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Query: UMLS:C1332347 (ADH)
 2,230 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Techniques are presented to detect 23 isozyme loci in the long-lived perennial plant, ponderosa pine. Meiotically derived megagametophyte from seeds is used to examine directly the segregation of allelic variants. Approximately seven seeds were initially examined for 12 enzymes from each of 47 trees from ten stands throughout the northern Rocky Mountain region. Additional seeds were also examined from selected families to confirm the inheritance of observed electrophoretic variants at 13 polymorphic loci and to estimate linkage relationship. Significant norandom segregation was consistently detected for three pairs of loci: ADH-1:AAT-2, ADH-1:PGI-1, and LAP-2:6PG-1. Preliminary estimates of population parameters reveal a relatively high average heterozygosity (H = 0.123). This is partitioned into a high amont of genetic variation within local stands, with only approximately 12% of the total heterozygosity resulting from genic difference between stands.
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PMID:Inheritance of isozyme variation and heterozygosity in Pinus ponderosa. 48 70

We investigated the functional and morphological changes of the liver after brain death for long period maintained with the combined administration of arginine vasopressin (ADH) and catecholamine. Twenty five brain-dead patients suffered from severe closed head injury were studied. The average age was 38.2 y.o. Systemic circulation was maintained normal for at least 6 days with ADH and catecholamine. ADH was infused constantly with an average dosage of 0.3 mU/kg/min. Simultaneous infusion of catecholamine was adjusted to maintain the mean arterial pressure above 80 mmHg. The morphological changes were not remarkable in the liver cells throughout the study. Levels of activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) except in 5 patients remained within normal range for two weeks. According to this data, it can be considered that there is no marked lowering in the activity of protein synthesis of the liver. The progressive increase of serum alkaline phosphatase, LAP, gamma-GTP, and total bilirubin were observed as the characteristic changes of the liver after brain death. Serum levels of total bilirubin were markedly elevated especially in the patients who received massive transfusion. Histologically, cell infiltration into the Glisson's sheath became remarkable in all cases as day proceeded. These findings suggest the dysfunction of bile excretion might occur due to the denervation from the brain.
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PMID:[Functional and morphological changes of the liver after brain death maintained with the combined administration of vasopressin and catecholamine]. 187 93

The electrophoretic patterns of seven isozyme systems (ADH, AMY, AAT, GDH, LAP, MDH, and SOD) obtained from dormant seeds from 44 accessions belonging to 12 Petrocoptis taxa were compared in order to clarify taxonomic relationships within the genus. Overall, electrophoretic zymograms showed the presence of up 28 electromorphs, of which 26 were polymorphic among accessions. Mantel tests revealed a moderate level of correlation between the geographic distance matrix and several dissimilarity matrices based on the isozyme data (r=0.3052-0.3376). The electrophoretic profiles of seed isozymes did not match closely the analytical taxonomic framework drawn from morphology. Many electromorphs are widely distributed among Petrocoptis species, and since isozyme polymorphism is present within taxa, few species-specific markers have been found. However, a relationship between the geographic origin of the accessions and several electromorphs has been noticed. Isozyme data gave moderate support to the splitting of the genus into two groups previously defined on the basis of morphology and geographic distribution (western and eastern taxa). However, some samples belonging to P. hispanica and P. pseudoviscosa were somewhat intermediate between both groups as revealed by multivariate ordination techniques. Seed isozymes did not reveal any clear taxonomic grouping among western Petrocoptis species. In fact, no single segregate of this group is supported by the electrophoretic data.
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PMID:Seed isozyme variation in Petrocoptis A. Braun (Caryophyllaceae). 1118 86

Genetic control of GOT, GDH, DIA, MDH, SOD, FDH, ADH, ACP, and LAP enzymes was studied in the seed megagametophytes of cembra pine (Pinus cembra L.) from the natural population of the Ukrainian Carpa-thian mountains. Efficient electrophoretic separation was obtained for 21 loci products. The analysis of allele segregation in heterozygous trees confirms monogenic inheritance of the revealed variants.
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PMID:[Genetic control of the isoenzymes in Cembra pine (Pinus cembra L.) in the Ukrainian Carpathian Mountains]. 1183 36

The genetic control of 9 enzymous systems in 46 trees of Pinus pityusa Stev. of two isolated Crimean populations was studied using electrophoretic separation of izsozymes in vertical plates of polyacrylamide gel. The detailed description of electrophoretic spectra of ADH, ACP, DIA, GOT, GDH, LAP, MDH, FDH, and SOD encoded by 20 loci is presented. The comparative analysis of the results published data on these allozymous loci in closely related pine species of genus Pinus L. was made.
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PMID:[Genetic control of allozymes of Pinus pityusa Stev. in natural Crimean populations]. 1201 92

The main parameters of genetic variability have been determined in an isolated natural Scotch pine population from Chita oblast' (Tsasuchei Forest) by analysis of 19 genes coding for nine enzymes: GDH, IDH, LAP, PGM, AAT, ADH, MDH, 6-PGD, and DIA. Polymorphic genes constituted 63.2% of all structural genes studied in the population at the 99% polymorphism criterion. The mean number of alleles per locus was 1.63. The observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.237 and 0.251, respectively. These estimates are close to the corresponding mean values for Scotch pine according to the data on 18 or more structural genes.
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PMID:[Genetic variability in Scotch pine in the southeastern part of its range]. 1257 49

