 c/min and often coincided with myoelectrical waves of the same frequency. It is concluded that the resistance changes are produced by local movement in the colonic wall at the electrode site and that this technique may be valuable in studying colonic motility.
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PMID:Simultaneous recording of myoelectrical activity and resistance from the human colon. 684 Apr 3

Motility disturbances of the large intestine, which appear in various conditions of a disease, are based on a reduction, the loss or an intensivation of the contractility as well as on a disorganization of the motor activity. Also in the region of the large intestine the normal motoricity can underlie such disturbances, such as retarded or accelerated passage, passage in wrong direction as well as increased turbulence or increased content. Retarded passage of the large intestine leads to obstipation and in advanced form to ileus. The leading symptom in accelerated passage is the diarrhoea. The passage in wrong direction disturbs the motoricity of the colon in the case of a lesion of the ileocaecal valves. Increased turbulence of the content of the large intestine is one of the causes of obstipation, particularly, when it appears in a retarded passage. The disturbances of the laminary flow are characteristic for a diverticulosis. The motor activity of the colon is influenced by many factors, mainly by the central nervous system, the gastrointestinal hormones (cholecystokinin, gastrin, serotonin, insulin and prostaglandins), the diet and the way of life. The motor disturbances are accompanied by bioelectric disturbances of the colon. In the second part of the lecture some pathogenetic and clinical aspects of the most frequently appearing motor disturbance of the large intestine, the irritable colon, are discussed.
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PMID:[Motility disturbances of the large intestine]. 722 37

It is often suggested that the irritable colon syndrome is a pre-diverticular condition and that patients with diverticular disease and predominant diarrhoea are in fact suffering from the irritable colon syndrome. In this study colonic motor function in diverticular disease (7 patients with predominant diarrhoea), in the irritable colon syndrome (7 patients with predominant diarrhoea) and in 8 normal subjects were compared. Patients with diarrhoea were matched for symptom score, stool weight and transit time. Slow wave electrical activity was measured by an intraluminal suction electrode and patients with the irritable colon syndrome displayed a predominant frequency at 3 cpm. This was not found in patients with diverticular disease. No myoelectrical evidence to link the two conditions was found.
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PMID:Myoelectrical activity of the sigmoid colon in patients with diverticular disease and the irritable colon syndrome suffering from diarrhoea. 739 53

Spastic colon disease is a syndrome consisting of abdominal pain and abnormal bowel function associated with thickening of the circular muscle layer of the colon. The condition may be related to changes in intraluminal pressure associated with a lifelong low residue diet. Radiologic features include thickening, crowding, irregularity, and distortion of the interhaustral folds of the sigmoid colon, which in the past have been incorrectly considered to be manifestations of acute diverticulitis. Spastic colon disease leads to diverticulosis which develops because of mucosal herniations through the weakened colonic wall. When a diverticulum perforates, acute diverticulitis ensues. Depending on how the subsequent inflammatory response is contained, a mural abscess, colonic narrowing or obstruction, an intra-abdominal abscess, or a fistula may occur and be demonstrated on barium enema examination.
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PMID:Radiographic evaluation of spastic colon disease, diverticulosis, and diverticulitis. 739 Jan 19


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