Genetic control of GOT, GDH, DIA, MDH, ME, SOD, FDH, ADH, ACP, LAP enzymes has been studied in the seed megagametophytes of Silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) from four natural populations of the Ukrainian Carpathian mountains. The distinct electrophoretic division has been obtained for the 21 loci products. The analysis of allele segregation in the heterozygous trees confirms monogenic inheritance of the revealed variants.
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PMID:[Genetic control of Silver fir isozymes (Abies alba Mill.) of the Ukrainian Carpathian Mountains]. 1294 81

Ten gene enzymic systems (alpha-GPDH, AO, MDH, ADH, LAP, SOD, ALP, ACPH, ME, and EST), corresponding to 12 genetic loci, were assayed from five Greek populations representing three subspecies of Apis mellifera, A. m. cecropia (Pthiotida, Kythira), A. m. macedonica (Macedonia), and the "Aegean race" of A. mellifera, which is supposed to be very similar to A. m. adami (Ikaria, Kasos), as well as a population from Cypus (A. m. cypria). ADH( *)-1, ADH( *)-2, and LAP( *) electrophoretic patterns discriminate the Cyprus population from the Greek populations. MDH( *)-1, EST( *)-3, SOD( *), ALP( *), and ME( *) loci were found to be polymorphic in almost all populations. The observed heterozygosity was found to range from 0.066 to 0.251. Allele frequencies of all loci were used to estimate Nei's genetic distance, which was found to range between 0.011 and 0.413 among the populations studied. UPGMA and neighbor-joining phylogenetic trees obtained by genetic distance matrix methods, as well as a Wagner tree based on the discrete character parsimony method, support the hypothesis that the most distant population is that from Cyprus. Our allozymic data support A. m. cypria as a distinct subspecies, but there was no allozymic support for the distinction of the other subspecies existing in Greece.
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PMID:Allozyme variability and phylogenetic relationships in honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Apis mellifera) populations from Greece and Cyprus. 1634 63

Swiss stone pine Pinus cembra L. is a species with fragmented range, occurring in the Alpine-East Carpathian mountain system. Seeds of P. cembra are dispersed by nutcrackers, which offers potential possibilities for gene exchange among populations. Using isozyme analysis, we have examined five samples from two parts of the Swiss stone pine range: the Alps (Switzerland and Austria) and the Carpathians (two samples from the northern macroslope of the Gorgany Ridge, Eastern Carpathians, Ivano-Frankovsk oblast and one sample from Trans-Carpathian oblast of Ukraine). The allele frequencies of 30 isozyme loci, coding for enzymes ADH, FDH, FEST, GDH, GOT, IDH, LAP, MNR, MDH, PEPCA, 6PGD, PGI, PGM, SDH, SKDH, SOD, were analyzed using cluster analysis and methods of principal components. Two clusters, corresponding to the isolated Alpine and Carpathian parts of the range, were found. The main contribution to these differences were made by loci Adh-1, Adh-2, Fest-2, Lap-3, Mdh-4, and Sod-4. The interpopulation differentiation proved to be somewhat higher than that typical for pines (F(ST) = 7.4%), but within the limits characteristic for taxonomically close species. Thus, isolation of the populations did not lead to their marked differentiation, which may be explained by gene flow and balancing selection, which equalizes gene frequencies across the fragmented species area. Interlocus F(ST) heterogeneity (from 0.003 to 0.173) suggests adaptive significance of some of the allozyme polymorphisms or linkage of some loci with adaptive genes. The Carpathian populations were shown to have higher gene diversity than the Alpine ones (expected heterozygosities 0.095-0.114 and 0.060-0.080, respectively). A deficit of heterozygotes (as compared to the Hardy-Weinberg proportions), observed in the embryo sample, was probably explained by inbreeding. The reduction in the area of Carpathian pine forests in Holocene, caused by the global climatic changes and the anthropogenic impact, is hazardous for the gene pool of the species. The maintenance of genetic uniqueness of both Carpathian populations of P. cembra in general, and individual stands in particular, requires special measures for protection of Swiss stone pine in the Eastern Carpathians.
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PMID:[Allozyme polymorphism of Swiss stone pine Pinus cembra L. in mountainous populations of the Alps and the Eastern Carpathians]. 1635 21

Genetical control of the enzymes GOT, GDH, DIA, MDH, SOD, FDH, ADH, ACP and LAP has been studied in nine natural Carpathian populations of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) using polyacrylamide gel elecrophoresis and analysis of isozyme variability in 346 trees. Seventy one allel products of 20 gene loci have been clearly established. Segregation analysis of the revealed allele variants confirms their monogenic inheritance.
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PMID:[Genetic control of isozymes in European spruces (Picea abies (L) Karst) of the Ukrainian Carpathian mountains]. 1686 84


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